Кодекс этики и профессиональной ответственности поведенческих аналитиков от сертификационной комиссии ВАСВ (далее «Кодекс») объединяет, уточняет и замещает «Руководство по профессиональной этике: Рекомендации по ответственному поведению для поведенческих аналитиков» и «Этические стандарты и дисциплинарные процедуры» ВАСВ. Кодекс включает 10 разделов, относящихся к профессиональному и этичному поведению поведенческих аналитиков, а также глоссарий терминов. Все претенденты на сертификацию ВАСВ, сертифицированные и зарегистрированные специалисты обязуются придерживаться правил данного кодекса с 1-го января 2016 года.

Professional and Ethical Compliance Code for Behavior Analysts (Translation to Greek)

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Progress In Behavior Modification

Abstract Virtual reality (VR) technology has increased clinical attention in the health care of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in both diagnoses of the symptoms and assessment of schizotypal traits. However, the exact nature of VR-induced positive treatment effect in schizotypy is still unknown. In this study, VR technology was used as a non-invasive neurocognitive trigger to test the asymmetric visuospatial representational instability found in individuals with high schizotypy. The study aimed to reveal the brain functional hemispheric laterality in physical and virtual realities in individuals with schizotypal traits. Fifty-one healthy, right-handed participants (24 males and 27 females) were enrolled through public advertisements. Hemispheric functional asymmetry was measured by the Line Bisection Task (LBT). The results revealed that (a) LBT bias in the physical reality showed a handedness-related leftward pseudoneglect, however, similar handedness-related pseudoneglect in VR has not been found. (b) Comparing LBT bias in physically real and VR environments showed rightward drift in VR environments independently to the degree of handedness. (c) The schizotypy has no association with handedness, however, the cognitive schizotypy is related to the LBT bias. Higher cognitive schizotypy in VR associated with left hemispatial pseudoneglect. In conclusion, schizotypy is associated with ambiguous behavioral and cognitive functional laterality. In individuals with high cognitive schizotypy, the VR environment enhanced the representational articulation of the left hemispace. This effect may be originated from the enhancement of the right hemisphere overactivation and is followed by a lower mental control of the overt behavior. 

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Ambiguous handedness and visuospatial pseudoneglect in schizotypy in physical and computer-generated virtual environments

Research has suggested that schizotypy—a personality organisation representing latent vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders—may be elevated in women with symptoms of disordered eating. However, studies have not fully considered associations between symptoms of disordered eating and multidimensional schizotypy. To overcome this limitation, we asked an online sample of 235 women from the United States to complete measures of symptoms of disordered eating (drive for thinness, body dissatisfaction, and bulimic symptoms) and multidimensional schizotypy. Correlational analyses indicated significant associations between drive for thinness and bulimic symptoms, respectively, and most schizotypal facets. Body dissatisfaction was significantly associated with only two schizotypal facets. Overall, the strength of correlations was weak-to-moderate. Regression results indicated that only the schizotypal feature of excessive social anxiety was significantly associated with all risk for disordered eating factors. These results are consistent with aetiological models of disordered eating that highlight socio-affective difficulties as risk factors for symptoms of disordered eating.

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Associations between Schizotypal Facets and Symptoms of Disordered Eating in Women

Body structural representation in schizotypy.

Challenging behaviours represent a common issue amongst people with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). As a result, such behaviours can significantly interfere with learning processes and both the individual and their caregiver’s quality of life. To implement a procedure that eliminates or reduces CB, a wide range of techniques can be utilised. Although there seems to be consensus regarding the need to reduce and eliminate CB, it is nonetheless important to implement an intervention which replaces the target behaviour with a socially acceptable alternative behavior through reinforcement. The present study has been realised with the intention of replicating a Functional Communication Training procedure (FCT; [1]). In practice, the intention was to apply the procedure to a four-year old boy with autism, with the aim of reducing CB, improving his relationship with his caregivers and increasing compliance times with the adult’s requests. The results demonstrate a significant reduction of CB, an improvement in functional communication, and a gradual improvement of compliance time.

Functional Communication Training for Autism: An Italian Case Study

Early intensive behavioural interventions for children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder follow different clinical models. A main component of most of these models is some form of stimulus preference assessment to identify stimuli preferences. An effective assessment of preferred stimuli allows for fluent skill-acquisition and effective mand training, as well as efficient behavior reduction programs. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a free-operant preference assessment on the establishing operations governing mands emitted by a 5-year old girl diagnosed with autistic spectrum disorder. During baseline, the participant emitted mands only for potato chips. The independent variable consisted of a Free-operant preference assessment as described by Roane et al. (1998). At post-intervention, the participant reached a cumulative repertoire of 73 different mands. Results suggest that the exposition to new stimuli via regular Free-operant preference assessment procedures might enhance establishing operations to interact with new items, therefore increasing the opportunities to teach an enhanced mand repertoire. Based on these results, a frequent Free-operant preference assessment could be recommended to applied behaviour professionals concerned with increasing communication.

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John Sykes

Papers

Body structural representation in schizotypy.

Functional Communication Training for Autism: An Italian Case Study

Free-Operant Preference Assessment to Increase the Mand Variety of a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder