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Kibum Kim

Bio: Kibum Kim is an academic researcher from Sungkyunkwan University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Supply and demand & Cultural diversity. The author has an hindex of 3, co-authored 7 publications receiving 1633 citations.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
27 May 2011-Science
TL;DR: The differences across cultures in the enforcement of conformity may reflect their specific histories and advances knowledge that can foster cross-cultural understanding in a world of increasing global interdependence and has implications for modeling cultural change.
Abstract: With data from 33 nations, we illustrate the differences between cultures that are tight (have many strong norms and a low tolerance of deviant behavior) versus loose (have weak social norms and a high tolerance of deviant behavior). Tightness-looseness is part of a complex, loosely integrated multilevel system that comprises distal ecological and historical threats (e.g., high population density, resource scarcity, a history of territorial conflict, and disease and environmental threats), broad versus narrow socialization in societal institutions (e.g., autocracy, media regulations), the strength of everyday recurring situations, and micro-level psychological affordances (e.g., prevention self-guides, high regulatory strength, need for structure). This research advances knowledge that can foster cross-cultural understanding in a world of increasing global interdependence and has implications for modeling cultural change.

1,895 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This article found that individuals with lower (vs. higher) collectivistic descriptive norms ascribed more blame after more intentional acts and less blame after less intentional acts, while individuals with higher (vs., higher) descriptive norms perceived more harm after right violations and less harm after duty violations.
Abstract: The purpose of this research is to test whether descriptive norms, or cognitions about typical beliefs, values, and behaviors of one's group, can explain cultural influence in the domains of blame attribution and harm perception. In Study 1, using participants from the United States and South Korea, the authors find that individuals with lower (vs. higher) collectivistic descriptive norms ascribed more blame after more intentional acts and less blame after less intentional acts. In the second study, using American and South Korean participants, the authors find that individuals with lower (vs. higher) collectivistic descriptive norms perceived more harm after right violations and less harm after duty violations. Collectivistic personal attitudes did not predict the expected differences in attribution of blame or perception of harm. The descriptive norm account of cultural influence provides an alternative to the currently dominant personal attitude paradigm.

176 citations

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2006
TL;DR: Choi et al. as discussed by the authors classified Korean people into two types of relationships according to the weness category: the former type of relationships, relationships with others within the category of weness, is characterized by the strong sense of our folks, private passion and emotion, interpersonal jung.
Abstract: For Koreans, forming close relationships with each other has special meanings to their interpersonal behavior. For example, quality of relationships between family members, close friends or colleagues is quite different from that of relationships between acquaintances or strangers (Cha, 1994; Choi, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000; Choi & Choi, 1994; Choi & Kim, 1999a, 1999b, 2000; Choi, Kim, & Choi, 1993; Park, 1979; see also Gardner, Gabriel, & Lee, 1999). Categorization of weness (ingroup identity) is a mechanism, which underlies how Koreans interact with others. The former type of relationships, relationships with others within the category of weness, is characterized by the strong sense of our folks, private passion and emotion, interpersonal jung.2 Recently, Korean goverment has changed the English spelling of Korean words. The words jung and shimjung have been previously written as cheong and shimcheong.2 ( , deep affection and attachment) and uiri ( , loyalty) unconditioned friendship, mutual altruism and exclusive favoritism (Choi, 1998; Choi & Kim, 1999a). The latter type of relationships, relationships with others out of the weness category, however, is characterized by reason-based rationality, objective social norms, individual interests, social justice and equity. Like this, Koreans have different types of interactions with others depending on whether they are members of the weness category or not.

20 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the structure of a real distribution network of agricultural product in Korea and investigated how the change in the supply may affect the price changes in agents across the distribution network.
Abstract: We use the structure of a real distribution network of agricultural product in Korea and investigate how the change in the supply may affect the price changes in agents across the distribution network. In particular, we focus on the real network structure of cabbage distribution composed of various types of agents, from farms to consumers, and apply a dynamic model to describe how each participant reacts upon the change of input and output flow of products through the adjustment of price. Our main result implies that the effect of fluctuation of production quantity in the supplying participant can be nontrivial and the consumer price responds to such changes. We believe that our results can be useful to predict what will happen if the agricultural production changes much in the future due to the climate changes.

3 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
23 Nov 2015
TL;DR: A growing network model in which the strength of the intimacy among members is a tunable control parameter is proposed and it is found that it takes longer time for new nodes to make strong connections when the intimacy becomes stronger.
Abstract: Recent development of information technology allows us to efficiently communicate with others, sharing common interest and finding new friends. Numerous online communities are formed and disappear, but only a few survive the competition. Even after the survival, they eventually suffer from a decline as time goes on. Formation of a small intimate group within a community is often observed, and the members of this tightly-connected group play an important role providing strong activity in the community. However, the development of such an intimate group can exhibit a dark side effect: Other members in the community may feel left out and isolated, and newcomers may have hard time to join the already established intimacy. We believe that such a development of the tightly connected group of small number of intimate members can harm the further growth of the whole community, eventually reducing the community size. In this paper, we propose a growing network model in which the strength of the intimacy among members is a tunable control parameter. We observe how the size of the giant component is affected by the strength of the intimacy and find that it takes longer time for new nodes to make strong connections when the intimacy becomes stronger. Such alienated newcomers lose their connections and are driven out of the system, reducing the size of the connected component of the network.

1 citations


Cited by
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28 Jul 2005
TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1(PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员,通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

18,940 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism are discussed. And the history of European ideas: Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 721-722.

13,842 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence from a selection of research topics relevant to pandemics is discussed, including work on navigating threats, social and cultural influences on behaviour, science communication, moral decision-making, leadership, and stress and coping.
Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic represents a massive global health crisis. Because the crisis requires large-scale behaviour change and places significant psychological burdens on individuals, insights from the social and behavioural sciences can be used to help align human behaviour with the recommendations of epidemiologists and public health experts. Here we discuss evidence from a selection of research topics relevant to pandemics, including work on navigating threats, social and cultural influences on behaviour, science communication, moral decision-making, leadership, and stress and coping. In each section, we note the nature and quality of prior research, including uncertainty and unsettled issues. We identify several insights for effective response to the COVID-19 pandemic and highlight important gaps researchers should move quickly to fill in the coming weeks and months.

3,223 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
27 May 2011-Science
TL;DR: It is indicated that upon attack by a fungal root pathogen, plants can exploit microbial consortia from soil for protection against infections.
Abstract: Disease-suppressive soils are exceptional ecosystems in which crop plants suffer less from specific soil-borne pathogens than expected owing to the activities of other soil microorganisms. For most disease-suppressive soils, the microbes and mechanisms involved in pathogen control are unknown. By coupling PhyloChip-based metagenomics of the rhizosphere microbiome with culture-dependent functional analyses, we identified key bacterial taxa and genes involved in suppression of a fungal root pathogen. More than 33,000 bacterial and archaeal species were detected, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria consistently associated with disease suppression. Members of the γ-Proteobacteria were shown to have disease-suppressive activity governed by nonribosomal peptide synthetases. Our data indicate that upon attack by a fungal root pathogen, plants can exploit microbial consortia from soil for protection against infections.

1,948 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a model of radicalization and deradicalization based on the notion that the quest for personal significance constitutes a major motivational force that may push individuals toward violent extremism.
Abstract: We present a model of radicalization and deradicalization based on the notion that the quest for personal significance constitutes a major motivational force that may push individuals toward violent extremism. Radicalization is defined as the process of supporting or engaging in activities deemed (by others) as in violation of important social norms (e.g., the killing of civilians). In these terms, radicalization (1) is a matter of degree (in which mere attitudinal support for violence reflects a lower degree of radicalization than actual engagement in violence); (2) represents a subjective judgment proffered by those for whom the violated norms seem important but not by those who have devalued or suppressed the norms in question. Our radicalization/deradicalization model contains three crucial components: (1) the motivational component (the quest for personal significance) that defines a goal to which one may be committed, (2) the ideological component that in addition identifies the means of violence as appropriate for this goal's pursuit, and (3) the social process of networking and group dynamics through which the individual comes to share in the violence-justifying ideology and proceeds to implement it as a means of significance gain. We present empirical evidence consistent with our model's assumptions and discuss its implications for policies of preventing radicalization and effecting deradicalization.

491 citations