K. G. Suslova

Bio: K. G. Suslova is an academic researcher from University of Utah. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Radiation protection. The author has an hindex of 18, co-authored 48 publications receiving 1125 citations.

Mayak Worker Study: An Improved Biokinetic Model for Reconstructing Doses from Internally Deposited Plutonium

Abstract: Leggett, R. W., Eckerman, K. F., Khokhryakov, V. F., Suslova, K. G., Krahenbuhl, M. P. and Miller, S. C. Mayak Worker Study: An Improved Biokinetic Model for Reconstructing Doses from Internally Deposited Plutonium. Radiat. Res. 164, 111–122 (2005). The plutonium production facility known as the Mayak Production Association was put into operation in June 1948. A high incidence of cancer in the Mayak workers has been related to the level of exposure to plutonium, but uncertainties in tissue doses have hampered development of dose–risk relationships. As part of an effort to improve dose estimates for these workers, the systemic biokinetic model for plutonium currently recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) has been modified to reflect recently developed data and facilitate interpretation of case-specific information. This paper describes the proposed model and discusses its implications for dose reconstruction for the Mayak workers.

Mayak worker dosimetry study : An overview

Abstract: The Mayak Production Association (MPA) was the first plutonium production plant in the former Soviet Union. Workers at the MPA were exposed to relatively large internal radiation intakes and external radiation exposures, particularly in the early years of plant operations. This paper describes the updated dosimetry database, Doses-2005. Doses-2005 represents a significant improvement in the determination of absorbed organ dose from external radiation and plutonium intake for the original cohort of 18,831 Mayak workers. The methods of dose reconstruction of absorbed organ doses from external radiation uses: 1) archive records of measured dose and worker exposure history, 2) measured energy and directional response characteristics of historical Mayak film dosimeters, and 3) calculated dose conversion factors for Mayak Study-defined exposure scenarios using Monte Carlo techniques. The methods of dose reconstruction for plutonium intake uses two revised models developed from empirical data derived from bioassay and autopsy cases and/or updates from prevailing or emerging International Commission on Radiological Protection models. Other sources of potential significant exposure to workers such as medical diagnostic x-rays, ambient onsite external radiation, neutron radiation, intake of airborne effluent, and intake of nuclides other than plutonium were evaluated to determine their impact on the dose estimates.

Liver Cancers in Mayak Workers

Abstract: Gilbert, E. S., Koshurnikova, N. A., Sokolnikov, M., Khokhryakov, V. F., Miller, S., Preston, D. L., Romanov, S. A., Shilnikova, N. S., Suslova, K. G. and Vostrotin, V. V. Liver Cancers in Mayak Workers. Liver cancer mortality risks were evaluated in 11,000 workers who started working at the “Mayak” Production Association in 1948–1958 and who were exposed to both internally deposited plutonium and external γ radiation. Comparisons with Russian liver cancer incidence rates indicate excess risk, especially among those with detectable plutonium body burdens and among female workers in the plutonium plant. Comparisons within the Mayak worker cohort which evaluate the role of plutonium body burden with adjustment for cumulative external dose indicate excess risk among workers with burdens estimated to exceed 7.4 kBq (relative risk = 17; 95% CI = 8.0–36) and among workers in the plutonium plant who did not have routine plutonium monitoring data based on urine measurements (relative risk = 2.8; 95% CI =...

Bone cancers in Mayak workers.

Abstract: Koshurnikova, N. A., Gilbert, E. S., Sokolnikov, M., Khokhryakov, V. F., Miller, S., Preston, D. L., Romanov, S. A., Shilnikova, N. S., Suslova, K. G. and Vostrotin, V. V. Bone Cancers in Mayak Workers. Bone cancer mortality risks were evaluated in 11,000 workers who started working at the “Mayak” Production Association in 1948–1958 and who were exposed to both internally deposited plutonium and external γ radiation. Comparisons with Russian and U.S. general population rates indicate excess mortality, especially among females, plutonium plant workers, and workers with external doses exceeding 1 Sv. Comparisons within the Mayak worker cohort, which evaluate the role of plutonium body burden with adjustment for cumulative external dose, indicate excess mortality among workers with burdens estimated to exceed 7.4 kBq (relative risk = 7.9; 95% CI = 1.6–32) and among workers in the plutonium plant who did not have routine plutonium monitoring data based on urine measurements (relative risk = 4.1; 95% ...

Mayak Worker Dosimetry System 2008 (MWDS-2008): assessment of internal dose from measurement results of plutonium activity in urine.

Abstract: A new modification of the prior human lung compartment plutonium model, Doses-2005, has been described. The modified model was named "Mayak Worker Dosimetry System-2008" (MWDS-2008). In contrast to earlier models developed for workers at the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA), the new model more correctly describes plutonium biokinetics and metabolism in pulmonary lymph nodes. The MWDS-2008 also provides two sets of doses estimates: one based on bioassay data and the other based on autopsy data, where available. The algorithm of internal dose calculation from autopsy data will be described in a separate paper. Results of comparative analyses of Doses-2005 and MWDS-2008 are provided. Perspectives on the further development of plutonium dosimetry are discussed.

sources and effects of ionizing radiation

Abstract: NOTE The report of the Committee without its annexes appears as Official Records of the General Assembly, Sixty-third Session, Supplement No. 46. The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The country names used in this document are, in most cases, those that were in use at the time the data were collected or the text prepared. In other cases, however, the names have been updated, where this was possible and appropriate, to reflect political changes. Scientific Annexes Annex A. Medical radiation exposures Annex B. Exposures of the public and workers from various sources of radiation INTROdUCTION 1. In the course of the research and development for and the application of atomic energy and nuclear technologies, a number of radiation accidents have occurred. Some of these accidents have resulted in significant health effects and occasionally in fatal outcomes. The application of technologies that make use of radiation is increasingly widespread around the world. Millions of people have occupations related to the use of radiation, and hundreds of millions of individuals benefit from these uses. Facilities using intense radiation sources for energy production and for purposes such as radiotherapy, sterilization of products, preservation of foodstuffs and gamma radiography require special care in the design and operation of equipment to avoid radiation injury to workers or to the public. Experience has shown that such technology is generally used safely, but on occasion controls have been circumvented and serious radiation accidents have ensued. 2. Reviews of radiation exposures from accidents have been presented in previous UNSCEAR reports. The last report containing an exclusive chapter on exposures from accidents was the UNSCEAR 1993 Report [U6]. 3. This annex is aimed at providing a sound basis for conclusions regarding the number of significant radiation accidents that have occurred, the corresponding levels of radiation exposures and numbers of deaths and injuries, and the general trends for various practices. Its conclusions are to be seen in the context of the Committee's overall evaluations of the levels and effects of exposure to ionizing radiation. 4. The Committee's evaluations of public, occupational and medical diagnostic exposures are mostly concerned with chronic exposures of …

iArc monogrAphs on the evAluAtion oF cArcinogenic risks to humAns

Abstract: pReVIously ClAssIfIed by IARC As “CARCInogenIC to humAns (gRoup 1)” And wAs deVeloped by sIx sepARAte woRkIng gRoups: phARmACeutICAls; bIologICAl Agents; ARsenIC, metAls, fIbRes, And dusts; RAdIAtIon; peRsonAl hAbIts And IndooR CombustIons; ChemICAl Agents And RelAted oCCupAtIons. thIs Volume 100f CoVeRs ChemICAl Agents And RelAted oCCupAtIons, speCIfICAlly 4-AmInobIphenyl, benzIdIne, dyes metAbolIzed to benzIdIne, 4,4’-methylenebIs(2-ChloRoAnIlIne), 2-nAphthylAmIne, oRtho-toluIdIne, AuRAmIne And AuRAmIne pRoduCtIon, mAgentA And mAgentA pRoduCtIon, benzo[A]pyRene, CoAl gAsIfICAtIon, oCCupAtIonAl exposuRes duRIng CoAl-tAR dIstIllAtIon, CoAl-tAR pItCh, Coke pRoduCtIon, untReAted oR mIldly tReAted mIneRAl oIls, shAle oIls, soot, As found In oCCupAtIonAl exposuRe of ChImney-sweeps, oCCupAtIonAl exposuRes duRIng AlumInIum pRoduCtIon, AflAtoxIns, benzene, bIs(ChloRomethyl)etheR And ChloRomethyl methyl etheR, 1,3-butAdIene, 2,3,7,8-tetRAChloRodIbenzo-pARA-dIoxIn, 2,3,4,7,8-pentAChloRodIbenzofuRAn, And 3,3’,4,4’,5-pentAChloRobIphenyl, ethylene oxIde, foRmAldehyde, sulfuR mustARd, VInyl ChloRIde, IsopRopyl AlCohol mAnufACtuRe by the stRong-ACId pRoCess, mIsts fRom stRong InoRgAnIC ACIds, oCCupAtIonAl exposuRes duRIng IRon And steel foundIng, oCCupAtIonAl exposuRe As A pAInteR, oCCupAtIonAl exposuRes In the RubbeR mAnufACtuRIng IndustRy. beCAuse the sCope of Volume 100 Is so bRoAd, Its monogRAphs ARe foCused on key InfoRmAtIon. eACh monogRAph pResents A desCRIptIon of A CARCInogenIC Agent And how people ARe exposed, CRItICAl oVeRVIews of the epIdemIologICAl studIes And AnImAl CAnCeR bIoAssAys, And A ConCIse ReVIew of the Agent’s toxICokInetICs, plAusIble meChAnIsms of CARCInogenesIs, And potentIAlly susCeptIble populAtIons, And lIfe-stAges. detAIls of the desIgn And Results of IndIVIduAl epIdemIologICAl studIes And AnImAl CAnCeR bIoAssAys ARe summARIzed In tAbles. shoRt tAbles thAt hIghlIght key Results ARe pRInted In Volume 100, And moRe extensIVe tAbles thAt InClude All studIes AppeAR on the monogRAphs pRogRAmme websIte (http://monogRAphs.IARC.fR). It Is hoped thAt thIs Volume, by CompIlIng the knowledge ACCumulAted thRough seVeRAl deCAdes of CAnCeR ReseARCh, wIll stImulAte CAnCeR pReVentIon ACtIVItIes woRldwIde, And wIll be A VAlued ResouRCe foR futuRe ReseARCh to IdentIfy otheR Agents suspeCted of CAusIng CAnCeR In humAns. D es ig n by A ude la d es m ot s

A Review and Update on Cholangiocarcinoma

Abstract: Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignant neoplasm arising from the biliary epithelium that was first described by Durand-Fardel in 1840. Today, it continues to defy diagnosis and treatment. It is difficult to diagnose in part because of its relative rarity, and because it is clinically silent until it becomes advanced disease with obstructive symptoms. The worldwide incidence of cholangiocarcinoma has risen over the past three decades. There is marked geographic variability in the prevalence of this disease, due in large part to regional environmental risk factors. Surgical resection remains the only curative treatment, and high priorities are improving diagnostic methods, and clinical staging for resection once the disease is suspected. A recent trend towards aggressive surgical management has improved outcomes. Chemotherapy, palliative stenting, and radiation are reserved for patients who are not resectable, those with recurrence after surgery, and those who decline surgical intervention. Recent trials using combination systemic chemotherapy and neoadjuvant chemoradiation are promising, but require further study. Over the past five years, several important studies have yielded new insights into the molecular mechanisms of cholangiocarcinoma tumorigenesis. In this review we discuss epidemiology, etiologic factors, molecular pathogenesis, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of cholangiocarcinoma. Particular focus is on recent studies into the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of the disease, recent chemotherapy trials, and newer methods of staging and screening for this devastating malignancy.

Contents, preface, executive summary, chapters 1 and 2

Abstract: GUEST EDITORIAL PREFACE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CONSIDERATION Introduction Inferences based on acute doses in the moderate-to-high dose range Estimation of risk at low doses and low dose rates Thresholds vs. the linear, no-threshold theory Conclusion: Implications for low-dose cancer risk LOW-DOSE RISK BIOLOGY Introduction Damage caused by radiation Damage Response Pathways Fidelity of DSB repair Impact of defects in DNA repair, checkpoint control and apoptosis Conclusions CELLULAR CONSEQUENCES OF RADIATION-INDUCED DAMAGE Radiation- induced Chromosome Aberrations Radiation-Induced Somatic Cell Mutations Adaptive Response, Genomic Instability and Bystander Effect Conclusions: Implications for Risk Assessment CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS OF IONIZING RADIATION Mechanisms of radiation-induced cancer Tissue Modifying Factors Radiation-induced Cancer in Animals Life Shortening Summary Conclusions: Implications for radiation-related cancer at low doses QUANTITATIVE UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS Overview Sources of uncertainty Allowing for the uncertain possibility of a threshold Conclusions CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES