Kavindra Nath Tiwari

Bio: Kavindra Nath Tiwari is an academic researcher from Banaras Hindu University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Shoot & Murashige and Skoog medium. The author has an hindex of 17, co-authored 58 publications receiving 1396 citations.

Comparative studies of cytokinins on in vitro propagation of Bacopa monniera

Abstract: A mass in vitro propagation system for Bacopa monniera (L) Wettst (Scrophulariaceae), a medicinally important plant, has been developed A range of cytokinins have been investigated for multiple shoot induction with node, internode and leaf explants Of the four cytokinins (6-benzyladenine, thidiazuron, kinetin and 2-isopentenyladenine) tested thidiazuron (68 μM) and 6-benzyladenine (89 μM) proved superior to other treatments Optimum adventitious shoot buds induction occurred at 68 μM thidiazuron where an average of 93 shoot buds were produced in leaf explants after 7 weeks of incubation However, subculture of leaf explants on medium containing 22 μM benzyladenine yielded a higher number (1291) of adventitious shoot buds by the end of third subculture The percentage shoot multiplication (100%) as well as the number of shoots per explant remained the high during the first 3 subculture cycles, facilitating their simultaneous harvest for rooting In vitro derived shoots were elongated on growth regulator-free MS medium and exhibited better rooting response on medium containing 49 μM IBA After a hardening phase of 3 weeks, there was an almost 100% transplantation success in the field

Plant growth promoting activities of fungi and their effect on chickpea plant growth.

Abstract: Aspergillus niger strain BHUAS01, Penicillium citrinum strain BHUPC01 and Trichoderma harzianum was tested for phosphate solubilizing potential and plant hormones production (indole acetic acid). The fungal strains were tested for their in-vitro phosphate solubilizing potential using Pikovskaya broth containing tricalcium phosphate (TCP) as the sole phosphorus source. All the cultures were found to solubilize TCP but with varying potential. The Aspergillus niger showed maximum amount of soluble phosphate (328 μg mL-1), followed by P. citrinum (301 μg mL-1) and T. harzianum (287 μg mL-1) after 6 days of incubation at 28±2°C. Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) production was estimated maximum in A. niger (85 μg mL-1) followed by T. harzianum (68 μg mL-1) and P. citrinum (52 μg mL-1) after 3 days of incubation at 28+2°C. T. harzianum is a well known biological controlling agent against several soil borne phytopathogens. It showed antagonistic against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. Under laboratory conditions, coinoculation of T. harzianum and A. niger showed significant increase in chickpea (Cicer arietinum) growth parameters including shoot length, root length and dry weight of shoot and root followed by single inoculation of T. harzianum and coinoculation of A. niger and P. citrinum over control. The study explores high P-solubilizing potential of A. niger and T. harzianum, which can be exploited for the solubilization of fixed phosphates present in the soil and produce IAA, thereby enhancing soil fertility and plant growth. Coinoculation of T. harzianum and A. niger could be effective biofertilizer and biocontroling agent for chickpea production.

Micropropagation of Centella asiatica (L.), a valuable medicinal herb

Abstract: A protocol is described for rapid and large-scale in vitro clonal propagation of the valuable medicinal herb Centella asiatica (L) by enhanced axillary bud proliferation in nodal segments isolated from mature plants Although bud break was dependent on BA supply, the synergistic combination of 222 μM BA and 268 μM NAA induced the optimum frequency (91%) of shoot formation as well as shoot number (4 to 5 shoots per node) Subculturing of nodal segments harvested from the in vitro derived axenic shoots on the multiplication medium enabled continuous production of healthy shoots with similar frequency MS medium supplemented with 67 μM BA and 288 μM IAA was found most suitable for shoot elongation Rooting was highest (90%) on full-strength MS medium containing 246 μM IBA Micropropagated plants established in garden soil were uniform and identical to the donor plant with respect to growth characteristics This micropropagation procedure could be useful for raising a stock of genetically homogenous plant material for field cultivation

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR): emergence in agriculture

Abstract: Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are the rhizosphere bacteria that can enhance plant growth by a wide variety of mechanisms like phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, biological nitrogen fixation, rhizosphere engineering, production of 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACC), quorum sensing (QS) signal interference and inhibition of biofilm formation, phytohormone production, exhibiting antifungal activity, production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), induction of systemic resistance, promoting beneficial plant-microbe symbioses, interference with pathogen toxin production etc. The potentiality of PGPR in agriculture is steadily increased as it offers an attractive way to replace the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides and other supplements. Growth promoting substances are likely to be produced in large quantities by these rhizosphere microorganisms that influence indirectly on the overall morphology of the plants. Recent progress in our understanding on the diversity of PGPR in the rhizosphere along with their colonization ability and mechanism of action should facilitate their application as a reliable component in the management of sustainable agricultural system. The progress to date in using the rhizosphere bacteria in a variety of applications related to agricultural improvement along with their mechanism of action with special reference to plant growth-promoting traits are summarized and discussed in this review.

Methods Of Enzymatic Analysis

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Agricultural benefits and environmental risks of soil fertilization with anaerobic digestates: a review.

Abstract: Intensive soil fertilization with mineral fertilizers has led to several issues such as high cost, nitrate pollution and loss of soil carbon. Fertilization with organic matter such as compost therefore represents an alternative for sustainable agriculture. Traditional organic amendments such as manures, composts and sewage sludge have been extensively studied in the past. However, applications of biogas digestates and their impacts on the environment and human health are still unexplored. Recent articles report the agricultural potential and conflicting results of digestate performances. As a consequence, the effectiveness of digestate as organic amendment and fertilizer is still under debate. Here we review the legislative, chemical, agronomic and environmental literature on anaerobic digestates. We found that digestates can be considered as organic amendments or organic fertilizers, when properly handled and managed. Indeed we further show that anaerobic digestates have a higher potential to harm the environment and human health than undigested animal manures and slurries. The main points are the following: (1) Most solid digestates comply with the European organic matter minimal requirement for an organic amendment; (2) the fertilizer values of liquid digestates lie between those of livestock manures and inorganic fertilizers; (3) anaerobic digestates have higher NH3 emission potential than undigested animal manures and slurries and, consequently, pose a greater risk to the broad environment; (4) high Cu and Zn concentrations in digestates from co-digestion of pig and cattle slurry feedstock could jeopardize the sustainability of agricultural soils and (5) high Mn concentrations in digestates can induce Mn toxicity in agricultural soils, upon repeated applications.