Showing papers by "Jun Lu published in 1997"
TL;DR: In this article, a strong signal for double parton (DP) scattering is observed in a 16pb−1 sample of p¯p→γ/π0+3jets+X data from the CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron.
Abstract: A strong signal for double parton (DP) scattering is observed in a 16pb−1 sample of p¯p→γ/π0+3jets+X data from the CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. In DP events, two separate hard scatterings take place in a single p¯p collision. We isolate a large sample of data (∼14000events) of which 53% are found to be DP. The process-independent parameter of double parton scattering, σeff, is obtained without reference to theoretical calculations by comparing observed DP events to events with hard scatterings in separate p¯p collisions. The result σeff=(14.5±1.7−2.3+1.7)mb represents a significant improvement over previous measurements, and is used to constrain simple models of parton spatial density. The Feynman x dependence of σeff is investigated and none is apparent. Further, no evidence is found for kinematic correlations between the two scatterings in DP events.
241 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a study of $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ and $ENSSI(2S)$ production in collisions, at the CDF detector at Fermilab.
Abstract: We present a study of $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ and $\ensuremath{\psi}(2S)$ production in $p\overline{p}$ collisions, at $\sqrt{s}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1.8\mathrm{TeV}$ with the CDF detector at Fermilab. The $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ and $\ensuremath{\psi}(2S)$ mesons are reconstructed using their ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{+}{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{\ensuremath{-}}$ decay modes. We have measured the inclusive production cross section for both mesons as a function of their transverse momentum in the central region, $|\ensuremath{\eta}|l0.6$. We also measure the fraction of these events originating from $b$ hadrons. We thus extract individual cross sections for $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ and $\ensuremath{\psi}(2S)$ mesons from $b$-quark decays and prompt production. We find a large excess (approximately a factor of 50) of direct $\ensuremath{\psi}(2S)$ production compared with predictions from the color singlet model.
210 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the fraction of J/{psi} mesons originating from X{sub c} meson decays in p{ovr p} collisions at 1.8 TeV was measured.
Abstract: We have measured the fraction of J/{psi} mesons originating from X{sub c} meson decays in p{ovr p} collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV. The fraction, for P{sub T}{sup J/{psi}}>4.0 GeV/c and |{eta}{sup J/{psi}}| < 0.6, not including contributions from b flavored hadrons, is 29.7%{+-}1.7%(stat){+-}5.7%(syst). We have determined the cross sections for J/{psi} mesons originating from X{sub c} decays and for directly produced J/{psi} mesons. We have found that direct J/{psi} production is in excess of the prediction of the color singlet model by the same factor found for direct {psi}(2S) production.
156 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a strong signal for double parton scattering (DP) is observed in a 16 pb{sup {minus}1} sample of {bar p}p{r_arrow}{gamma}+3 jets+X data from the CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron.
Abstract: A strong signal for double parton scattering (DP) is observed in a 16 pb{sup {minus}1} sample of {bar p}p{r_arrow}{gamma}+3 jets+X data from the CDF experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. The process-independent DP parameter, {sigma}{sub eff}, is obtained without reference to theoretical calculations by comparing observed DP events to events with hard scatterings at separate {bar p}p collisions. The result, {sigma}{sub eff}=(14.5{plus_minus}1.7{sup +1 .7}{sub {minus}2.3}) mb , represents a significant improvement over previous measurements. For the first time, the Feynman x dependence of the {sigma}{sub eff} parameter is investigated, and no dependence is seen. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
102 citations
TL;DR: The first observation of diffractively produced W bosons was reported in this article, where the diffractive to nondiffractive W production ratio was found to be R{sub W}=(1.15{plus_minus}0.55 ) percent.
Abstract: We report the first observation of diffractively produced W bosons. In a sample of W{r_arrow}e{nu} events produced in p{bar p} collisions at {radical}(s)=1.8TeV, we find an excess of events with a forward rapidity gap, which is attributed to diffraction. The probability that this excess is consistent with nondiffractive production is 1.1{times}10{sup -4} (3.8{sigma}). The relatively low fraction of W+jet events observed within this excess implies that mainly quarks from the Pomeron, which mediates diffraction, participate in W production. The diffractive to nondiffractive W production ratio is found to be R{sub W}=(1.15{plus_minus}0.55){percent}. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
83 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used 106 pb{sup {minus}1} of data collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab to search for new particles decaying to dijets.
Abstract: We have used 106 pb{sup {minus}1} of data collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab to search for new particles decaying to dijets. We exclude at the 95{percent} confidence level models containing the following new particles: axigluons and flavor universal colorons with a mass between 200 and 980 GeV/c{sup 2}, excited quarks with a mass between 80 and 570 GeV/c{sup 2} and between 580 and 760 GeV/c{sup 2}, color octet techni-{rho}`s with a mass between 260 and 480 GeV/c{sup 2}, W{sup {prime}} bosons with a mass between 300 and 420 GeV/c{sup 2}, and E{sub 6} diquarks with a mass between 290 and 420 GeV/c{sup 2}. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
82 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a direct search for charged Higgs boson production in p{ovr p} collisions at {radical}(s)=1.8 TeV recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab was described.
Abstract: This Letter describes a direct search for charged Higgs boson production in p{ovr p} collisions at {radical}(s)=1.8 TeV recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. Two-Higgs-double extensions to the standard model predict the existence of charged Higgs bosons (H{sup {plus_minus}}) . In such models, the branching fraction for top quarks scr(B)(t{r_arrow}H{sup +}b{r_arrow}{tau}{sup +} {nu}b) can be large. This search uses the hadronic decays of the tau lepton in this channel to significantly extend previous limits on H{sup {plus_minus}} production. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
74 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported the observation and measurement of diffractive dijet production at the Fermilab Tevatron p¯p collider at s=1.8TeV.
Abstract: We report the observation and measurement of the rate of diffractive dijet production at the Fermilab Tevatron p¯p collider at s=1.8TeV. In events with two jets of ET>20GeV, 1.8 0, we find that the diffractive to nondiffractive production ratio is RJJ=[0.75±0.05(stat)±0.09(syst)]%. By comparing this result, in combination with our measured rate for diffractive W boson production reported previously, with predictions based on a hard partonic pomeron structure, we determine the pomeron gluon fraction to be fg=0.7±0.2.
69 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the dilepton mass spectrum in p{bar p}{r_arrow}l{sup + l{sup {minus}}+X interactions was studied using dielectrons and dimuons.
Abstract: The dilepton mass spectrum in p{bar p}{r_arrow}l{sup +}l{sup {minus}}+X interactions is studied using dielectrons ({ital ee}) and dimuons ({mu}{mu}) in 110 pb{sup {minus}1} of data collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The data are consistent with standard model predictions. The mass spectrum, being a probe for new physics, is examined for new interactions of quarks and leptons from a common composite structure. Assuming a contact interaction with the conventional coupling g{sup 2}{sub 0}/4{pi}=1 , limits on chiral quark-electron and quark-muon compositeness scales in the range of 2.5 to 4.2TeV are obtained. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
62 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present measurements of correlated $b\overline{b}$ cross sections, $\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuresuremath{-}\ensureMath{\mu}$ correlations, the average mixing parameter, and a limit on the CP-violating parameter, which they use muon pairs from double semileptonic decays.
Abstract: We present measurements of correlated $b\overline{b}$ cross sections, $\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{-}\ensuremath{\mu}$ correlations, the average ${B}^{0}{\overline{B}}^{0}$ mixing parameter $\overline{\ensuremath{\chi}}$, and a limit on the CP-violating parameter ${\ensuremath{\epsilon}}_{B}.$ For these measurements, we use muon pairs from $b\overline{b}$ double semileptonic decays. The data used in this analysis were taken with the Collider Detector at Fermilab and represent an integrated luminosity of $17.4\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.6$ pb${}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$. The results concerning $b\overline{b}$ production correlations are compared to predictions of next-to-leading order QCD computations.
60 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a search for supersymmetric squark and gluino particles in a data sample of 19 collisions at 1.8$ TeV recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab was conducted.
Abstract: We report on a search for supersymmetric squark and gluino particles in a data sample of 19 ${\mathrm{pb}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ of $p\overline{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8$ TeV recorded by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We searched for events containing jets plus appreciable missing transverse energy $({\stackrel{/}{E}}_{T}).$ This signature is indicative of pair production and subsequent decay of squarks and/or gluinos. After all cuts, there are $18$ events with ${\stackrel{/}{E}}_{T}g60$ GeV and three jets, and $6$ events with ${\stackrel{/}{E}}_{T}g60$ GeV and four jets. These numbers of events are consistent with estimates of standard model processes plus detector-induced background sources. The analysis yields lower limits on gluino and squark masses, based on the predictions from the mnimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. At the $95%$ confidence level, we find gluino and squark mass limits up to 216 $\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/{c}^{2},$ assuming equal gluino and squark masses, and gluino mass limits up to $173$ $\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/{c}^{2},$ independent of squark mass.
TL;DR: In this article, the first observation of the all hadronic decay of t{ovr t} pairs was performed using 109 pb{sup -1} of p{ov r p} collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab.
Abstract: We present the first observation of the all hadronic decay of t{ovr t} pairs. The analysis is performed using 109 pb{sup -1} of p{ovr p} collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We observe an excess of events with five or more jets, including one or two b jets, relative to background expectations. Based on this excess we evaluate the production cross section to be in agreement with previous results. We measure the top mass to be 186{+-}10{+-}12 GeV/c{sup 2}.
TL;DR: The results of a search for first generation scalar leptoquarks pairs (S-1 (S)over-bar(1)) in 110 +/- 7 pb(-1) of data collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab are presented in this article.
Abstract: We present the results of a search for first generation scalar leptoquarks pairs (S-1 (S)over-bar(1)) in 110 +/- 7 pb(-1) of data collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. We assume both leptoquarks decay to an electron and a quark. Three candidate events, with masses below 140 GeV/c(2) and consistent with background expectations, are observed. We obtain a 95% confidence level upper limit on the production cross section as a function of the leptoquark mass. Using a next-to-leading order calculation of S-1 (S)over-bar(1) production, we exclude scalar leptoquarks with mass less than 213 GeV/c(2) at 95% C.L. for a branching ratio into eq equal to 1.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured a mass difference between the decay of the Lambda and the B-Lambda in 110 collisions taken at 1.8$ TeV and showed that the mass difference was 0.05(syst).
Abstract: The decay ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{b}^{0}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi} \ensuremath{\Lambda} is observed in 110 ${\mathrm{pb}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1}$ of pp\ifmmode\bar\else\textasciimacron\fi{} collisions taken at $\sqrt{s}=1.8$ TeV. These data are used to measure a \ensuremath{\Lambda}${}_{b}^{0}$ mass of 5621\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}4(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}3(syst) MeV/${\mathit{c}}^{2}$, and a mass difference between the \ensuremath{\Lambda}${}_{b}^{0}$ and the ${\mathit{B}}^{0}$ of 340\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}5(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1(syst) MeV/${\mathit{c}}^{2}$. The production cross-section times branching fraction for the decay ${\ensuremath{\Lambda}}_{b}^{0}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi} \ensuremath{\Lambda} relative to that for the decay ${B}^{0}$\ensuremath{\rightarrow}J/\ensuremath{\psi} ${K}_{S}^{0}$ has been measured to be 0.27\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.12(stat)\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.05(syst).
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a search for dilepton events from t{ovr t} production with one electron or muon and one hadronically decaying {tau} lepton from the decay t{n,n,sub l}({tau,nu,sub τ,tau]), using the Collider Detector at Fermilab.
Abstract: We present a search for dilepton events from t{ovr t} production with one electron or muon and one hadronically decaying {tau} lepton from the decay t{ovr t}{yields}(l{nu}{sub l})({tau}{nu}{sub {tau}})b{ovr b}, (l = e,{mu}), using the Collider Detector at Fermilab. In a 109 pb{sup -1} data sample of p{ovr p} collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV we expect {approx}1 signal event and a total background of {approx}2 events; we observe 4 candidate events ( 2 e{tau} and 2 {mu}{tau}). Three of these events have jets identified as b candidates, compared to an estimated background of 0.28{+-}0.02 events.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Tissue reperfusion might induce the production of OFR, resulting in lipid peroxidation injury, especially to intestinal mucosa, and resulting in disruption of mucosal barrier function followed by endotoxemia and BT.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE To examine whether there is generation of oxygen free radicals (OFR) and lipid peroxidation of cell membrane after volume replacement for burn shock, and to study the relationship between OFR injury and enterogenous endotoxemia. METHODS Forty-seven burn patients were involved in this study. Among them, 18 had delayed fluid resuscitation (DR) and the others had early fluid resuscitation (ER) within 6 hours postburn. Sixty-six gnotobiotic rats were used in a collaborating experiment as burn models. They were divided into 4 groups: sham injury (n = 6), early resuscitation (n = 24), late resuscitation (n = 24) and vitamins E and C treatment group (n = 12). All the rats, except those in the sham injury group, were inflicted with 40% total body surface area (TBSA) third-degree burns. OFR was determined in the blood of patients with electron spin resonance (ESR). S/W ratio and tau c values of patients' erythrocytes were measured with ESR spectrometer. Blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) activities, malondialdehyde contents and plasma endotoxin levels were assayed. Rats were sacrificed at the 12th, 24th, 48th and 72nd hour after injury. Plasma endotoxin levels, mucosal SOD, GSHPx and malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as diamine oxidase activity of ileum were determined. Cultures of mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), liver, spleen, heart, lung, kidney and blood were done. RESULTS A significant increase in blood OFR contents and plasma MDA, and a significant decline in blood SOD and GSHPx were found after resuscitation in DR group as compared with those in ER group. Both strong to weak spectra component (S/W) ratio and tau c value were higher in DR group in contrast with those in ER group. Higher elevation in plasma endotoxin level in DR group was seen. In DR group, plasma MDA content was correlated with S/W ratio, tau c value and plasma endotoxin level. In rats, the level of mucosal MDA, plasma endotoxin and incidence of bacterial translocation (BT) were significantly higher. Mucosal SOD, GSHPx and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity were significantly lower in DR group as compared with those in ER group. In DR group, mucosal MDA content was negatively correlated with mucosal DAO activity, while the latter was negatively correlated with BT. After treatment with vitamins E and C, mucosal MDA content decreased, plasma endotoxin and BT significantly declined and mucosal DAO heightened. CONCLUSIONS Tissue reperfusion might induce the production of OFR, resulting in lipid peroxidation injury, especially to intestinal mucosa, and resulting in disruption of mucosal barrier function followed by endotoxemia and BT.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors showed that small HCC resection, re-resection, and cytoreduction followed by sequential resection is the best treatment in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis, the 5-year survival after resection being 62.1%.
Abstract: In the author's institution, 2254 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been treated during 1958-1994. The overall 5-year survival increased from 5.4% (1958-1970), to 11.9% (1971-1982), to 46.2% (1983-1984), which correlated well with the increasing proportion of small HCC in the series (2.6%, 12.1%, and 33.4%, respectively); with the increasing percentage of limited resection (3.1%, 32.2%, and 58.3%); with the increasing number of re-resections for recurrence (0, 27, and 114 patients); and with the increasing number of second stage resections (0, 5, and 67 patients). In our institution, surgical approaches that resulted in significantly prolonging survival included: small HCC resection, re-resection, and cytoreduction followed by sequential resection for initially unresectable HCC. Experience in these 3 aspects suggests: (a) Small HCCs are mainly found by screening using AFP and ultrasonography (US) in a high risk population, and limited resection is the best treatment in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis, the 5-year survival after resection being 62.9% (n = 549). (b) Postoperative monitoring using AFP/US every 2-3 months for 5-10 years after curative resection is needed to detect subclinical recurrence. Limited re-resection is indicated for liver recurrence less than 3 nodules, and lung lobectomy is of proven merit to prolong survival for solitary lung metastasis. Re-resection of subclinical recurrence has resulted in a 10-20% further increase in 5-year survival after curative resection. (c) Palliative surgery other than resection such as hepatic artery ligation (HAL) and cannulation with arterial infusion (HAI), cryosurgery, etc. are superior to palliative resection with residual cancer. (d) Cytoreduction and sequential resection have provided hope for localized unresectable HCC, particularly in the right cirrhotic liver. Multimodality combination treatments such as HAL+HAI+radioimmunotherapy/regional radiotherapy are acceptable cytoreductive therapies. Repeated transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an alternative nonsurgical approach. Sequential resection is important to eradicate residual cancer after cytoreduction. The 5-year survival of 72 patients with cytoreduction and sequential resection for initially unresectable HCC was 62.1% and resulted in improving 5-year survival in the entire series of unresectable HCC over the 3 periods from 0% to 7.4% to 25.7%, respectively. However, multicentric origin and tumor invasiveness are two major targets to be studied in the control of recurrence and metastasis.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors search for new particles that decay into b{ovr b} and are produced with W bosons in p{ov r p} collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV.
Abstract: We search for new particles that decay into b{ovr b} and are produced with W bosons in p{ovr p} collisions at sqrt[s] = 1.8 TeV. The search uses 109 {+-} 7 pb{sup -1} accumulated by the CDF experiment at Fermilab. We select events with an e{nu} or {mu}{nu}, and two jets, one of the b tagged. The number of events and the two-jet mass distribution are consistent with expectations. Using W+Higgs production as a model for the acceptance, we set an upper limit on the production cross section times branching ratio for the new particle ranging from 14 to 19 pb (95% C.L.) as the particle mass varies from 70 to 120 GeV/c{sup 2}.
TL;DR: In this article, the superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+x (Bi-2212) phase has been deposited by halide CVD on two different substrate materials, MgO(001) and SrTiO3(001).
TL;DR: In this article, a pure carbon precursor, C60, was used for laser-induced carbon film deposition and was obtained on Si and SiO2 substrates upon ArF excimer laser induced fragmentation of gas phase C60.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the properties of six-jet events at the Fermilab proton-antiproton collider operating at a center-of-mass energy of 1.8 TeV.
Abstract: We describe the properties of six-jet events, with the six-jet mass exceeding 520GeV/c{sup 2}, produced at the Fermilab proton-antiproton collider operating at a center-of-mass energy of 1.8 TeV. Observed distributions for a set of 20 multijet variables are compared with predictions from the HERWIG QCD parton shower Monte Carlo program, the NJETS leading order QCD matrix element Monte Carlo program, and a phase-space model in which six-jet events are distributed uniformly over the kinematically allowed region of the six-body phase space. In general the QCD predictions provide a good description of the observed six-jet distributions. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
28 Jul 1997
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In the author's institution, surgical approaches that resulted in significantly prolonging survival included: small HCC resection, re-resection, and cytoreduction followed by sequential resection for initially unresectable HCC.
Abstract: In the author's institution, 2254 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been treated during 1958-1994. The overall 5-year survival increased from 5.4% (1958-1970), to 11.9% (1971-1982), to 46.2% (1983-1984), which correlated well with the increasing proportion of small HCC in the series (2.6%, 12.1%, and 33.4%, respectively); with the increasing percentage of limited resection (3.1%, 32.2%, and 58.3%); with the increasing number of re-resections for recurrence (0, 27, and 114 patients); and with the increasing number of second stage resections (0, 5, and 67 patients). In our institution, surgical approaches that resulted in significantly prolonging survival included: small HCC resection, re-resection, and cytoreduction followed by sequential resection for initially unresectable HCC. Experience in these 3 aspects suggests: (a) Small HCCs are mainly found by screening using AFP and ultrasonography (US) in a high risk population, and limited resection is the best treatment in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis, the 5-year survival after resection being 62.9% (n = 549). (b) Postoperative monitoring using AFP/US every 2-3 months for 5-10 years after curative resection is needed to detect subclinical recurrence. Limited re-resection is indicated for liver recurrence less than 3 nodules, and lung lobectomy is of proven merit to prolong survival for solitary lung metastasis. Re-resection of subclinical recurrence has resulted in a 10-20% further increase in 5-year survival after curative resection. (c) Palliative surgery other than resection such as hepatic artery ligation (HAL) and cannulation with arterial infusion (HAI), cryosurgery, etc. are superior to palliative resection with residual cancer. (d) Cytoreduction and sequential resection have provided hope for localized unresectable HCC, particularly in the right cirrhotic liver. Multimodality combination treatments such as HAL+HAI+radioimmunotherapy/regional radiotherapy are acceptable cytoreductive therapies. Repeated transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an alternative nonsurgical approach. Sequential resection is important to eradicate residual cancer after cytoreduction. The 5-year survival of 72 patients with cytoreduction and sequential resection for initially unresectable HCC was 62.1% and resulted in improving 5-year survival in the entire series of unresectable HCC over the 3 periods from 0% to 7.4% to 25.7%, respectively. However, multicentric origin and tumor invasiveness are two major targets to be studied in the control of recurrence and metastasis.
TL;DR: It was concluded that the Im-cyt c had undergone a rearrangement of several regions forming the heme pocket of the protein, and the hydrogen-bond network in theheme cavity was affected by the substitution.
Abstract: The infrared spectra of 3mM solutions of horse heart cytochrome c were recorded as a function of pD(corresponding to acid high spin form, acidic low spin form, native form, lysine form, the so-termed “strained lysine form” as well as the so-termed “A state” of cytochrome c). An analysis of the pH-induced changes in the secondary structure was performed based on changes in the conformation-sensitive amide I bands of this protein. In lysine and strained lysine forms, the contents of random structure increase at the expense of α-helix. In acidic low. spin form (pH4–2.5), cytochrome c was almost unfolded. The proportion of α-helix had a substantial decrease while the contents of both random structure and 310-helices got a rise. In acidic high spin form (when pH is below 2.5), a further decrease of pD gave no rise to a continued unfolding in cytochrome c but made it refold to the “A state” with properties similar to those of a molten globular state. Adding enough KC1 to the cytochrome c solution(pD2.2...