Showing papers by "John Monahan published in 1975"
TL;DR: A review of the empirical literature reveals that violence is vastly overpredicted, regardless of who is doing the predicting or how the predictions are made as discussed by the authors, which has several immediate social policy implications: Indeterminate prison sentencing should be abolished, civil commitment and preventive detention should be substantially curtailed, and legal safeguards should be infused into early intervention programs.
Abstract: Much current social policy in the areas of mental health and criminal justice is based on the supposition that psychologists and psychiatrists can accurately predict those who will be physically violent to another A review of the empirical literature, however, reveals that violence is vastly overpredicted, regardless of who is doing the predicting or how the predictions are made This predictive inaccuracy has several immediate social policy implications: Indeterminate prison sentencing should be abolished, civil commitment and preventive detention should be substantially curtailed, and legal safeguards should be infused into early intervention programs Language: en
24 citations
TL;DR: The data show that although some psychological factors are related to failure on the job, intellectual factors are the best predictors of advancement in the department and the psychiatric interview did not relate to any of the performance criteria.
Abstract: There is increasing awareness of the sensitive and crucial role of the law enforcement officer as a community caretaker. Rigorous efforts to define criteria of adequate performance and to select men who can meet these criteria are called for. In this study applicants for a law enforcement agency were subjected to an extensive psychological test battery and a psychiatric interview. The results were matched against subsequent performance as law enforcement officers. The data show that although some psychological factors are related to failure on the job, intellectual factors are the best predictors of advancement in the department, and the psychiatric interview did not relate to any of the performance criteria. Development of performance criteria was a problem here as elsewhere.
11 citations
TL;DR: The procedures for input by community psychologists can participate in the environmental impact assessment process to predict the effects of any new project on the demand for treatment services and suggest ways in which a project may be designed to prevent psychological problems and enhance community well-being.
Abstract: The environmental movement may provide a vehicle by which community psychologists can contribute to large-scale ecological change. This paper uses one outgrowth of the environmental movement--the environmental impact assessment process--to illustrate the procedures for input by community psychologists can participate in the environmental impact assessment process to (1) predict the effects of any new project on the demand for treatment services and (2) suggest ways in which a project may be designed to prevent psychological problems and enhance community well-being.
11 citations