K. Loganathan

Bio: K. Loganathan is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Mechanics & Nanofluid. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 37 publications receiving 172 citations.

Entropy Analysis of Sutterby Nanofluid Flow over a Riga Sheet with Gyrotactic Microorganisms and Cattaneo–Christov Double Diffusion

Abstract: In this article, a Riga plate is exhibited with an electric magnetization actuator consisting of permanent magnets and electrodes assembled alternatively. This exhibition produces electromagnetic hydrodynamic phenomena over a fluid flow. A new study model is formed with the Sutterby nanofluid flow through the Riga plate, which is crucial to the structure of several industrial and entering advancements, including thermal nuclear reactors, flow metres and nuclear reactor design. This article addresses the entropy analysis of Sutterby nanofluid flow over the Riga plate. The Cattaneo–Christov heat and mass flux were used to examine the behaviour of heat and mass relaxation time. The bioconvective motile microorganisms and nanoparticles are taken into consideration. The system of equations for the current flow problems is converted from a highly non-linear partial system to an ordinary system through an appropriate transformation. The effect of the obtained variables on velocity, temperature, concentration and motile microorganism distributions are elaborated through the plots in detail. Further, the velocity distribution is enhanced for a greater Deborah number value and it is reduced for a higher Reynolds number for the two cases of pseudoplastic and dilatant flows. Microorganism distribution decreases with the increased magnitude of Peclet number, Bioconvection Lewis number and microorganism concentration difference number. Two types of graphical outputs are presented for the Sutterby fluid parameter (β = −2.5, β = 2.5). Finally, the validation of the present model is achieved with the previously available literature.

Analytical and numerical investigation of Darcy-Forchheimer flow of a nonlinear-radiative non-Newtonian fluid over a Riga plate with entropy optimization

Abstract: The effects of the Riga plate flow of Williamson fluid with a Darcy-Forchheimer medium and suction/injection are explained in this study. Convective heat and mass circumstances are considered. The energy and concentration equations are developed using Catteneo-Christov dual theory. The heat transfer attributes are analyzed via heat consumption/generation. To estimate total entropy creation, the second law of thermodynamics is applied. The governed mathematical models are transmuted into an ODE model by adopting befitting variables. The MATLAB bvp4c algorithm and the HAM scheme are used to solve these problems numerically and analytically. Novel attributes of various physical parameters are debated through graphs, charts and tables. The fluid flow speed decelerates when enlarging the Weissenberg number and porosity parameters. The fluid temperature enriches when enhancing the radiation parameter. The chemical reaction parameter leads to suppresses the fluid concentration. The higher quantity of heat consumption/generation parameter enriches the heat transfer gradient. The mass transfer gradient accelerates due to more presence of the chemical reaction parameter. We also compared numerical and analytical results and found them in good agreement. When the values of the radiation parameter, Brinkman number, and Reynolds number are increased, the entropy generation increases. The Bejan number downturns when enlarging the modified Hartmann number.

Bioconvection effect in the Carreau nanofluid with Cattaneo–Christov heat flux using stagnation point flow in the entropy generation: Micromachines level study

Abstract: Abstract The addition of gyrotactic microbes in the nanoparticles is essential to embellish the thermal efficiency of many systems such as microbial fuel cells, bacteria-powered micro-mixers, micro-volumes like microfluidics devices, enzyme biosensor, and chip-shaped microdevices like bio-microsystems. This analysis investigates the second law analysis in the bioconvection flow of a Carreau nanoliquid through a convectively stretching surface. The heat transports characteristics encountered with Cattaneo–Christove heat flux and thermal radiation. The Buongiorno model is used for nanoliquid, which comprises the Brownian motion and thermophoretic. The appropriate transformation is invoked to change the system of the partial differential equation into ordinary differential equations. Afterward, these equations are classified analytically with the help of the homotopy analysis method. The influence of numerous physical variables is interpreted and elaborated via graphs. The tabular result shows the numerical consequences of different physical flow parameters. It is examined that a more significant Weissenber number We {\rm{We}} results in deprecation in the velocity field. It is appraised that the temperature profile reduces to augment the value of thermal relaxation time. Justification of the current work has existed through previous publishing results. The utilization of Carreau nanoparticles in the shear rate-dependent viscous fluid is of significant importance due to their potential to improve heat and mass transmission.

Investigation on Thermally Radiative Mixed Convective Flow of Carbon Nanotubes/Al2O3 Nanofluid in Water Past a Stretching Plate with Joule Heating and Viscous Dissipation

Abstract: The nature of this prevailing inquisition is to scrutinize the repercussion of MHD mixed convective flow of CNTs/Al2O3 nanofluid in water past a heated stretchy plate with injection/suction, heat consumption and radiation. The Joule heating and viscous dissipation are included in our investigation. The Navier–Stokes equations are implemented to frame the governing flow expressions. These flow expressions are non-dimensioned by employing suitable transformations. The converted flow expressions are computed numerically by applying the MATLAB bvp4c procedure and analytically by the HAM scheme. The impacts of relevant flow factors on fluid velocity, fluid temperature, skin friction coefficient, and local Nusselt number are illustrated via graphs, tables and charts. It is unequivocally shown that the fluid speed declines when escalating the size of the magnetic field parameter; however, it is enhanced by strengthening the Richardson number. The fluid warmness shows a rising pattern when enriching the Biot number and heat consumption/generation parameter. The findings conclusively demonstrate that the surface drag force improves for a larger scale of Richardson number and is suppressed when heightening the unsteady parameter. In addition, it is evident from the outcomes that the heat transfer gradient decreases to increase the quantity of the Eckert number in the convective heating case; however, the opposite nature is obtained in the convective cooling case. Our numerical results are novel, unique and applied in microfluid devices such as micro-instruments, sleeve electrodes, nerve growth electrodes, etc.

Analysis of Convection Phenomenon in Enclosure Utilizing Nanofluids with Baffle Effects

Abstract: The behavior of convective heat transfer in an enclosure filled with Cu–water nanofluid with a baffle has been numerically studied using the finite element method. The enclosure’s top and bottom walls were adiabatic, while the other two were maintained at various temperatures. The left hot wall had an effective thickness and a baffle was added to the bottom wall. The influence of different parameters like the nanoparticle’s concentration (ϕ), Rayleigh number (Ra), the thermal conductivity ratio of the thick wall (Kr), baffle angle (Ø), and the hot wall thickness (D) on the isotherm and fluid flow patterns were examined. The result showed that the average Nusselt number was enhanced, owing to the strength of the buoyancy force becoming more effective. Furthermore, as the baffle inclination angle increased, the maximum stream function at the core corresponded to the angle when it reached Ø=60°, then it gradually decreased to the minimum value as the baffle angle reached close to Ø=120°.

Entropy Analysis of Sutterby Nanofluid Flow over a Riga Sheet with Gyrotactic Microorganisms and Cattaneo–Christov Double Diffusion

Abstract: In this article, a Riga plate is exhibited with an electric magnetization actuator consisting of permanent magnets and electrodes assembled alternatively. This exhibition produces electromagnetic hydrodynamic phenomena over a fluid flow. A new study model is formed with the Sutterby nanofluid flow through the Riga plate, which is crucial to the structure of several industrial and entering advancements, including thermal nuclear reactors, flow metres and nuclear reactor design. This article addresses the entropy analysis of Sutterby nanofluid flow over the Riga plate. The Cattaneo–Christov heat and mass flux were used to examine the behaviour of heat and mass relaxation time. The bioconvective motile microorganisms and nanoparticles are taken into consideration. The system of equations for the current flow problems is converted from a highly non-linear partial system to an ordinary system through an appropriate transformation. The effect of the obtained variables on velocity, temperature, concentration and motile microorganism distributions are elaborated through the plots in detail. Further, the velocity distribution is enhanced for a greater Deborah number value and it is reduced for a higher Reynolds number for the two cases of pseudoplastic and dilatant flows. Microorganism distribution decreases with the increased magnitude of Peclet number, Bioconvection Lewis number and microorganism concentration difference number. Two types of graphical outputs are presented for the Sutterby fluid parameter (β = −2.5, β = 2.5). Finally, the validation of the present model is achieved with the previously available literature.

A case study of heat transmission in a Williamson fluid flow through a ciliated porous channel: A semi-numerical approach

Abstract: Williamson fluid with cilia motion helps to understand the non-Newtonian fluids' rheological characteristics and get better heat transmission rates. Thus, the current problem is intended to semi-numerically discuss the heat transmission in Williamson fluid flow through a ciliated channel under a Magnetic field and Porous Medium. Mathematical modeling of the intended problem complicates the PDE system in viscous dissipation. The complex system of PDEs is transformed from wave to fixed frame under the low Reynolds number and long wavelength approximation. Differential Transform Method (DTM) has been incorporated as an efficient semi-numerical technique to solve these dimensionless coupled nonlinear partial differential equations. The existence of a solution has been established with the DTM, and the outcomes of the boundary layer distribution are found in mathematical and graphical forms. The pertinent parameters are analyzed through graphs which are plotted by the software “Mathematica.” The current investigation suggests that the conduction process escalates heat transfer through the molecules of the liquid. It is further noticed that enhancing the values of Darcy's parameter magnitude of the velocity profile rises due to an increase in the number of pores. Finally, the present study will provide significant applications in bioengineering, medical sciences, and medical equipment for the clearance of viscoelastic fluid from dust and viruses.

Investigating the effects of using MgO-CuO/water hybrid nanofluid in an evacuated solar water collector: A comprehensive survey

Abstract: In this work, the effects of utilizing MgO-CuO/water nanofluid on the energetic and exergetic performances of a heat pipe evacuated solar water collector have been analyzed experimentally. In this regard, two identical heat pipe evacuated solar water collectors have been installed. In the first system, deionized water has been utilized. In the second collector, newly prepared nanofluid have been used and both collectors have been tested under the same climatic conditions at three flow rates containing 0.016, 0.033 and 0.050 kg/s. According to the experimentally obtained outcomes, mean thermal efficiencies of the system using deionized water were obtained between 49.62-56.18%. Also, average thermal efficiencies of the system with MgO-CuO/water as working fluid were obtained between 69.89-77.21%. Average sustainability index values were attained in the range of 1.0271-1.0676 for both investigated systems. Moreover, utilizing hybrid nanofluid in the system reduced the payback period between 25.14-27.74%. The yearly CO2 savings for the system with and without nanofluid were attained between 0.307-0.343 and 0.217-0.251 ton/year, respectively. General outcomes of this study exhibited notable effects of utilizing MgO-CuO/water on improving the thermal performance of the heat pipe evacuated solar water collector.

Magnetized Cross Tetra Hybrid Nanofluid Passed a Stenosed Artery with Nonuniform Heat Source (Sink) and Thermal Radiation: Novel Tetra Hybrid Tiwari and Das Nanofluid Model

Abstract: Researchers around the planet are attempted to explore the influence of various non-Newtonian fluids with the mono and dihybrid nanoparticles in the status of blood flowing arteries to investigate the heat transference aspect for the cure of various diseases. Current examination is created to investigate the effect of extended novel tetra hybrid Tiwari and Das nanofluid model on blood flow arteries with consideration of Cross non-Newtonian fluid model. Heat transference assessment has been taken with the insertion of impacts like heat source/sink, viscous dissipation, Joules heating as well as nonlinear thermal radiation. PDE are designed to investigate the momentum of blood flowing and temperature analysis. The governing PDE are converted into ODE with the application of similarity conversions and furthermore managed these ODE numerically with the utilization of MATLAB builtin bvp4c scheme. The obtained outcomes are studied numerically as well as graphically in the case of diverse dimensionless variables ranges between 0.5≤M≤2, 0.1≤We≤4, 0.1≤n≤1.5, 0.1≤γ≤2, 0.5≤Rd≤2, 19≤Pr≤22, 0.1≤θw≤1.5, 0.1≤Ec≤2.1, 0.5≤U≤2, 0.5≤W≤2 versus velocity, temperature, wall frictional factor and heat transition rate. From obtained outcomes it is reflected that the surface drag phenomenon weakens by the boost of a Weissenberg number and an increment variation in magneto force provides a resistance against the fluid flow. Temperature within the arteries intensifies by the advantage of a thermal radiation and viscous dissipation.

Heat and mass transfer of generalized fourier and Fick's law for second-grade fluid flow at slendering vertical Riga sheet

Abstract: In this analysis, the generalized Fourier and Fick's law for Second-grade fluid flow at a slendering vertical Riga sheet is examined along with thermophoresis and Brownian motion effects. Boundary layer approximations in terms of PDE's (Partial Differential Equations) are used to build the mathematical model. An appropriate transformation has been developed by using the Lie symmetry method. PDE's (Partial Differential Equations) are transformed into ODE's (Ordinary Differential Equations) by implementing the suitable transformation. A numerical method called bvp4c is used to explain the dimensionless system (ODE's). Graphs and tables are used to interpret the impact of the significant physical parameters. The curves of temperature function declined due to enchanting the values of the thermophoresis Parameter. The temperature is produced at a low level due to enchanting the values of thermophoresis because this force transports burn at a low 10 μm diameter so the temperature becomes lessor. Increments of thermophoresis parameter which enhanced the values of concentration Function. As the concentration boundary layer increased which declined the mass transfer due increment in thermophoresis. The curves of temperature function are increasing due to enhancing the values of the Brownian parameter because addition in the Brownian motion, improved the movement of particles ultimately increasing the kinematic energy of fluid which improved the heat transfer phenomena. Increments of Brownian parameter which declined the values of concentration function. Physically, the kinematic energy improved which declined the mass transfer rate near the surface.