Simultaneous absorption of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide into aqueous monoethanolamine solutions

applications in water and wastewater treatment A simple methodology to account quantitatively for the effects of the acid-base reactions on the gas transfer rate was developed, checked by comparison with laboratory data, and applied to an actual drinking water problem situation Equations for application to a variety of gas-liquid contacting reactors are given The rate of gas adsorption or stripping was shown to be drastically influenced by pH in applicable cases Laboratory results for stripping of carbon dioxide in batch reactors and continuous-flow countercurrent packed towers compared excellently with the theory The theory was applied to a full-scale operating system in which hydrogen sulfide is stripped from a groundwater drinking water supply; simultaneous stripping of carbon dioxide and oxidation of the sulfide were accounted for Reduction of the influent pH was recommended to improve the stripping of the hydrogen sulfide

Acid-Base Reactions in Gas Transfer: A Mathematical Approach

Simultaneous absorption of hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide into potassium carbonate solution with or without amine promoters

Glutathione is a natural anti-aging substance that prevents the oxidation of protein thiols from reactive oxygen species. In the pharmaceutical industry, reduced glutathione (GSH) has been widely used for skin whitening due to its ability to inhibit tyrosinase. However, its poor permeability and foul odor limit its use in skin applications. Herein, we report a GSH-loaded dissolving microneedle (MN) patch prepared with hyaluronic acid (HA) that enables enhanced permeation across the skin and reduces the foul odor of GSH. HA was selected to prepare odorless GSH solutions and used for MN fabrications as a carrier of GSH. GSH-loaded MN (GSH-MN) arrays prepared from MN-forming solution containing up to 10% GSH showed good pattern uniformity and appropriate mechanical properties for insertion into the skin. The GSH-MNs with a loading capacity of 17.4% dissolve within 10 min following insertion into porcine skin and release the loaded GSH without being oxidized. This new approach combines functional biopolymers to reduce the characteristic GSH odor and advanced transdermal delivery based on MN technology to enhance skin permeation without pain. We believe this technique could expand the application of GSH in many cosmeceutical fields.

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Odorless Glutathione Microneedle Patches for Skin Whitening.

Research on black-liquor conversion at the Technical Research Centre of Finland

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcej1968/5/1/5_1_27/_pdf

Kenjiro Yokota

Papers

Simultaneous absorption of hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide in aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions