Joel D. Kopple

TL;DR: An expert panel to review and develop standard terminologies and definitions related to wasting, cachexia, malnutrition, and inflammation in CKD and AKI recommends the term 'protein-energy wasting' for loss of body protein mass and fuel reserves.

TL;DR: An inverse association between conventional risk factors and clinical outcome in dialysis patients is found and it is possible that new standards or goals for such traditional risk factors as body mass, serum cholesterol, and blood pressure should be considered for these individuals.

TL;DR: A number of the more prominent clinical practice guidelines for the adults are discussed, including the recommendation that the protein-energy nutritional status in patients with advanced chronic renal failure should be assessed by a panel of measures rather than by any single measure.

TL;DR: Ramipril, compared with amlodipine, retards renal disease progression in patients with hypertensive renal disease and proteinuria and may offer benefit to patients without proteinuria.

TL;DR: Because MICS leads to a low body mass index, hypocholesterolemia, hypocreatininemia, and hypohomocysteinemia, a "reverse epidemiology" of cardiovascular risks can occur in dialysis patients, obesity, hypercholesterolesmia, and increased blood levels of creatinine and homocysteine appear to be protective and paradoxically associated with a better outcome.