Julie Chronister

Bio: Julie Chronister is an academic researcher from San Francisco State University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Social support & Rehabilitation counseling. The author has an hindex of 15, co-authored 34 publications receiving 880 citations. Previous affiliations of Julie Chronister include University of Memphis & City University of New York.

Understanding psychosocial adjustment to chronic illness and disability : a handbook for evidence-based practitioners in rehabilitation

Abstract: This book covers important issues in the adjustment process of persons with disabilities and chronic illness, including stigma, societal attitudes, sexuality, etc. Chapters explore psychosocial adjustment within the context of positive psychology, psychiatric rehabilitation, and persons with substance abuse issues. They are also written from an evidence-based practice perspective, emphasizing the empirical basis of the models and interventions explained, and their effectiveness with rehabilitation related populations.

The role of stigma coping and social support in mediating the effect of societal stigma on internalized stigma, mental health recovery, and quality of life among people with serious mental illness

Abstract: This study investigated the mediating properties of stigma coping and social support on the relationship between societal stigma, internalized stigma, mental health recovery, and quality of life among people with serious mental illness (SMI). Participants were 101 adults with SMI living in New York City and Boston. We used 11 measures to assess the study variables. Descriptive statistics, correlational analyses, and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data. Results showed that secrecy and withdrawal coping and emotional and tangible support mediate the effect of societal stigma on internalized stigma and recovery. Challenging and educating others coping were frequently used and positively linked to recovery. The sample reported low levels of social support and social support was linked to higher levels of societal and internalized stigma and lower levels of recovery and quality of life. Social support and coping should be incorporated into treatment to reduce the negative effects of stigma.

Measuring social support in rehabilitation.

Abstract: Purpose. To provide a comprehensive and up-to-date literature review of social support and a description of available assessment measures in order to facilitate a theoretical and operational framework for incorporating social support in rehabilitation interventions.Method. An overview of the different theoretical models and conceptual dimensions and a description of specific measures of social support are given. The implications of social support assessment for rehabilitation and recommendations for future research are discussed.Conclusion. To move forward in this area, a consensus on the definition and dimensions of social support needs to occur which could be obtained through an evaluation of existing measures . Practitioners and researchers in rehabilitation need to study measures of social support in order to provide empirical support for scales used in professional practice and in research to expand understanding of this important construct.

Predicting employment outcomes of rehabilitation clients with orthopedic disabilities: a CHAID analysis.

Abstract: Purpose. To examine demographic and service factors affecting employment outcomes of people with orthopedic disabilities in public vocational rehabilitation programs in the United States.Method. The sample included 74,861 persons (55% men and 45% women) with disabilities involving the limbs or spinal column who were closed either as rehabilitated or not rehabilitated by their state-run vocational rehabilitation agencies in the fiscal year 2001. Mean age of participants was 41.4 years (SD = 11.2). The dependent variable is employment outcomes. The predictor variables include a set of personal history variables and rehabilitation service variables.Results. The chi-squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID) analysis indicated that job placement services significantly enhanced competitive employment outcomes but were significantly underutilized (only 25% of the clients received this service). Physical restoration and assistive technology services along with support services such as counseling also contrib...

わかりやすい障害者の権利条約 : 知的障害のある人の権利のために = Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities

Abstract: The present report is submitted in response to General Assembly resolution 61/106, by which the Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Optional Protocol thereto. As requested by the Assembly, a brief overview of the status of the Convention as at 3 August 2007 is presented. The report also contains a brief description of technical arrangements on staff and facilities made necessary for the effective performance of the functions of the Conference of States Parties and the Committee under the Convention and the Optional Protocol, and a description on the progressive implementation of standards and guidelines for the accessibility of facilities and services of the United Nations system. Recent efforts of the United Nations and agencies to disseminate information on the Convention and the Optional Protocol are also described.

Coping flexibility and psychological adjustment to stressful life changes: A meta-analytic review.

Abstract: Compared with the large body of literature on coping, coping flexibility has received relatively scant research attention, although more such studies have begun to emerge recently. Researchers have conceptualized coping flexibility in diverse ways: as a broad coping repertoire, a well-balanced coping profile, cross-situational variability in strategy deployment, a good strategy-situation fit, or the perceived ability to cope with environmental changes. This meta-analysis is the first to provide a summary estimate of the overall effect size and investigate cross-study sources of variation in the beneficial role of coping flexibility. The analysis covers all available studies conducted between 1978 and 2013 that empirically tested the relationship between coping flexibility and psychological adjustment. The results of a random-effects model revealed a small to moderate overall mean effect size (r = .23, 95% CI [.19, .28], 80% CRI [-.02, .49], k = 329, N = 58,946). More important, the magnitude of the positive link between coping flexibility and psychological adjustment varied with the conceptualization of such flexibility. Studies adopting the perceived ability or strategy-situation fit conceptualization yielded moderate effect sizes, whereas those adopting the broad repertoire, balanced profile, or cross-situational variability conceptualization yielded small effect sizes. In addition, the positive link between coping flexibility and psychological adjustment was stronger in samples from countries lower (vs. higher) in individualism and samples with higher (vs. lower) average ages. Individualism and age explained 10% and 13% of the variance, respectively. We discuss the conceptual problems and implications and propose a synthesized conceptualization of coping flexibility.

Person-first and identity-first language: Developing psychologists' cultural competence using disability language.

Abstract: The American Psychological Association (APA) advocates the use of person-first language (e.g., people with disabilities) to refer to individuals with disabilities in daily discourse and to reduce bias in psychological writing. Disability culture advocates and disability studies scholars have challenged the rationale for and implications of exclusive person-first language use, promoting use of identity-first language (e.g., disabled people). We argue that psychologists should adopt identity-first language alongside person-first constructions to address the concerns of disability groups while promoting human dignity and maintaining scientific and professional rigor. We review the evolution of disability language and then discuss the major models used to characterize disability and people with disabilities. The rationale for person-first language and the emergence of identity-first language, respectively, are linked to particular models. We then discuss some language challenges posed by identity-first language and the current intent of person-first language, suggesting that psychologists make judicious use of the former when it is possible to do so. We conclude by offering five observations of ways that use of both person-first and identity-first language could enhance psychologists' cultural competence regarding disability issues in personal and scientific communications.