K.Y. Leong

Bio: K.Y. Leong is an academic researcher from National Defence University of Malaysia. The author has contributed to research in topics: Nanofluid & Thermal conductivity. The author has an hindex of 18, co-authored 33 publications receiving 3020 citations. Previous affiliations of K.Y. Leong include National Defense University & University of Malaya.

A review on applications and challenges of nanofluids

Abstract: Nanofluids are potential heat transfer fluids with enhanced thermophysical properties and heat transfer performance can be applied in many devices for better performances (i.e. energy, heat transfer and other performances). In this paper, a comprehensive literature on the applications and challenges of nanofluids have been compiled and reviewed. Latest up to date literatures on the applications and challenges in terms of PhD and Master thesis, journal articles, conference proceedings, reports and web materials have been reviewed and reported. Recent researches have indicated that substitution of conventional coolants by nanofluids appears promising. Specific application of nanofluids in engine cooling, solar water heating, cooling of electronics, cooling of transformer oil, improving diesel generator efficiency, cooling of heat exchanging devices, improving heat transfer efficiency of chillers, domestic refrigerator-freezers, cooling in machining, in nuclear reactor and defense and space have been reviewed and presented. Authors also critically analyzed some of the applications and identified research gaps for further research. Moreover, challenges and future directions of applications of nanofluids have been reviewed and presented in this paper. Based on results available in the literatures, it has been found nanofluids have a much higher and strongly temperature-dependent thermal conductivity at very low particle concentrations than conventional fluids. This can be considered as one of the key parameters for enhanced performances for many of the applications of nanofluids. Because of its superior thermal performances, latest up to date literatures on this property have been summarized and presented in this paper as well. However, few barriers and challenges that have been identified in this review must be addressed carefully before it can be fully implemented in the industrial applications.

Nano-enhanced phase change materials: A review of thermo-physical properties, applications and challenges

Abstract: Thermal storage material involving phase change material (PCM) has attracted interest among researchers and engineers. It was found that phase change material has the capability to store and release large amount of latent heat during phase transition period. The effectiveness of these capabilities is affected by low thermal conductivity and sub-cooling characteristics. In order to increase the thermal conductivity of PCM, thermal conductive substance such as nanoparticles are added to the former. The resulting material is known as nano-enhanced PCM. This review intends to discuss ideal characteristics of nano-enhanced PCM, thermo-physical properties, applications as well as the challenges and direction of this new material. It is hoped that this review will be able to provide some insight to the readers to explore further the fundamental properties and application of nano-enhanced PCM.

Synthesis and thermal conductivity characteristic of hybrid nanofluids – A review

Abstract: Most of the researches on nanofluids conducted since the past decade focused on the single type particle based nanofluids. The characteristics of this type of nanofluid are well defined and explored. The advancement in nanomaterial has enabled the production of hybrid nanoparticles (nanocomposites) and recently, there are noticeable amount of researchers investigated on the characteristic of hybrid nanofluids. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to explore the synthesis method used by the researchers to develop hybrid nanofluids. Apart from that, hybrid nanofluid's thermal conductivity, challenges and future direction of this field are discussed. Based on the review, it is found that carbon nanotube is often combined with other material to synthesize hybrid nanoparticles. Hybrid nanofluids exhibit improved thermal conductivity characteristic. However, challenges such as hybrid nanofluids stability, selection of proper hybrid nanoparticles and its complex fabrication process and limited thermal conductivity model for hybrid nanofluids need to be addressed first. Better knowledge and understanding on these area are required in order to develop hybrid nanofluid which is not only provide enhanced thermal conductivity but also stable and does not require complicated synthesis process.

A review on applications and challenges of nanofluids

Abstract: Nanofluids are potential heat transfer fluids with enhanced thermophysical properties and heat transfer performance can be applied in many devices for better performances (i.e. energy, heat transfer and other performances). In this paper, a comprehensive literature on the applications and challenges of nanofluids have been compiled and reviewed. Latest up to date literatures on the applications and challenges in terms of PhD and Master thesis, journal articles, conference proceedings, reports and web materials have been reviewed and reported. Recent researches have indicated that substitution of conventional coolants by nanofluids appears promising. Specific application of nanofluids in engine cooling, solar water heating, cooling of electronics, cooling of transformer oil, improving diesel generator efficiency, cooling of heat exchanging devices, improving heat transfer efficiency of chillers, domestic refrigerator-freezers, cooling in machining, in nuclear reactor and defense and space have been reviewed and presented. Authors also critically analyzed some of the applications and identified research gaps for further research. Moreover, challenges and future directions of applications of nanofluids have been reviewed and presented in this paper. Based on results available in the literatures, it has been found nanofluids have a much higher and strongly temperature-dependent thermal conductivity at very low particle concentrations than conventional fluids. This can be considered as one of the key parameters for enhanced performances for many of the applications of nanofluids. Because of its superior thermal performances, latest up to date literatures on this property have been summarized and presented in this paper as well. However, few barriers and challenges that have been identified in this review must be addressed carefully before it can be fully implemented in the industrial applications.

A review on hybrid nanofluids: Recent research, development and applications

Abstract: Researches on the nanofluids have been increased very rapidly over the past decade. In spite of some inconsistency in the reported results and insufficient understanding of the mechanism of the heat transfer in nanofluids, it has been emerged as a promising heat transfer fluid. In the continuation of nanofluids research, the researchers have also tried to use hybrid nanofluid recently, which is engineered by suspending dissimilar nanoparticles either in mixture or composite form. The idea of using hybrid nanofluids is to further improvement of heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics by trade-off between advantages and disadvantages of individual suspension, attributed to good aspect ratio, better thermal network and synergistic effect of nanomaterials. This review summarizes recent researches on synthesis, thermophysical properties, heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics, possible applications and challenges of hybrid nanofluids. Review showed that proper hybridization may make the hybrid nanofluids very promising for heat transfer enhancement, however, lot of research works is still needed in the fields of preparation and stability, characterization and applications to overcome the challenges.