This paper presents a literature review on the use of depth for hand tracking and gesture recognition. The survey examines 37 papers describing depth-based gesture recognition systems in terms of (1) the hand localization and gesture classification methods developed and used, (2) the applications where gesture recognition has been tested, and (3) the effects of the low-cost Kinect and OpenNI software libraries on gesture recognition research. The survey is organized around a novel model of the hand gesture recognition process. In the reviewed literature, 13 methods were found for hand localization and 11 were found for gesture classification. 24 of the papers included real-world applications to test a gesture recognition system, but only 8 application categories were found (and three applications accounted for 18 of the papers). The papers that use the Kinect and the OpenNI libraries for hand tracking tend to focus more on applications than on localization and classification methods, and show that the OpenNI hand tracking method is good enough for the applications tested thus far. However, the limitations of the Kinect and other depth sensors for gesture recognition have yet to be tested in challenging applications and environments.

Hand gesture recognition with depth images: A review

This paper presents the results of a systematic review of existing literature on the integration of agile software development with user-centered design approaches. It shows that a common process model underlies such approaches and discusses which artifacts are used to support the collaboration between designers and developers.

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User-Centered Design and Agile Methods: A Systematic Review

ContextIn the last decade, software development has been characterized by two major approaches: agile software development, which aims to achieve increased velocity and flexibility during the development process, and user-centered design, which places the goals and needs of the system's end-users at the center of software development in order to deliver software with appropriate usability. Hybrid development models, referred to as user-centered agile software development (UCASD) in this article, propose to combine the merits of both approaches in order to design software that is both useful and usable. ObjectiveThis paper aims to capture the current state of the art in UCASD approaches and to derive generic principles from these approaches. More specifically, we investigate the following research question: Which principles constitute a user-centered agile software development approach? MethodWe conduct a systematic review of the literature on UCASD. Identified works are analyzed using a coding scheme that differentiates four levels of UCASD: the process, practices, people/social and technology dimensions. Through subsequent synthesis, we derive generic principles of UCASD. ResultsWe identified and analyzed 83 relevant publications. The analysis resulted in a comprehensive coding system and five principles for UCASD: (1) separate product discovery and product creation, (2) iterative and incremental design and development, (3) parallel interwoven creation tracks, (4) continuous stakeholder involvement, and (5) artifact-mediated communication. ConclusionOur paper contributes to the software development body of knowledge by (1) providing a broad overview of existing works in the area of UCASD, (2) deriving an analysis framework (in form a coding system) for works in this area, going beyond former classifications, and (3) identifying generic principles of UCASD and associating them with specific practices and processes.

Exploring principles of user-centered agile software development

The various agile software development methodologies have promoted since their inception and even demanded high degree to improve the quality of the software product. Usability engineering has made its way into the software mainstream and has caught the attention of software engineers and researchers worldwide due to rapidly growing and volatile internet software industry, despite their different perspectives on creating software both have a major role in making good software. Usability focuses on how the end users will work with the software and agile development focuses on how the software should be developed. The way these two perspectives are being combined in practice is still not well understood. This study is a preliminary literature review that describes the key question that how usability-engineering practices should be integrated with agile software development in order to make stronger and effective usable software system. This paper focuses on identifying the tensions between usability and agile methods. The research aim is to identify the common approach of agile methods and usability engineering by surveying extensive related work on integration of usability and agile methods.

Integrating usability engineering and agile software development: A literature review

Agile development processes and User Centred Design (UCD) integration have been gaining increased interest, in part due to the complementarity of the techniques, the benefits each can apply to the other, and the challenges associated with their combination. This paper describes a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) that was conducted on Agile and UCD integration. The aim of this SLR was to identify various challenging factors that restrict Agile and User Centred Design Integration (AUCDI) and explore the proposed practices to deal with them. The study included a total of 71 papers and excluded 80 papers published from the year 2000 till 2012. AUCDI challenges and their respective proposed practices and success factors were synthesized. A description and taxonomy of AUCDI challenges and its respective success factors and practices were reported. Practitioners can utilise the results in identifying potential AUCDI challenges and practices or success factors to deal with them.

A systematic literature review for agile development processes and user centred design integration

Agile Software Engineering approaches gain more and more popularity in today's development organizations. The need for usable products is also a growing factor for organizations. Thus, their development processes have to react on this demand and have to offer approaches to integrate the factor "usability" in their development processes. The approach presented in this paper evaluates how agile software engineering models consider activities of Usability Engineering to ensure the creation of usable software products. The user-centeredness of the two agile SE models Scrum and XP has been analyzed and the question of how potential gaps can be filled without loosing the process' agility is discussed. As requirements play a decisive role during software development, in Software Engineering as well as Usability Engineering. Therefore, different User Centered Requirements that ensure the development of usable systems served as basis for the gap-analysis.

Incorporating user centered requirement engineering into agile software development

This work presents an approach to overcome the disadvantages of existing interaction frameworks and technologies for touch detection and object interaction. The robust and easy to use framework dSensingNI (Depth Sensing Natural Interaction) is described, which supports multitouch and tangible interaction with arbitrary objects. It uses images from a depth-sensing camera and provides tracking of users fingers of palm of hands and combines this with object interaction, such as grasping, grouping and stacking, which can be used for advanced interaction techniques.

dSensingNI: a framework for advanced tangible interaction using a depth camera

Mixed reality - the close coupling of real world objects with computer generated information and functionality - has high potential for the creation of usable user interfaces. The implementation of practical applications that exploit these benefits requires an exploratory design approach to handle the interaction of application content with newly developed interaction techniques and complex hardware. In this paper we describe how agile methods from software engineering can be integrated with usability engineering and mixed reality development techniques to enable effective design space exploration. The approach was employed in the development of the Augmented Paper Map (APM) project in which conventional paper maps are enhanced with mixed reality functionality. Experiences with the method and future enhancements and modifications of the approach are discussed.

Integrating agile methods for mixed reality design space exploration

ion While this can lead to successful results, it fails to provide a continuous strategy for integration that considers the structural, organizational and operational aspects on equal footing and is adaptable to a variety of established and evolving SE practices This has been illustrated by the advent of so called agile development approaches that have become popular in recent years, resulting in the need for newly adapted strategies for UE integration In the following sections we introduce a systematic approach that covers the three levels of abstraction from standards over process models to operational processes to address this challenge in a systematic way 5 Integration on three Levels of Abstraction In order to identify integration points between the two disciplines examination and analysis has to be performed on each level of the abstraction hierarchy: On the most abstract level of standards it has to be shown that the central aspects of SE and UE can coexist and can be integrated On the level of process models it has to be analyzed how UE aspects can be

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Integrating Software Engineering and Usability Engineering

This paper shows the proceedings and results of an user centered design process that has been applied in order to analyze how processes of management in disaster control can be optimized while using new interaction techniques like multitouch, tangible and pen-based interaction. The study took part in cooperation with the German Federal Agency for Technical Relief. Its statutory tasks include the provision of technical assistance at home and humanitarian aid abroad. Major focus of this work is the IT-support for coordination and management tasks. As result we introduce our prototype application, the software- and hardware requirements towards it as well as the interaction design that was influenced by the outcome of the user centered design process.

Karsten Nebe

Papers

Incorporating user centered requirement engineering into agile software development

dSensingNI: a framework for advanced tangible interaction using a depth camera

Integrating agile methods for mixed reality design space exploration

Integrating Software Engineering and Usability Engineering

Exploiting new interaction techniques for disaster control management using multitouch-, tangible- and pen-based-interaction