Author
Jong Hyun Cho
Bio: Jong Hyun Cho is an academic researcher from Emory University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Phosphoramidate & Nucleoside. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 18 publications receiving 1148 citations.
Topics: Phosphoramidate, Nucleoside, Polymerase, Hepatitis C virus, Prodrug
Papers
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TL;DR: The classic Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between acetylenes and azides was brought back into focus by Sharpless and others when they developed the concept of click chemistry as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Pioneered by Huisgen in the 1960’s1, the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction between acetylenes and azides was brought back into focus by Sharpless and others2 when they developed the concept of “click chemistry”. This approach, based on the joining of smaller units mimics the approach used by nature to generate substances. This concept takes advantage of reactions that are modular, wide in scope, stereospecific, high yielding, and generate only non-offensive by-products to efficiently access new useful compounds. Moreover, to be completely “click”, the process must involve simple reaction conditions, readily available starting materials and reagents, the use of no solvent, or a benign or easily removable solvent.3 At first, the classical Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition did not fall into the above definition, but the discovery of copper (I) salts catalyzing the reaction first by Medal and then by Sharpless4 allowed chemists to evolve from harsh reaction conditions that lead to a mixture of 1,4- and 1,5- regio-isomers to a regioselective reaction which can be performed at room temperature in very short reaction times (Scheme 1). The Cu alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC) fit so well into the above definition that it has become almost synonymous of “click chemistry” itself.
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Scheme 1
1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Between Azides and Alkynes
727 citations
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TL;DR: This review focuses on the chemical synthesis and biology of anticancer nucleoside, nucleotide, and base analogs that are FDA-approved and in clinical development since 2000 and explores analog syntheses as well as improved and scale-up syntheses.
Abstract: Nucleoside, nucleotide, and base analogs have been in the clinic for decades to treat both viral pathogens and neoplasms. More than 20% of patients on anticancer chemotherapy have been treated with one or more of these analogs. This review focuses on the chemical synthesis and biology of anticancer nucleoside, nucleotide, and base analogs that are FDA-approved and in clinical development since 2000. We highlight the cellular biology and clinical biology of analogs, drug resistance mechanisms, and compound specificity towards different cancer types. Furthermore, we explore analog syntheses as well as improved and scale-up syntheses. We conclude with a discussion on what might lie ahead for medicinal chemists, biologists, and physicians as they try to improve analog efficacy through prodrug strategies and drug combinations.
229 citations
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TL;DR: Nucleoside analogs that target the HCV NS5B polymerase that have reached human clinical trials is the focus of this review as they have demonstrated significant advantages in the clinic with broader activity against the various HCV GT and a higher barrier to the development of resistant viruses when compared to all other classes of HCV inhibitors.
82 citations
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09 Feb 201047 citations
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TL;DR: An efficient method for the synthesis of nucleoside phosphoramidates prodrugs (6a-f) has been developed that employs a simple protection/deprotection sequence of the nucleosides with benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz).
35 citations
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2,135 citations
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TL;DR: A critical appraisal of different synthetic approaches to Cu and Cu-based nanoparticles and copper nanoparticles immobilized into or supported on various support materials (SiO2, magnetic support materials, etc.), along with their applications in catalysis.
Abstract: The applications of copper (Cu) and Cu-based nanoparticles, which are based on the earth-abundant and inexpensive copper metal, have generated a great deal of interest in recent years, especially in the field of catalysis. The possible modification of the chemical and physical properties of these nanoparticles using different synthetic strategies and conditions and/or via postsynthetic chemical treatments has been largely responsible for the rapid growth of interest in these nanomaterials and their applications in catalysis. In addition, the design and development of novel support and/or multimetallic systems (e.g., alloys, etc.) has also made significant contributions to the field. In this comprehensive review, we report different synthetic approaches to Cu and Cu-based nanoparticles (metallic copper, copper oxides, and hybrid copper nanostructures) and copper nanoparticles immobilized into or supported on various support materials (SiO2, magnetic support materials, etc.), along with their applications i...
1,823 citations
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TL;DR: This review introduces readers to the basic principles and fundamentals of flow chemistry and critically discusses recent flow chemistry accounts.
Abstract: Flow chemistry involves the use of channels or tubing to conduct a reaction in a continuous stream rather than in a flask Flow equipment provides chemists with unique control over reaction parameters enhancing reactivity or in some cases enabling new reactions This relatively young technology has received a remarkable amount of attention in the past decade with many reports on what can be done in flow Until recently, however, the question, “Should we do this in flow?” has merely been an afterthought This review introduces readers to the basic principles and fundamentals of flow chemistry and critically discusses recent flow chemistry accounts
1,192 citations
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TL;DR: Chemistries that Facilitate Nanotechnology Kim E. Sapsford,† W. Russ Algar, Lorenzo Berti, Kelly Boeneman Gemmill,‡ Brendan J. Casey,† Eunkeu Oh, Michael H. Stewart, and Igor L. Medintz .
Abstract: Chemistries that Facilitate Nanotechnology Kim E. Sapsford,† W. Russ Algar, Lorenzo Berti, Kelly Boeneman Gemmill,‡ Brendan J. Casey,† Eunkeu Oh, Michael H. Stewart, and Igor L. Medintz*,‡ †Division of Biology, Department of Chemistry and Materials Science, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States ‡Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering Code 6900 and Division of Optical Sciences Code 5611, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States College of Science, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, United States Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, California 95817, United States Sotera Defense Solutions, Crofton, Maryland 21114, United States
1,169 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a compendium of all relevant ligands that have been employed to generate coordination polymers and metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs), and three representative examples for each category are described in detail.
839 citations