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Author

Karina Salazar-Morales

Bio: Karina Salazar-Morales is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Tick & Tick Control. The author has co-authored 1 publications.
Topics: Tick, Tick Control

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the actors of these responses are the object of a study in this review since they are new targets in anti-tick vaccine design, and they present their role in the immune response that positions them as feasible targets that can be blocked, inhibited, interfered with, and overexpressed.
Abstract: Ticks are hematophagous ectoparasites that infest a diverse number of vertebrate hosts. The tick immunobiology plays a significant role in establishing and transmitting many pathogens to their hosts. To control tick infestations, the acaricide application is a commonly used method with severe environmental consequences and the selection of tick-resistant populations. With these drawbacks, new tick control methods need to be developed, and the immune system of ticks contains a plethora of potential candidates for vaccine design. Additionally, tick immunity is based on an orchestrated action of humoral and cellular immune responses. Therefore, the actors of these responses are the object of our study in this review since they are new targets in anti-tick vaccine design. We present their role in the immune response that positions them as feasible targets that can be blocked, inhibited, interfered with, and overexpressed, and then elucidate a new method to control tick infestations through the development of vaccines. We also propose Extracellular Traps Formation (ETosis) in ticks as a process to eliminate their natural enemies and those pathogens they transmit (vectorial capacity), which results attractive since they are a source of acting molecules with potential use as vaccines.

4 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This poster aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, which aims to provide real-time information about the immune response to the SARs-CoV-2 virus.
Abstract: Notwithstanding that most biomedical research today focuses on the pandemic caused by the SARs-CoV-2 virus, there are many unresolved diseases that are almost forgotten worldwide [...].

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a review article explains different zoonotic diseases transmitted by various species of ticks and suggests use of various bait formulations and cultural control methods for deterring ticks from blood feeding.
Abstract: The present review article explains different zoonotic diseases transmitted by various species of ticks. This article emphasizes various animal hosts, transmission and prevalence of various zoonotic diseases caused by a virus, bacteria, protozoans in different eco-climatic regions of the world. This article also explains various diagnostic methods applied for the detection of disease pathogens, treatment methods and prophylactic measures. It recommends tick saliva antigen-based oral vaccines and antibiotics as treatment methods. It also suggests use of various bait formulations and cultural control methods for deterring ticks from blood feeding. This article signifies the need of pesticides for control of ticks and tick-borne diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , the expression of genes involved in immune signaling pathways of R. microplus adults' guts when challenged with a high or low parasitic load of T. equi was evaluated.
Abstract: Rhipicephalus microplus is the only tick species known to serve as a biological vector of Theileria equi for horses and other equids in Brazil. The protozoan T. equi is one of the causal agents of equine piroplasmosis, a major threat in horse breeding systems. Vector competence is closely linked to the pathogens’ ability to evade tick defense mechanisms. However, knowledge of tick immune response against infections by hemoparasites of the Theileria genus is scarce. In the present study, the expression of genes involved in immune signaling pathways of R. microplus adults’ guts when challenged with a high or low parasitic load of T. equi was evaluated. This research demonstrates divergences in the immune gene expression pattern linked to T. equi infection in R. microplus since the Toll, IMD, and JNK signaling pathways were transcriptionally repressed in the guts of adult ticks infected with T. equi. Moreover, the results showed that different infectious doses of T. equi induce differential gene expression of key components of immune signaling cascades in R. microplus gut, suggesting a link between the intensity of infection and the activation of tick immunity response. The present study adds knowledge to elucidate the gut immune signaling response of R. microplus to T. equi infection. In addition, the generated data can serve as a basis for further investigations to develop strategies for controlling and preventing equine piroplasmosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Tick and tick-borne diseases are responsible for enormous losses in animal and human life, which do not seem to become better as new data show surprising connections as mentioned in this paper , but do not become worse.
Abstract: Ticks and tick-borne diseases are responsible for enormous losses in animal and human life, which do not seem to become better as new data show surprising connections [...].