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Kannabiran K

Bio: Kannabiran K is an academic researcher from VIT University. The author has contributed to research in topics: White spot syndrome. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 3 citations.

Papers
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Posted ContentDOI
07 Jun 2018-bioRxiv
TL;DR: An attempt was made to screen some actinomycetes isolates for antiviral activity against White spot syndrome virus and the antiviral compound against WSSV and the mechanism of viral inhibition is given.
Abstract: Actinomycetes isolates collected from different environments were screened for antiviral activity against WSSV. One isolate designated as CAHSH-2 showed antiviral activity against WSSV at the concentration of 0.2 mg per shrimp. The laboratory trial of determining antiviral activity of ethyl acetate extract (EtOAcE) of CAHSH-2 against WSSV was carried out 21 times since 2014. CAHSH-2 isolate which showed antiviral activity was characterized and identified as Streptomyces ghanaensis like strain. Among the five fractions obtained from EtOAcE of potential actinomycetes isolate, F1 was found to have strong antiviral activity. The F1A and F1B sub-fractions from F1 fraction were subjected to GC-MS, FTIR, 1H and 13C NMR analyses and, the compounds identified were di-n-octyl phthalate and bis (2-methylheptyl) phthalate, respectively. Among these compounds, di-n-octyl phthalate showed strong antiviral activity against WSSV. Molecular docking studies revealed that di-n-octyl phthalate was found to have high binding affinity with VP26 and VP28 proteins of WSSV, whereas the bis (2-methylheptyl) phthalate showed low binding affinity with VP26 and VP28. The antiviral activity of EtOAcE of actinomycetes against WSSV was confirmed by PCR, RT-PCR, Western blot and ELISA. The EA extract of active isolate was found to be non-toxic to Artemia, post-larvae and adult Litopenaeus vannamei. Importance White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is an important shrimp viral pathogen and responsible for huge economic loss to shrimp culture industry worldwide including India. The global loss due to WSSV has been estimated about USD 10 billion and the loss continues at the same extent even now. Various strategies have been followed to prevent or control diseases of aquatic animals. In spite of various preventive and control strategies, WSSV has been still persisting for more than two decades. No control strategies have so far been evolved to put a break to WSSV. In this situation, an attempt was made in the present work to screen some actinomycetes isolates for antiviral activity against WSSV. Among these isolates, one isolate identified as Streptomyces ghanaensis like isolate CAHSH-2 showed activity against WSSV. This article gives the information about the antiviral compound against WSSV and the mechanism of viral inhibition.

9 citations


Cited by
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ReportDOI
01 Mar 1996
TL;DR: The split between the Archaea and the Bacteria is now recognized as the primary phylogenetic division and that the Eucarya have branched from the same side of the tree as the archaea.
Abstract: To date, over 1500 prokaryotes have been characterized by small subunit rRNA sequencing and molecular phylogeny has had an equally profound effect on our understanding of relationship among eukaryotic microorganisms. The universal phylogenetic tree readily shows however how artificial the strong distinction between the eukaryote and prokaryotes has become. The split between the Archaea and the Bacteria is now recognized as the primary phylogenetic division and that the Eucarya have branched from the same side of the tree as the Archaea. Both prokaryotic domains would seem to be of thermophilic origin suggesting that life arose in a very warm environment. Among the Archaea, all of the Crenarchaeota cultured to date are thermophiles, and the deepest euryarchaeal branchings are represented exclusively by thermophiles. Among the Bacteria, the deepest known branchings are again represented exclusively by thermophiles, and thermophilia is widely scattered throughout the domain. The Archaea comprise a small number of quite disparate phenotypes that grow in unusual niches. All are obligate or facultative anaerobes. All cultured crenarchaeotes are thermophilic, some even growing optimally above the normal boiling temperature of water. The Archaeoglobales are sulfate reducers growing at high temperatures. The extreme halophiles grow only in highly saline environments. The methanogens are confined to a variety of anaerobic niches, often thermophilic. The Bacteria, on the other hand, are notable as being the source of life`s photosynthetic capacity. Five kingdoms of bacteria contain photosynthetic species; and each of the five manifests a distinct type of (chlorophyll-based) photosynthesis.

494 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Some new technologies such as greenhouse, polyculture, biofloc and minimal water exchange have been proposed for WSD management, however, further research is needed on those new technologies enhancing their efficient application.
Abstract: White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the pathogen behind white spot disease (WSD) in shrimp and many other crustaceans. It is a highly contagious virus capable of causing total mortality in 3-10 days of outbreak in normal culture conditions. Since the first report of occurrence in China and Taiwan between 1991 and 1992, WSD outbreak caused tremendous losses at farm level throughout the world. Most of the published reviews on WSSV emphasize advanced genetic studies and biosecurity measures in terms of disease management. Recently, some new technologies such as greenhouse, polyculture, biofloc and minimal water exchange have been proposed for WSD management, which is the trigger for this review. However, further research is needed on those new technologies enhancing their efficient application.

40 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2022
TL;DR: Actinomycetes are remarkable sources of novel antibiotics and compounds which possess medical and industrial importance as mentioned in this paper , and they are the prolific producers of bioactive compounds and their derivatives, and their unique characteristics as prokaryotic organisms, the bioactive molecules, their complex structures, and complicated bioactive molecule.
Abstract: AbstractMicrobes are the prolific producers of bioactive compounds and their derivatives. More than half the number of versatile bioactive compounds from microbial sources have been produced by actinomycetes. Actinomycetes are remarkable sources of novel antibiotics and compounds which possess medical and industrial importance. This review outlines an introduction to actinobacteria with its diversity and distribution. It also discusses their unique characteristics as prokaryotic organisms, the bioactive molecules, their complex structures, and complicated bioactive molecules. This report summarizes the potential avenues in drug leads research of actinomycetes, we also explore the distinct self-resistant β-lactamase producers, polyketide and non-ribosomal polyketide synthase producers, isoprenoids, and protein inhibitors such as indolocarbazones, prodiginies, antiviral enzymes, antitumor enzymes, tyrosinases, and other hydrolytic enzymes such as amylases, cellulases, and xylanases that break down carbohydrates into sugars; chitinases, proteolytic enzymes like unhairing (nonspecific) and fibrin degrading (specific) proteases, and lipases. Furthermore, the array of actinomycete research has been driven by the break through in genomics and proteomics. Increasing new technical developments such as next-genome sequencing, genome editing, and analyzing secondary metabolite biosynthetic gene clusters (smBGCs) in genome mining which helps us to predict the domain organization of the gene clusters and synthesize new bioactive compounds. This chapter gives us the overall outlook of actinobacteria and its promising future prospects in the industrial and pharmaceutical fields when a hand-in-hand research is carried out with the help of bioinformatics.KeywordsActinomycetesMetabolitesDrug leadsBiomoleculesGenome mining

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , an attempt was made to isolate Actinomycetes from marine sediments in terms of their ability to produce several novel bioactive compounds, which can be used as an alternative to antibiotics for treating several fish pathogens.
Abstract: Marine habitats are especially complex, with a varied diversity of living organisms. Marine organisms, while living in such intense conditions, have developed great physiological and metabolic potential to survive. This has led them to produce several potent metabolites, which their terrestrial counterparts are unable to produce. Over the past few years, marine Actinomycetes have been considered one of the most abundant sources of diverse and novel metabolites. In this work, an attempt was made to isolate Actinomycetes from marine sediments in terms of their ability to produce several novel bioactive compounds. A total of 16 different Actinomycete colonies were obtained from marine sediment samples. Among the 16 Actinomycete isolates, 2 isolates demonstrated in vitro antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila and Vibrio parahemolyticus. However, among them, only one isolate was found to have potent antibacterial activity, and hence, was taken for further analysis. This isolate was designated as Beijerinickia fluminensis VIT01. The bioactive components obtained were extracted and later subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analyses for identification. Several novel bioactive compounds were reported from the data obtained and were found to have potent antibacterial activity. Hence, they could be used as an alternative to antibiotics for treating several fish pathogens in the aquaculture industry.

3 citations