Katherine Hu

Bio: Katherine Hu is an academic researcher from University of Utah. The author has contributed to research in topics: Medicine & Ophthalmology. The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 5 publications receiving 62 citations.

Ophthalmic Manifestations Of Coronavirus (COVID-19)

Abstract: Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic caused by the highly transmissible severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [1] There have been several reports of eye redness and irritation in COVID-19 patients, both anecdotal and published, suggesting that conjunctivitis may be an ocular manifestation of SARS-CoV-2 infection A study conducted during the 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak detected SARS-CoV in tear samples in SARS patients in Singapore [2] Lack of eye protection was a primary risk factor of SARS-CoV transmission from SARS patients to healthcare workers in Toronto, prompting a concern that respiratory illness could be transmitted through ocular secretions [3][[4] Similar concerns have been raised with SARS-CoV-2, especially among eye care providers and those on the front lines triaging what could be initial symptoms of COVID-19 As conjunctivitis is a common eye condition, ophthalmologists may be the first medical professionals to evaluate a patient with COVID-19 Indeed, one of the first providers to voice concerns regarding the spread of Coronavirus in Chinese patients was Li Wenliang, MD, an ophthalmologist He later died from COVID-19 and was believed to have contracted the virus from an asymptomatic glaucoma patient in his clinic The authors of this article have attempted to collect the most up-to-date information on ophthalmic manifestations of COVID-19 as a resource for identifying symptoms, providing diagnostic pearls, and mitigating transmission

Maladaptive Perfectionism, Impostorism, and Cognitive Distortions: Threats to the Mental Health of Pre-clinical Medical Students.

Abstract: While medical student wellness has been a subject of recent study and discussion, current efforts may fail to address possible underlying, harmful cognitive distortions regarding academic performance. The authors sought to examine dysfunctional thoughts (maladaptive perfectionism, impostor phenomenon) and negative feelings (shame, embarrassment, inadequacy) that may contribute to poor mental health in pre-clinical medical students. A survey was administered to first-year medical students at Saint Louis University that included assessments for maladaptive perfectionism, impostor phenomenon, depression, and anxiety, as well as questions about feelings of shame, embarrassment, inadequacy, comparison, and self-worth. A total of 169 students (93%) participated. Students who met criteria for maladaptive perfectionism were significantly more likely to report greater feelings of shame/embarrassment and inadequacy (P < 0.001) than their peers who did not; similar associations were observed in students who reported high/intense levels of impostor phenomenon (P < 0.001). Furthermore, students who reported feelings of shame/embarrassment or inadequacy were significantly more likely to report moderate/severe levels of depression symptoms (P < 0.001) and moderate/high levels of anxiety symptoms (P = 0.001) relative to students who did not report these negative feelings. These preliminary data support a model for how negative thoughts may lead to negative emotions, and depression and anxiety in medical students. The authors propose strategies for preventive interventions in medical school beginning in orientation. Further research is needed to develop targeted interventions to promote student mental health through reduction of cognitive distortions and negative feelings of shame, embarrassment, and inadequacy.

Diabetic Retinopathy and Risk of Stroke: A Secondary Analysis of the ACCORD Eye Study.

Abstract: Background and Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common microvascular complication of diabetes, which causes damage to the retina and may lead to rapid vision loss. Previous research has show...

PMON116 Central Diabetes Insipidus in a patient with Pituitary Macroadenoma status post Trans-sphenoidal Resection, complicated by Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus due to Chronic Lithium use

Abstract: Abstract 59-year-old female with PMH of Bipolar disorder and Pituitary macroadenoma presented to the ER yesterday for worsening Headache associated with nausea, vomiting and double vision. Detailed imaging of the pituitary gland demonstrated a hypo enhancing sellar and suprasellar mass extending asymmetric to the right, appears to fill and expand the right cavernous sinus. This was associated with T2 hypo intensity. The hypo enhancing mass measured around 2.9 cm AP by 2.7 cm transverse by 3.5 cm CC, previously 2.9×2.4×3.1 cm. Of note, she was found to have this pituitary macroadenoma non-functional on prior testing. Important to note that she had history of bipolar disorder and it was refractory to many medications and was started on Lithium 10 months prior to this presentation. She underwent Image Guided Endoscopic Trans nasal Transsphenoidal Resection of Pituitary Tumor with reconstruction with Nasoseptal Flap, Lumbar Drain Placement, and Injection of Intrathecal Fluorescein Dye. Her postoperative course was complicated by Central DI and was started on DDAVP treatment. Eventually she developed Panhypopituitarism and needed Levothyroxine and Hydrocortisone replacement therapy. She had a prolonged hospital course due to post-surgical meningitis resulting in fever and encephalopathy. She had persistent hypernatremia and lithium was discontinued given the fact she was found to be in Nephrogenic DI and her hypernatremia requiring intravenous D5 water fluid treatment for a brief period. Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.

The Global Prevalence of Anxiety Among Medical Students: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract: Anxiety, although as common and arguably as debilitating as depression, has garnered less attention, and is often undetected and undertreated in the general population. Similarly, anxiety among medical students warrants greater attention due to its significant implications. We aimed to study the global prevalence of anxiety among medical students and the associated factors predisposing medical students to anxiety. In February 2019, we carried out a systematic search for cross-sectional studies that examined the prevalence of anxiety among medical students. We computed the aggregate prevalence and pooled odds ratio (OR) using the random-effects model and used meta-regression analyses to explore the sources of heterogeneity. We pooled and analyzed data from sixty-nine studies comprising 40,348 medical students. The global prevalence rate of anxiety among medical students was 33.8% (95% Confidence Interval: 29.2–38.7%). Anxiety was most prevalent among medical students from the Middle East and Asia. Subgroup analyses by gender and year of study found no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of anxiety. About one in three medical students globally have anxiety—a prevalence rate which is substantially higher than the general population. Administrators and leaders of medical schools should take the lead in destigmatizing mental illnesses and promoting help-seeking behaviors when students are stressed and anxious. Further research is needed to identify risk factors of anxiety unique to medical students.

Prevalence of Anxiety in Medical Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Rapid Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Abstract: The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has brought a great deal of pressure for medical students, who typically show elevated anxiety rates. Our aim is to investigate the prevalence of anxiety in medical students during this pandemic. This systematic review and mini meta-analysis has been conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Two researchers independently searched PubMed on 26 August 2020 for cross-sectional studies on medical students during the COVID-19 outbreak, with no language restrictions applied. We then performed a manual search to detect other potentially eligible investigations. To the 1361 records retrieved in the initial search, 4 more were added by manual search on medRxiv. Finally, eight studies were finally included for qualitative and quantitative analysis, which yielded an estimated prevalence of anxiety of 28% (95% CI: 22-34%), with significant heterogeneity between studies. The prevalence of anxiety in medical students is similar to that prior to the pandemic but correlates with several specific COVID-related stressors. While some preventive and risk factors have been previously identified in a non-pandemic context, knowledge and cognitions on COVID-19 transmission, treatment, prognosis and prevention negatively correlate with anxiety, emerging as a key preventive factor that may provide a rationale for why the levels of anxiety have remained stable in medical students during the pandemic while increasing in their non-medical peers and the general population. Other reasons for the invariability of anxiety rates in this population are discussed. A major limitation of our review is that Chinese students comprised 89% the total sample, which could compromise the external validity of our work.

COVID-19 and the Ocular Surface: A Review of Transmission and Manifestations.

Abstract: The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has reached pandemic proportions within an unprecedented span of time....