Juan Jovel

TL;DR: The two main approaches for analyzing the microbiome, 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicons and shotgun metagenomics, are illustrated with analyses of libraries designed to highlight their strengths and weaknesses and several methods for taxonomic classification of bacterial sequences are discussed.

TL;DR: Among adults with RCDI, FMT via oral capsules was not inferior to delivery by colonoscopy for preventing recurrent infection over 12 weeks and treatment with oral capsules may be an effective approach to treating RCDi.

TL;DR: This work identifies cooperative action of ARGONAUTE1 and ARGonAUTE2 in virus resistance conferred by 21-nucleotide virus-derived small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and reveals that 22- nucleotide viral siRNAs do not guide efficient antiviral defense, demonstrating a qualitative difference between 21- and 22-Nucleotide classes ofSiRNAs in RNA silencing.

TL;DR: An underlying defect in the UC-afflicted intestinal tract even in the absence of inflammation is suggested, implicating barrier and microbial changes as primary abnormalities in UC that may play a causative role in disease development.

TL;DR: Using IgG as a marker of pathobionts in larger patient cohorts to identify microbes and elucidate their role in IBD pathogenesis will potentially underpin new strategies to facilitate development of novel, targeted diagnostic, and therapeutic approaches.