Due to fast climate change and foreseen damage through global warming, access to clean and green energy has become very much essential for the sustainable development of the society, globally. Biomass based energy is one of the important renewable energy resources to meet the day to day energy requirements and is as old as the human civilization. Biomass gasification is among few important aspects of bioenergy for producing heat, power and biofuels for useful applications. Despite, the availability of vast literature, technological and material advancements, the dissemination of gasification technology could not overcome the critical barriers for the widespread acceptability over the conventional energy resources. This article presents a comprehensive review on the technical advancements, developments of biomass gasification technology and the barriers being faced by different stakeholders in the wide dissemination of the technology for day to day requirements of the society, followed by recommendations for policy makers to make this technology popular while serving the society.

Recent advances in the development of biomass gasification technology: A comprehensive review

United Nations environment Programme (NL)

Producer gas from biomass gasification can be used as a replacement fuel in spark- ignition engines. In this study, a small, single-cylinder, naturally aspirated diesel engine was modified into a spark-ignition engine. A conventional swirl chamber was replaced by a bath tube combustion chamber. Optimum spark ignition time was set for each engine speed to give maximum brake torque. It was fueled with 100% producer gas and coupled to a 5.0-kW dynamometer. A downdraft gasifier was used to generate producer gas from charcoal. Engine performance in terms of engine torque, brake power, brake thermal efficiency and brake specific fuel consumption were evaluated at variable compression ratios between 9.7:1-17:1. Engine speed and load were varied between 1100-1900 rpm and 20-100% respectively. At a certain combination of compression ratio, engine speed and load, deceleration and knocking were detected. Maximum engine torque and brake power were 18.6 Nm and 3.3 kW respectively, at a compression ratio of 14:1, full load and 1700 rpm. The best specific fuel consumption of 0.94 kg/kWh and maximum brake thermal efficiency of about 19% were obtained.

http://www.mijst.mju.ac.th/vol9/10-20.pdf

Performance investigation of a modified small engine fueled with producer gas

A lot of energy consumption and the abundance of waste stimulate various alternative energy from biomass. One of the biomasses that has not been widely used is palm starch waste. Palm’s starch home industry in Indonesia produced solid waste that could be converted to synthesis gas through the gasification process. Production of palm starch increases in 2019, gives rise to accumulation waste, causes various diseases, and damages the environment, requiring specific handling. This study investigated the effect of binder material of RDF on palm starch waste. The variations of binder materials used tapioca, rice flour, and mangosteen peel. RDF of palm starch waste with variations of mangosteen peel binder produces the highest calorific value than starch and rice flour, 4009.62 cal/gr. However, RDF with tapioca flour binder has the highest volatile content, so that it can ignite and burn better than rice flour and mangosteen peel binder.

Optimization of Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) of solid waste in palm starch home industry through the variations of binder materials

At present, municipal and city corporation governments throughout the world are facing choices about how to manage the unending stream of waste generated by their residents and businesses. In many places landfills and dumpsites are filling up, and all landfills and dumpsites leak into the environment; due to increasing populations, the issue of waste becomes more urgent and more complicated. Many regions are already facing a waste crisis, and drastic measures are needed. In the past, the main approach to waste management operations is the landfill which is causes many environmental pollutions and health hazards. Furthermore, extending the land for land filling is the one of best solutions. This paper demonstrated the performance analysis of power generation producer gas from RDF-5 in Chiang Mai University, Thailand. The efficiency of different ratio waste composition and of RDF-5 was revealed. In addition, the humidity, density and heat capacity of RDF-5 are also focused. In order to analyze the compositions, heat capacity of producer gas, fuel consumption, efficiency of producer gas system, waste water and quantity of ash; RDF-5 have been tested by using producer gas in different ratio of oxygen and fuel. In term of automobile application, the performance of RDF-5 and Diesel-RDF-5 are compared; and the specific factors such as power, specific fuel consumption rate, carbon dioxide, sound level and fuel feeding were included that comparison. Consequently, this paper mainly focused and concerned with the production and properties of refuse derived fuel-5 for use in energy from waste technologies.

/pdf/performance-analysis-of-power-generation-by-producer-gas-1uieep43cv.pdf

Khamatanh Santisouk

Papers

Performance Analysis of Power Generation by Producer Gas from Refuse Derived Fuel-5 (RDF-5)