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K. Indira

Bio: K. Indira is an academic researcher from Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research. The author has contributed to research in topics: Corrosion & Titanium. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 16 publications receiving 413 citations. Previous affiliations of K. Indira include Anna University & National Institute for Materials Science.

Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the influence of anodization parameters on the formation of tubes, tube dimensions, formation mechanism, properties of TiO2 nanotubes (TNT), and their applications in biomedical field are reviewed.
Abstract: In this article, influence of anodization parameters on the formation of tubes, tube dimensions, formation mechanism, properties of TiO2 nanotubes (TNT), and their applications in biomedical field are reviewed. The fabrication of TNT of a different shape such as pore size, length, and wall thickness by varying anodization parameters including electrolytes, pH, voltage, electrolyte bath temperature, and current density is examined and discussed. The crystallographic nature of the nanotube obtained by various methods has also been discussed. Finally, the article concludes by examining the key properties including the corrosion aspect and various applications in biomedical field in depth.

183 citations

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TL;DR: Light is shed on the anti-cancer potential of ZnO and CeO2 NPs on MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells through differential ROS production pathways, describing the potential role of greener synthesis.
Abstract: In the present scenario, the synthesis and characterization of zinc oxide (ZnO) and cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles (NPs) through biological routes using green reducing agents are quite interesting to explore various biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, particularly for the treatment of cancer. This study was focused on the phytosynthesis of ZnO and CeO2 NPs using the leaf extract of Rubia cordifolia L. The active principles present in the plant extract were liable for rapid reduction of Zn and Ce ions to metallic nanocrystals. ZnO and CeO2 NPs were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX), and photoluminescence (PL) techniques. ZnO and CeO2 NPs were partially agglomerated with a net-like structure. Biomedical activities of ZnO and CeO2 NPs were tested against MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells using MTT and reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantification assays. In treated cells, loss of cell membrane integrity, oxidative stress, and apoptosis was observed and it is well correlated with cellular damage immediately after induction. Overall, this study shed light on the anti-cancer potential of ZnO and CeO2 NPs on MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells through differential ROS production pathways, describing the potential role of greener synthesis.

102 citations

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TL;DR: A review of surface modification techniques for Ti and its alloys including mechanical methods, chemical and electrochemical treatment, thermal spraying, sol-gel, and ion implantation towards the field of biomedical engineering is presented in this paper.
Abstract: Titanium (Ti) and its alloys are being used in biomedical field owing to their low elastic modulus, good fatigue strength and formability, and corrosion resistance. However, they are still not sufficient for long-term clinical usage as they are bio-inert and they cannot bond to living bone directly at the early stage after implantation into a human body. Their surfaces play an important role in response to the artificial devices in a biological environment; for these materials to meet the clinical demands, it is necessary to modify their surface. The corrosion resistance and biological properties of Ti and its alloys can be improved selectively by using the appropriate surface modification techniques while the desirable bulk attributes of the materials are retained. The proper surface treatment expands the use of these materials in the biomedical field. This article reviews the various surface modification techniques for Ti and its alloys including mechanical methods, chemical and electrochemical treatment, thermal spraying, sol–gel, and ion implantation towards the field of biomedical engineering. A positive effect of various surface modification techniques is illustrated in this review as suggested by many research groups. Also, this article includes the corrosion behavior of surface-modified Ti and its alloys for biomedical applications.

65 citations

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TL;DR: In this article, the formation of titania nanopores on titanium substrate was investigated in aqueous (sulphuric acid) and neutral organic (glycerol) electrolytes containing different concentrations of HF.

56 citations

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TL;DR: In this article, the phase structure, surface morphology and elemental composition of the untreated, anodized heat treated and anodised heat treated titanium specimens immersed in Hank's solution for seven days were characterized using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive Xray spectroscopy techniques, respectively.

55 citations


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TL;DR: Novel outcomes of green synthesis in the field of nanotechnology are appreciable where the synthesis and design of NPs have proven potential outcomes in diverse fields.
Abstract: Background: Nanotechnology explores a variety of promising approaches in the area of material sciences on a molecular level, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are of leading interest in the present scenario This review is a comprehensive contribution in the field of green synthesis, characterization, and biological activities of AgNPs using different biological sources Methods: Biosynthesis of AgNPs can be accomplished by physical, chemical, and green synthesis; however, synthesis via biological precursors has shown remarkable outcomes In available reported data, these entities are used as reducing agents where the synthesized NPs are characterized by ultraviolet-visible and Fourier-transform infrared spectra and X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy Results: Modulation of metals to a nanoscale drastically changes their chemical, physical, and optical properties, and is exploited further via antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antioxidant, and cardioprotective activities Results showed excellent growth inhibition of the microorganism Conclusion: Novel outcomes of green synthesis in the field of nanotechnology are appreciable where the synthesis and design of NPs have proven potential outcomes in diverse fields The study of green synthesis can be extended to conduct the in silco and in vitro research to confirm these findings

295 citations

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TL;DR: A thorough understanding of the mechanisms of green synthesis and high-throughput screening of stabilizing/capping agents on the physico-chemical properties of GNPs is warranted to realize the full potential of green nanotechnology.
Abstract: The ability of organisms and organic compounds to reduce metal ions and stabilize them into nanoparticles (NPs) forms the basis of green synthesis. To date, synthesis of NPs from various metal ions using a diverse array of plant extracts has been reported. However, a clear understanding of the mechanism of green synthesis of NPs is lacking. Although most studies have neglected to analyze the green-synthesized NPs (GNPs) for the presence of compounds derived from the extract, several studies have demonstrated the conjugation of sugars, secondary metabolites, and proteins in these biogenic NPs. Despite several reports on the bioactivities (antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, catalytic, etc.) of GNPs, only a handful of studies have compared these activities with their chemically synthesized counterparts. These comparisons have demonstrated that GNPs possess better bioactivities than NPs synthesized by other methods, which might be attributed to the presence of plant-derived compounds in these NPs. The ability of NPs to bind with organic compounds to form a stable complex has huge potential in the harvesting of precious molecules and for drug discovery, if harnessed meticulously. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms of green synthesis and high-throughput screening of stabilizing/capping agents on the physico-chemical properties of GNPs is warranted to realize the full potential of green nanotechnology.

274 citations

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TL;DR: The aim is to synthesis the cerium oxide nanoparticles using different sources and applications, including medical applications and toxicity studies, and to demonstrate the ability of these particles to be incorporated into nanofiltration membranes.

270 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review mainly highlights the wide-scale fabrication of NPs via green synthesis for biomedical and agricultural applications, and summarizes the present information regarding the biological methods which are employed to fabricate greener, safer, and environmentally sustainable nanosynthesis routes.

223 citations