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K. Madhava Madyastha

Bio: K. Madhava Madyastha is an academic researcher from Indian Institute of Science. The author has contributed to research in topics: Linalool & Linalyl acetate. The author has an hindex of 10, co-authored 13 publications receiving 374 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Both NADH- and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activities were not significantly changed during the six days of treatment and Oral administration of these two terpenoids did not affect any of the lung-microsomal parameters measured.
Abstract: 1. Metabolites isolated from the urine of rats after oral administration of geraniol (I) were: geranic acid (II), 3-hydroxy-citronellic acid (III), 8-hydroxy-geraniol (IV), 8-carboxy-geraniol (V) and Hildebrandt acid (VI). 2. Metabolites isolated from urine of rats after oral administration of linalool (VII) were 8-hydroxy-linalool (VIII) and 8-carboxy-linalool (IX). 3. After three days of feeding rats with either geraniol or linalool, liver-microsomal cytochrome P-450 was increased. Both NADH- and NADPH-cytochrome c reductase activities were not significantly changed during the six days of treatment. 4. Oral administration of these two terpenoids did not affect any of the lung-microsomal parameters measured.

97 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It appears that a PB induced cytochrome P-450 catalysed reactive metabolite(s) may be responsible for the hepatotoxicity caused by pulegone.

45 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Rat lung microsomes were shown to ω-hydroxylate acyclic monoterpene alcohols in the presence of NADPH and O2 and hydroxylation was specific to the C-8 position in geraniol and has a pH optimum of 7.8.

41 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Aspergillus niger was shown to carry out the regiospecific hydroxylation of acyclic monoterpene alcohols.

36 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Metabolites isolated from the urine of rats after oral administration of beta-myrcene (I) were: 10-hydroxylinalool (II), 7-methyl-3-methylene-oct-6-ene-1,2-diol (IV), 1-Hydroxymethyl-4-isopropenyl cyclohexanol (VI), 10-carboxylinalools (III) and 2-hydroxy-7-methyl
Abstract: 1. Metabolites isolated from the urine of rats after oral administration of β-myrcene (I) were: 10-hydroxylinalool (II), 7-methyl-3-methylene-oct-6-ene-1,2-diol (IV), 1-hydroxymethyl-4-isopropenyl cyclohexanol (VI), 10-carboxylinalool (III) and 2-hydroxy-7-methyl-3-methylene-oct-6-enoic acid (V). 2. Liver microsomes prepared from phenobarbital-treated rats convert β-myrcene (I) to 10-hydroxylinalool (II) in the presence of NADPH and oxygen. NADH neither supported this reaction nor did it show any synergistic effect. The rate of conversion was significantly greater in microsomes prepared from phenobarbital-treated rats than from 3-methylcholanthrene-treated or control microsomal preparations. The formation of 10-hydroxylinalool (II) was inhibited by metyrapone, carbon monoxide, SKF-525A, p-chloromercuric benzoate (\rho-CMB) and cytochrome c. 3. Titration of phenobarbital-induced liver microsomes with \beta -myrcene (I) produced a series of type I difference spectra with peaks around 387-390 nm and troughs around 421-425 nm. The {K_s} for \beta-myrcene was 10.6 \mu M. 4. Administration (four days) of \beta -myrcene (I) to rats did not result in any significant effect on the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes.

36 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Limonoids are highly oxygenated, modified terpenoids with a prototypical structure either containing or derived from a precursor with a 4,4,8-trimethyl-17-furanylsteroid skeleton and their occurrence in the plant kingdom is confined to only plant families of order Rutales.
Abstract: The search for limonoids started long back when scientists started looking for the factor responsible for bitterness in citrus which has negative impact on citrus fruit and juice industry worldwide. The term limonoids was derived from limonin, the first tetranortriterpenoid obtained from citrus bitter principles. Compounds belonging to this group have exhibited a range of biological activities like insecticidal, insect antifeedant and growth regulating activity on insects as well as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, antiviral and a number of other pharmacological activities on humans. Although hundreds of limonoids have been isolated from various plants but, their occurrence in the plant kingdom is confined to only plant families of order Rutales and that too more abundantly in Meliaceae and Rutaceae, and less frequently in Cneoraceae and Harrisonia sp. of Simaroubaceae. Limonoids are highly oxygenated, modified terpenoids with a prototypical structure either containing or derived from a precursor with a 4,4,8-trimethyl-17-furanylsteroid skeleton. All naturally occurring citrus limonoids contain a furan ring attached to the D-ring, at C-17, as well as oxygen containing functional groups at C-3, C-4, C-7, C-16 and C-17. The structural variations of limonoids found in Rutaceae are less than in Meliaceae and are generally limited to the modification of A and B rings, the limonoids of Meliaceae are more complex with very high degree of oxidation and rearrangement exhibited in the parent limonoid structure. To counter the problem of bitterness in citrus juice and products genetic engineering of citrus to maximize the formation of limonoid glucosides for reducing limonoid bitterness is the focus of recent and future research. Regarding the biological activities of limonoids the investigations are to be directed towards detailed characterization, quantification, and designing a simple as well as versatile synthetic route of apparently important limonoids. Extraction methods too should be optimized; evaluation and establishment of pharmaco-dynamic and kinetic principles, and structure activity relationships should be a key goal associated with limonoids so that they can be safely introduced in our arsenal of pharmaceuticals to safeguard the humanity from the wrath of disease and its discomfort.

504 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, as to provide real-time information about concrete mechanical properties such as E-modulus and compressive strength.
Abstract: Natural Science Foundation of China[30000213, 30370160, 30670214]; National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program)[2009CB522300]; Chinese Academy of Sciences

372 citations

01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: The Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (the Panel) is asked to advise the Commission on the implications for human health of chemically defined flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs in the Member States as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The Scientific Panel on Food Additives, Flavourings, Processing Aids and Materials in Contact with Food (the Panel) is asked to advise the Commission on the implications for human health of chemically defined flavouring substances used in or on foodstuffs in the Member States. In particular, the Scientific Panel is asked to evaluate the 47 flavouring substances in this Flavouring Group Evaluation 6, Revision 1 (FGE.06Rev1), using the procedure as referred to in the Commission Regulation EC No 1565/2000. These 47 flavouring substances belong to chemical groups 1 and 4 of Annex I of the Commission Regulation (EC) No 1565/2000.

268 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Feb 1997-Lipids
TL;DR: Farnesol, geraniol, and perillyl alcohol suppress pancreatic tumor growth without significantly affecting blood cholesterol levels, and warrant further investigation for pancreatic cancer prevention and treatment.
Abstract: Fruits and vegetables have protective effects against many human cancers, including pancreatic cancer. Isoprenoids are one class of phytochemicals which have antitumor activity, but little is known about their effects on cancer of the pancreas. We tested the hypothesis that isoprenoids would inhibit the growth of pancreatic tumor cells. Significant (60-90%) inhibition of the anchorage-independent growth of human MIA PaCa2 pancreatic tumor cells was attained with 25 microM farnesol, 25 microM geranylgeraniol, 100 microM perillyl amine, 100 microM geraniol, or 300 microM perillyl alcohol. We then tested the relative in vivo antitumor activities of dietary farnesol, geraniol, and perillyl alcohol against transplanted PC-1 hamster pancreatic adenocarcinomas. Syrian Golden hamsters fed geraniol or farnesol at 20 g/kg diet exhibited complete inhibition of PC-1 pancreatic tumor growth. Both farnesol and geraniol were more potent than perillyl alcohol, which inhibited tumor growth by 50% at 40 g/kg diet. Neither body weights nor plasma cholesterol levels of animals consuming isoprenoid diets were significantly different from those of pair-fed controls. Thus, farnesol, geraniol, and perillyl alcohol suppress pancreatic tumor growth without significantly affecting blood cholesterol levels. These dietary isoprenoids warrant further investigation for pancreatic cancer prevention and treatment.

242 citations