Author
Kailash C. Malhotra
Other affiliations: University of Hamburg, Savitribai Phule Pune University, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston ...read more
Bio: Kailash C. Malhotra is an academic researcher from Indian Statistical Institute. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Dermatoglyphics. The author has an hindex of 20, co-authored 75 publications receiving 1058 citations. Previous affiliations of Kailash C. Malhotra include University of Hamburg & Savitribai Phule Pune University.
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TL;DR: In this article, a sample of 3000 males belonging 20 endogamous castes from Maharashtra were analysed to determine specifically the distribution of
Abstract: In a sample of 3000 males belonging 20 endogamous castes from Maharashtra were analysed to determine specifically the distribution of
2 citations
TL;DR: A positive association of HBs Ag and the anthropometric traits, skinfold thickness of biceps and triceps, has been observed in the present study, demonstrating that other factor(s) besides malarial infection may be involved in the maintenance of a highHBs Ag frequency in Western Maharashtra.
Abstract: The incidence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBs Ag, Australia antigen) has been determined in three communities residing in an endemic malarial region in Western Maharashtra A high incidence (592%
2 citations
TL;DR: A, AB and B phenotypes of acid phosphatase were seen among all the groups, and it is suggested that they are quite homogeneous.
Abstract: A total of 1241 blood samples from 15 Dhangar groups — a semi-nomadic population, were studied by starch gel electrophoresis for haptoglobin and acid phosphatase types.
2 citations
TL;DR: Compared to several other palmar elements, like palmar true patterns, main line terminations, palmar flexion creases, the axial triradius has a considerably low level of differentiation among these nomadic, seminomadic and settled Dhangar castes.
Abstract: Bilateral palmar prints of 3000 males belonging to 20 endogamous Dhangar castes of Maharashtra, India, have been analysed for types and combinations of axial triradii after Cummins and Midlo (1943). Altogether 17 types of axial triradii were found among the Dhangars, but only typest, t′, tt″ occur in appreciable frequencies. The magnitude of intercaste differentiation in respect to axial triradii is considerably low; only 13 caste-pairs (6.84%) out of 190 pairs showed significant difference at the 5% level. Compared to several other palmar elements, like palmar true patterns, main line terminations, palmar flexion creases, the axial triradius has a considerably low level of differentiation among these nomadic, seminomadic and settled Dhangar castes. This suggests that the axial triradii are perhaps more stable compared to many other palmar elements. These results need to be confirmed by data from other populations.
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1,532 citations
TL;DR: These estimates can help countries and the international community gauge the need for appropriate diagnoses and genetic counselling to reduce the number of neonates affected by HbS and could be used for other inherited disorders.
838 citations
TL;DR: The magnitude and variation in global, regional, and country-level prevalence rates of G6PD deficiency are of public health import, particularly in planning programs to improve neonatal health and in the distribution of various medications, especially antimalarial drugs, as G6 PD deficiency is most prevalent in malaria-endemic areas.
Abstract: Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency is the most prevalent enzyme deficiency, with an estimated 400 million people affected worldwide. This inherited deficiency causes neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and chronic hemolytic anemia. Although most affected individuals are asymptomatic, exposure to oxidative stressors such as certain drugs or infection, can elicit acute hemolysis. To characterize the global prevalence of G6PD deficiency, we conducted a systematic review of the G6PD deficiency literature, drawing studies from various databases, including MEDLINE/Pubmed and Biosis. Selected studies included cross-sectional and longitudinal studies published between 1960 and 2008. Additionally, meta-analytic procedures were employed to assess the degree of heterogeneity amongst prevalence estimates and, where appropriate, pool them. The searches yielded a total of 280 prevalence estimates, corresponding to 88 countries. The highest prevalence rates were reported among Sub-Saharan African countries, even after adjusting for assessment method. Meta-analysis revealed a high degree of heterogeneity for regional and global prevalence estimates. This heterogeneity in reported estimates appeared to be due to differences in G6PD deficiency assessment and diagnostic procedures. The magnitude and variation in global, regional, and country-level prevalence rates of G6PD deficiency are of public health import, particularly in planning programs to improve neonatal health and in the distribution of various medications, especially antimalarial drugs, as G6PD deficiency is most prevalent in malaria-endemic areas.
557 citations
489 citations
TL;DR: This work uses a comprehensive data assembly of HbS allele frequencies to generate the first evidence-based map of the worldwide distribution of the gene in a Bayesian geostatistical framework and finds geographical support for the malaria hypothesis globally.
Abstract: It has been 100 years since the first report of sickle haemoglobin (HbS). More than 50 years ago, it was suggested that the gene responsible for this disorder could reach high frequencies because of resistance conferred against malaria by the heterozygous carrier state. This traditional example of balancing selection is known as the 'malaria hypothesis'. However, the geographical relationship between the transmission intensity of malaria and associated HbS burden has never been formally investigated on a global scale. Here, we use a comprehensive data assembly of HbS allele frequencies to generate the first evidence-based map of the worldwide distribution of the gene in a Bayesian geostatistical framework. We compare this map with the pre-intervention distribution of malaria endemicity, using a novel geostatistical area-mean comparison. We find geographical support for the malaria hypothesis globally; the relationship is relatively strong in Africa but cannot be resolved in the Americas or in Asia.
472 citations