Organ printing can be defined as layer-by-layer additive robotic biofabrication of three-dimensional functional living macrotissues and organ constructs using tissue spheroids as building blocks. The microtissues and tissue spheroids are living materials with certain measurable, evolving and potentially controllable composition, material and biological properties. Closely placed tissue spheroids undergo tissue fusion - a process that represents a fundamental biological and biophysical principle of developmental biology-inspired directed tissue self-assembly. It is possible to engineer small segments of an intraorgan branched vascular tree by using solid and lumenized vascular tissue spheroids. Organ printing could dramatically enhance and transform the field of tissue engineering by enabling large-scale industrial robotic biofabrication of living human organ constructs with "built-in" perfusable intraorgan branched vascular tree. Thus, organ printing is a new emerging enabling technology paradigm which represents a developmental biology-inspired alternative to classic biodegradable solid scaffold-based approaches in tissue engineering.

Organ Printing: Tissue Spheroids as Building Blocks

Synthetic potential of the tertiary-amine-catalysed reaction of activated vinyl carbanions with aldehydes

This work was supported by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), Portugal (projects PTDC/QUI-QUI/113687/2009 and PEst-C/QUI/UI0081/2013). A.G. (SFRH/BD/43531/2008) and M.J.M. (SFRH/BD/61262/2009) thank FCT for grants.

/pdf/chromone-a-valid-scaffold-in-medicinal-chemistry-4qd4v5m5z2.pdf

Chromone: A Valid Scaffold in Medicinal Chemistry

o-Quinone methides: intermediates underdeveloped and underutilized in organic synthesis

https://www.ircc.iitb.ac.in/IRCC-Webpage/rnd/PDF/Awards11KothaS.pdf

Transition Metal Catalyzed (2+2+2) Cycloaddition and Application in Organic Synthesis

Indium trichloride catalyzed glycosidation. An expeditious synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated glycopyranosides†

Highly deactivated aromatic compounds were smoothly monobrominated by treatment with N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) in concentrated H2SO4 medium affording the corresponding bromo derivatives in good yields. Mild reaction conditions and simple workup provides a practical and commercially viable route for the synthesis of bromo compounds of deactivated aromatics.

Bromination of deactivated aromatics: a simple and efficient method.

Bioprinting is a promising technology, which has gained a recent attention, for application in all aspects of human life and has specific advantages in different areas of medicines, especially in ophthalmology. The three-dimensional (3D) printing tools have been widely used in different applications, from surgical planning procedures to 3D models for certain highly delicate organs (such as: eye and heart). The purpose of this paper is to review the dedicated research efforts that so far have been made to highlight applications of 3D printing in the field of ophthalmology.,In this paper, the state-of-the-art review has been summarized for bioprinters, biomaterials and methodologies adopted to cure eye diseases. This paper starts with fundamental discussions and gradually leads toward the summary and future trends by covering almost all the research insights. For better understanding of the readers, various tables and figures have also been incorporated.,The usages of bioprinted surgical models have shown to be helpful in shortening the time of operation and decreasing the risk of donor, and hence, it could boost certain surgical effects. This demonstrates the wide use of bioprinting to design more precise biological research models for research in broader range of applications such as in generating blood vessels and cardiac tissue. Although bioprinting has not created a significant impact in ophthalmology, in recent times, these technologies could be helpful in treating several ocular disorders in the near future.,This review work emphasizes the understanding of 3D printing technologies, in the light of which these can be applied in ophthalmology to achieve successful treatment of eye diseases.

Bioprinting in ophthalmology: current advances and future pathways

Mild and efficient tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols-catalysis by lithium perchlorate in diethyl ether

Microwave-induced, Montmorillonite K10-catalyzed Ferrier rearrangement of tri-O-acetyl-d-galactal: mild, eco-friendly, rapid glycosidation with allylic rearrangement

Kalpattu K. Balasubramanian

Papers

Indium trichloride catalyzed glycosidation. An expeditious synthesis of 2,3-unsaturated glycopyranosides†

Bromination of deactivated aromatics: a simple and efficient method.

Bioprinting in ophthalmology: current advances and future pathways

Mild and efficient tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols-catalysis by lithium perchlorate in diethyl ether

Microwave-induced, Montmorillonite K10-catalyzed Ferrier rearrangement of tri-O-acetyl-d-galactal: mild, eco-friendly, rapid glycosidation with allylic rearrangement