Author
Karsten Müller
Other affiliations: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Forschungszentrum Jülich, University of Rostock ...read more
Bio: Karsten Müller is an academic researcher from University of Erlangen-Nuremberg. The author has contributed to research in topics: Hydrogen & Energy storage. The author has an hindex of 24, co-authored 87 publications receiving 1722 citations. Previous affiliations of Karsten Müller include Pacific Northwest National Laboratory & Forschungszentrum Jülich.
Topics: Hydrogen, Energy storage, Hydrogen storage, Dehydrogenation, Chemistry
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the heat transfer oils dibenzyltoluene (dibenzyl-luene) and benzylluene (benzyluene) were used as a new class of liquid organic hydrogen carrier compounds.
Abstract: The heat transfer oils dibenzyltoluene and benzyltoluene are promising materials as a new class of liquid organic hydrogen carrier compounds (LOHC). Thermophysical properties (heat capacity, density, viscosity, and surface tension) of the commercially available thermofluids Marlothem LH (benzyltoluene) and Marlotherm SH (dibenzyltoluene) and their completely hydrogenated derivatives were measured. Thermochemical properties (enthalpies of combustion and enthalpies of vaporization) were derived from experiments. Gas-phase molar enthalpies of formation were derived and validated with group-additivity and high-level quantum chemical calculations. Enthalpies of the hydrogenation/dehydrogenation reactions of the LOHC pairs under study were derived.
172 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed the use of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC) for the establishment of a decentralised energy storage network, where thermal losses from the storage processes can be used for heating (and cooling) purposes in order to increase the overall efficiency.
Abstract: This contribution proposes the usage of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC) for the establishment of a decentralised energy storage network. Due to the continually increasing amount of renewable energy within the power grid, in particular in countries of the European Union, a huge demand for storage capacities develops that can hardly be met by large-scale systems alone. Because of their high storage density and good manageability LOHC substances permit the local storage of excess energy in residential and commercial buildings. Following the approach of a CHP system (‘combined heat and power’ or more precisely a ‘combined heat and storage’ system), thermal losses from the storage processes can be used for heating (and cooling) purposes in order to increase the overall efficiency. An evaluation of the economic feasibility identifies possible approaches to generate income from storage operation. The usage of exhaust heat for heating proves to significantly support the business case by providing a considerable financial contribution that is usually not exploitable for centralised storage units.
161 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed the use of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC) for the establishment of a decentralised energy storage network, where thermal losses from the storage processes can be used for heating and cooling purposes in order to increase the overall efficiency.
Abstract: This contribution proposes the usage of Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers (LOHC) for the establishment of a decentralised energy storage network. Due to the continually increasing amount of renewable energy within the power grid, in particular in countries of the European Union, a huge demand for storage capacities develops that can hardly be met by large-scale systems alone. Because of their high storage density and good manageability LOHC substances permit the local storage of excess energy in residential and commercial buildings. Following the approach of a CHP system ('combined heat and power' or more precisely a `combined heat and storage' system), thermal losses from the storage processes can be used for heating (and cooling) purposes in order to increase the overall efficiency. An evaluation of the economic feasibility identifies possible approaches to generate income from storage operation. The usage of exhaust heat for heating proves to significantly support the business case by providing a considerable financial contribution that is usually not exploitable for centralised storage units.
126 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate that hydrogen storage in stationary Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC) systems becomes much simpler and significantly more efficient if both, the LOHC hydrogenation and the LHOC dehydrogenation reaction are carried out in the same reactor using the same catalyst.
Abstract: Our contribution demonstrates that hydrogen storage in stationary Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC) systems becomes much simpler and significantly more efficient if both, the LOHC hydrogenation and the LOHC dehydrogenation reaction are carried out in the same reactor using the same catalyst. The finding that the typical dehydrogenation catalyst for hydrogen release from perhydro dibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT), Pt on alumina, turns into a highly active and very selective dibenzyltoluene hydrogenation catalyst at temperatures above 220 °C paves the way for our new hydrogen storage concept. Herein, hydrogenation of H0-DBT and dehydrogenation of H18-DBT is carried out at the same elevated temperature between 290 and 310 °C with hydrogen pressure being the only variable for shifting the equilibrium between hydrogen loading and release. We demonstrate that the heat of hydrogenation can be provided at a temperature level suitable for effective dehydrogenation catalysis. Combined with a heat storage device of appropriate capacity or a high pressure steam system, this heat could be used for dehydrogenation.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate that the hydrogen-rich form of the LOHC system can be directly applied as sole source of hydrogen in the hydrogenation of toluene, a model reaction for large-scale technical hydrogenations.
92 citations
Cited by
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University of Cambridge1, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia2, Lancaster University3, University of Manchester4, Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies5, Technical University of Denmark6, Nokia7, University of Trento8, fondazione bruno kessler9, Queen Mary University of London10, Technische Universität München11, Polytechnic University of Milan12, Centre national de la recherche scientifique13, University of Trieste14, University of Ioannina15, University of Geneva16, Trinity College, Dublin17, Texas Instruments18, University of Paris19, Spanish National Research Council20, Leiden University21, Delft University of Technology22, University of Patras23, École Normale Supérieure24, Radboud University Nijmegen25, Nest Labs26, Airbus UK27, Seoul National University28, Yonsei University29, University of Oxford30, Chalmers University of Technology31, University of Groningen32, STMicroelectronics33, Chemnitz University of Technology34, Max Planck Society35, Aalto University36
TL;DR: An overview of the key aspects of graphene and related materials, ranging from fundamental research challenges to a variety of applications in a large number of sectors, highlighting the steps necessary to take GRMs from a state of raw potential to a point where they might revolutionize multiple industries are provided.
Abstract: We present the science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems, targeting an evolution in technology, that might lead to impacts and benefits reaching into most areas of society. This roadmap was developed within the framework of the European Graphene Flagship and outlines the main targets and research areas as best understood at the start of this ambitious project. We provide an overview of the key aspects of graphene and related materials (GRMs), ranging from fundamental research challenges to a variety of applications in a large number of sectors, highlighting the steps necessary to take GRMs from a state of raw potential to a point where they might revolutionize multiple industries. We also define an extensive list of acronyms in an effort to standardize the nomenclature in this emerging field.
2,560 citations
TL;DR: The motivation to develop CO2-based chemistry does not depend primarily on the absolute amount of CO2 emissions that can be remediated by a single technology and is stimulated by the significance of the relative improvement in carbon balance and other critical factors defining the environmental impact of chemical production in all relevant sectors in accord with the principles of green chemistry.
Abstract: CO2 conversion covers a wide range of possible application areas from fuels to bulk and commodity chemicals and even to specialty products with biological activity such as pharmaceuticals. In the present review, we discuss selected examples in these areas in a combined analysis of the state-of-the-art of synthetic methodologies and processes with their life cycle assessment. Thereby, we attempted to assess the potential to reduce the environmental footprint in these application fields relative to the current petrochemical value chain. This analysis and discussion differs significantly from a viewpoint on CO2 utilization as a measure for global CO2 mitigation. Whereas the latter focuses on reducing the end-of-pipe problem “CO2 emissions” from todays’ industries, the approach taken here tries to identify opportunities by exploiting a novel feedstock that avoids the utilization of fossil resource in transition toward more sustainable future production. Thus, the motivation to develop CO2-based chemistry does...
1,346 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an international review of numerous power-to-gas pilot plants that have either already been realized or are being planned is presented, which provides information about their installed components and capacities as well as operating experience that has been had with them.
916 citations
TL;DR: A review of the research progress in the development of diverse liquid-phase chemical hydrogen storage materials, including organic and inorganic chemical hydrides, with emphases on the syntheses of active catalysts for catalytic hydrogen generation and storage is presented in this paper.
Abstract: The search for hydrogen storage materials capable of efficiently storing hydrogen in a compact and lightweight package is one of the most difficult challenges for the upcoming hydrogen economy. Liquid chemical hydrides with high gravimetric and volumetric hydrogen densities have the potential to overcome the challenges associated with hydrogen storage. Moreover, the liquid-phase nature of these hydrogen storage systems provides significant advantages of easy recharging, and the availability of the current liquid fuel infrastructure for recharging. In this review, we briefly survey the research progress in the development of diverse liquid-phase chemical hydrogen storage materials, including organic and inorganic chemical hydrides, with emphases on the syntheses of active catalysts for catalytic hydrogen generation and storage. Moreover, the advantages and drawbacks of each storage system are discussed.
617 citations
TL;DR: From 2010 onwards, this review covers recent advancements in this area using homogeneous catalysts for H2 generation, reversible H2 storage including continuous H2 production from formic acid is highlighted.
Abstract: Formic acid (FA, HCO2H) receives considerable attention as a hydrogen storage material. In this respect, hydrogenation of CO2 to FA and dehydrogenation of FA are crucial reaction steps. In the past decade, for both reactions, several molecularly defined and nanostructured catalysts have been developed and intensively studied. From 2010 onwards, this review covers recent advancements in this area using homogeneous catalysts. In addition to the development of catalysts for H2 generation, reversible H2 storage including continuous H2 production from formic acid is highlighted. Special focus is put on recent progress in non-noble metal catalysts.
565 citations