Flyash, ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) and Alccofine are industrial byproduct materials and require large area of land for the safe disposal. These byproducts which are rich in alumina and silica can be value added, by using as binder in geopolymer concrete. The industrial byproducts are activated by NaOH- or KOH-based alkaline solution. Effective utilization of industrial byproducts in the construction industry will reduce the impact on the environment, which is caused due to ordinary portland cement (OPC). Previous studies on geopolymer concrete are at high molarity of NaOH and curing adopted is hot air oven curing for the effective polymerization of binder material and the alkaline activator solution (AAS). The present study is aimed to understand the effect of Alccofine as a ternary binder in geopolymer concrete at low molarities of NaOH-based alkaline solution under ambient temperature curing. Flyash, GGBFS, and Alccofine are the binder materials considered in geopolymer concrete by complete replacement of OPC. The ratio of Na2SiO3 to NaOH is fixed at 2.5 for all the geopolymer concrete mixes. Msand is used as fine aggregate by replacing with river sand in geopolymer concrete. The study also focused on comparing the compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, and cost analysis of ternary blended geopolymer concrete with conventional concrete of M30 grade. It is observed from the results that the geopolymer concrete has attained better strength properties than OPC concrete at the lesser cost and the impact on environment is reduced.

A Study on Strength Properties and Cost Analysis of Industrial Byproduct-Based Ternary Blended Geopolymer Concrete

Experimental study on the properties of ternary blended geopolymer rich mortar

FOR THESIS University of Oulu Faculty of Technology Degree Programme (Bachelor's Thesis, Master’s Thesis) Major Subject (Licentiate Thesis) Process Engineering Author Thesis Supervisor Naalisvaara, Mikko Abdollahnejad, Zahra. PhD Title of Thesis Mechanical properties and drying shrinkage of fibre-reinforced alkali activated fly ash/slag binders using ceramic waste aggregate Major Subject Type of Thesis Submission Date Number of Pages Fibre and Particle technology Bachelor’s Thesis May 2018 38 Abstract Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), one of the most used construction materials, is a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide. The manufacturing process of OPC requires large amounts of energy and it consumes Earth’s natural resources at a high rate. New methods to replace OPC have been developed for a few decades now, and one of the promising method is a class of materials known as alkali-activated materials (AAM). AAM’s require less raw resources to manufacture, due to utilizing various industrial by-products, such as blast furnace slag and fly ash. One-part alkali-activated binders require only dry materials that can be mixed and water is being added to the binder as the last step. This makes them easy to handle and transport. In this thesis, experiments regarding the mechanical properties and drying shrinkage were conducted on a set of different samples, including different fly ash-slag mix compositions and fibre combinations. Crushed ceramic waste was used as an aggregate, because it is currently a form of waste with very little use. It was found that using 40 % slag and 50 % fly ash was a desirable mix composition, and so it acted as the reference for fibre-reinforced mix compositions. Polypropylene (PP), basalt (Ba) and polyvinyl alcohol fibres (PVA) were tested in different combinations, with the total amount of fibres in each specimen at 1,5% (total volume). Results showed that generally the addition of fibres increased the total flexural strength. Freeze-thaw test results showed that flexural strength loss was lower with fibrereinforced samples, and compressive strength generally isn’t negatively affected. Hybrid fibre mixtures showed the most promising results in terms of reducing drying shrinkage rate. Additional Information

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K Srinivasan

Papers

Review on supplymentary cementitious materials used in inorganic polymer concrete