Kim A. Eagle

Bio: Kim A. Eagle is an academic researcher from University of Michigan. The author has contributed to research in topics: Aortic dissection & Myocardial infarction. The author has an hindex of 129, co-authored 823 publications receiving 75160 citations. Previous affiliations of Kim A. Eagle include University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics & Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital.

Effect of Statin Use in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes and a Serum Low-Density Lipoprotein ≤80 mg/dl

Abstract: We identified 155 patients who were admitted with an acute coronary syndrome and a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≤80 mg/dl and were not on statin therapy at hospital admission. The relation between statin therapy at discharge and clinical outcome was evaluated in these patients. Compared with patients who were not discharged on statins, those who were had a lower incidence of death, reinfarction, or stroke at 6 months (29.0% vs 9.5%, p = 0.005). These results suggest that patients who have an acute coronary syndrome and a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≤80 mg/dl in the absence of statin therapy may benefit from such therapy at discharge.

Impact of combination evidence based medical treatment in patients with acute coronary syndromes in various TIMI risk groups.

Abstract: The term acute coronary syndrome (ACS) refers to a spectrum of acute severe cardiac disorders which include unstable angina (UA), non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients presenting with ACS represent a major health problem, accounting for 2.5 million hospitalisations and 500 000 deaths annually in the USA alone.1 We have previously demonstrated that use of combination evidence based medical treatments including antiplatelet agents, β blockers, statins, and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors is independently and strongly associated with lower six month mortality in patients with ACS.2 In the present study we assessed the treatment effect of combination therapy in patients stratified according to their risk of future cardiovascular events according to the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) risk score. There were 1358 patients who were admitted to, or discharged from, inpatient services at the University of Michigan Medical Center from 1 January 1999 to 11 March 2002 with a diagnosis of ACS. Ninety four patients had documented contraindications to β blockers or ACE inhibitors and were excluded from the analysis. The study cohort included the remaining 1264 patients. The study protocol was approved by the institutional review board at the University of Michigan and informed consent was obtained from all patients. Mortality data at six months follow up was obtained for 100% of the patients based on health system record review and/or telephone call interview. An appropriateness algorithm for the use of each of the …

Childhood obesity: A comparison of health habits of middle-school students from two communities.

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether children's diet and physical activity patterns differ between neighboring communities with differing resources. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We compared the health behaviors of middle-school students in two Michigan communities; Ann Arbor and Ypsilanti; median household income of US$46,299 and 28,610, respectively. Self-reported diet and physical activity habits were collected. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 733 middle-school students from two neighboring communities (five Ann Arbor and two Ypsilanti middle schools) participated in the study. MEASURES: Data on age, gender, and racial/ethnic factors were collected as part of the baseline assessment. Students were also measured for height and weight. Body mass index was calculated. Information on diet and physical activity in addition to amounts and types of sedentary activities was assessed via questionnaires. RESULTS: More Ypsilanti schoolchildren were obese compared to the Ann Arbor schoolchildren (22.2% vs 12.6%; P = 0.01). The Ypsilanti schoolchildren reported higher consumption of fried meats (7.5% vs 3.2%; P = 0.02), French fries or chips (14.3% vs 7.9%; P = 0.02), punch or sports drinks (24.1% vs 12.2%; P = 0.001) and soda (18% vs 7.9%; P < 0.001) compared to the Ann Arbor children. School-based activities including physical education classes (58.6% vs 89.7%; P < 0.001) and sports teams (34.6% vs 62.8%; P < 0.001) differed for Ypsilanti schoolchildren vs Ann Arbor children. Sedentary behaviors were higher in the Ypsilanti children. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in diet and physical activity habits among children from two neighboring communities with varying resources suggests a need for school-based interventions to promote healthy behaviors among middle-school students.

Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure

Abstract: The National High Blood Pressure Education Program presents the complete Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Like its predecessors, the purpose is to provide an evidence-based approach to the prevention and management of hypertension. The key messages of this report are these: in those older than age 50, systolic blood pressure (BP) of greater than 140 mm Hg is a more important cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor than diastolic BP; beginning at 115/75 mm Hg, CVD risk doubles for each increment of 20/10 mm Hg; those who are normotensive at 55 years of age will have a 90% lifetime risk of developing hypertension; prehypertensive individuals (systolic BP 120-139 mm Hg or diastolic BP 80-89 mm Hg) require health-promoting lifestyle modifications to prevent the progressive rise in blood pressure and CVD; for uncomplicated hypertension, thiazide diuretic should be used in drug treatment for most, either alone or combined with drugs from other classes; this report delineates specific high-risk conditions that are compelling indications for the use of other antihypertensive drug classes (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor blockers, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers); two or more antihypertensive medications will be required to achieve goal BP (<140/90 mm Hg, or <130/80 mm Hg) for patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease; for patients whose BP is more than 20 mm Hg above the systolic BP goal or more than 10 mm Hg above the diastolic BP goal, initiation of therapy using two agents, one of which usually will be a thiazide diuretic, should be considered; regardless of therapy or care, hypertension will be controlled only if patients are motivated to stay on their treatment plan. Positive experiences, trust in the clinician, and empathy improve patient motivation and satisfaction. This report serves as a guide, and the committee continues to recognize that the responsible physician's judgment remains paramount.

Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging.

Abstract: The rapid technological developments of the past decade and the changes in echocardiographic practice brought about by these developments have resulted in the need for updated recommendations to the previously published guidelines for cardiac chamber quantification, which was the goal of the joint writing group assembled by the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging. This document provides updated normal values for all four cardiac chambers, including three-dimensional echocardiography and myocardial deformation, when possible, on the basis of considerably larger numbers of normal subjects, compiled from multiple databases. In addition, this document attempts to eliminate several minor discrepancies that existed between previously published guidelines.

ACC/AHA 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease

Abstract: PREAMBLE......e4 APPENDIX 1......e121 APPENDIX 2......e122 APPENDIX 3......e124 REFERENCES......e124 It is important that the medical profession play a significant role in critically evaluating the use of diagnostic procedures and therapies as they are introduced in the detection, management,

ACC/AHA Guidelines for the Management of Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction—Executive Summary A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 1999 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction)

Abstract: Although considerable improvement has occurred in the process of care for patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), room for improvement exists.[1–3][1][][2][][3] The purpose of the present guideline is to focus on the numerous advances in the diagnosis and management of patients