Note on Translation Introduction by Michael Holquist Response to a Question from the Novy Mir Editorial Staff The Bildungsroman and Its Significance in the History of Realism (Toward a Historical Typology of the Novel) The Problem of Speech Genres The Problem of the Text in Linguistics, Philology, and the Human Sciences: An Experiment in Philosophical Analysis From Notes Made in 1970-71 Toward a Methodology for the Human Sciences Index

Speech Genres and Other Late Essays

Part I. Pre-modern Practices: 1. Formal marriage 2. Slave concubinage, temporary marriage, and harem wives 3. Class, status-defined homosexuality, and rituals of courtship Part II. Toward a Westernized Modernity: 4. On the road to an ethos of monogamous, heterosexual marriage 5. Redefining purity, unveiling bodies, shifting desires 6. Imperialist politics, romantic love, and the impasse over women's suffrage 7. Suffrage, marriage reforms, and the threat of female sexuality 8. The rise of leftist guerrilla organizations and Islamism Part III. Forging an Islamist Modernity and Beyond: 9. The Islamic revolution, its sexual economy, and the Left 10. Islamist women and the emergence of Islamic feminism 11. Birth control, female sexual awakening, and the gay lifestyle Conclusion: toward a new Muslim-Iranian sexuality for the twenty-first century.

/pdf/sexual-politics-in-modern-iran-dyr9nkqaoh.pdf

Sexual Politics in Modern Iran

AT FIRST GLANCE, IRAN'S LITERARY OUJrPF IN THE LAST 'IENY YEARS seems to reflect the collective desire of the country's poets and writers at once both to delve deeper into the literary tradition of the past and to move beyond the familiar environment of artistic creativity in the previous decades. The disintegration of historically valid philosophical convictions, the demands of an overtly ideological state, and the painful growth of individual experiments, particularly among expatriate Iranian writers, can be cited as only the most visible of the myriad reasons for this apparent diversity and dynamism. However, while they bestow remarkable power on the works themselves, these divergent tendencies make it difficult to discuss the corpus itself as a unified whole bound by common social experiences and dominant esthetic conventions.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/info/4311055

Introduction: Iran's literature 1977–1997

: The present state of tension between the United States and Iran signifies a failure of current and past diplomatic approaches to influence Iran. Curiously, the Islamic Revolution and Iranian elections over the last decade indicate that support from Iranian women is essential to achieving domestic political objectives in Iran. It may be that women provide a path to influencing Iranian foreign policy. This study analyzed the Iranian government's policy toward women over the course of the past 50 years. The analysis sought to determine when and how women influenced changes in policy. Samuel P. Huntington's discussion of modernization in "Political Order in Changing Societies" provides a framework with which to assess the influence of women. Other authors such as Harold Lasswell and Abraham Kaplan in "Power and Society: A Framework for Political Inquiry" provide insight into the concept of influence and its assessment. When these frameworks are applied to Iran, they reveal that both traditional and modernizing forces have shaped the development of Iranian politics. Iranian politics can be seen as a set of circles of influence. Within these circles are the Supreme Leader, the Guardian Council, the Expediency Council, the Parliament, and the President. From time to time women have been able to enter these circles. Finally, the research reveals that modernizing women have had success achieving certain levels of power and influence within the domestic politics of Iran. However, further study failed to show a causal link between women and change. Women have had some success in influencing the politics of Iran through the mechanisms of state bureaucracy, mobilization of masses of people, and through other groups. All that said, the political bureaucracy of the Islamic Republic of Iran stifles anything more substantial than modest changes to policy and Iranian society.

Women, Change, and Iran

...........................................................................iv ÖZ.........................................................................................v DEDICATION..........................................................................vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS............................................................vii TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................viii

https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12609150/index.pdf

The impact of iranian revolution on women's lives: an analysis through selected women's memoirs

The literary works produced by Iranian women writers after the 1979 revolution, despite their diversity in artistic value and quality of narrative, commonly manifest a remarkable sensitivity toward women's issues and gender relations. The overall theme tying these works together seems to be the problematic of gender hierarchy and women's suffering expressed in a figurative language, transcending the extant male-dominated literary discourse. In these works, women's personal and private experiences become public. Their narratives articulate their protests against sexual oppression and reflect their struggle for identity. This phenomenon is noteworthy not simply because this is a literature produced by women about women, but also because this body of work displays a contrast with the literary works produced by women in the decades preceding the revolution. Pre-revolutionary works, under the sway of the dominant literary discourse, did not give rise to a feminist literary movement, for they emphasized sociopolitical issues more than specific gender issues. To be sure, there were themes related to women, but they were often presented in the context of socially conscious yet male-dominated committed literature. Women's literary paradigms before and after the revolution thus represent different literary discourses, and the Iranian Revolution of 1979 appears to be the major historical event that separates these two discourses and may well be responsible for the shift. In a strict sense, gender is socially constituted, and gender issues are in fact a type of social issue.

Kamran Talattof

Papers

Iranian Women's Literature: From Pre-Revolutionary Social Discourse to Post-Revolutionary Feminism