Procedure for Estimation and Reporting of Uncertainty Due to Discretization in CFD Applications

This review covers Verification, Validation, Confirmation and related subjects for computational fluid dynamics (CFD), including error taxonomies, error estimation and banding, convergence rates, surrogate estimators, nonlinear dynamics, and error estimation for grid adaptation vs Quantification of Uncertainty.

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Quantification of uncertainty in computational fluid dynamics

AIJ guidelines for practical applications of CFD to pedestrian wind environment around buildings

https://www.southampton.ac.uk/~nwb/lectures/GoodPracticeCFD/Articles/Validation_SAND2002-0529.pdf

Verification and Validation in Computational Fluid Dynamics

We present a comprehensive approach to verification and validation methodology and procedures for CFD simulations from an already developed CFD code applied without requiring availability of the source code for specified objectives, geometry, conditions, and available benchmark information. Concepts, definitions, and equations derived for simulation errors and uncertainties provide the overall mathematical framework. Verification is defined as a process for assessing simulation numerical uncertainty and, when conditions permit, estimating the sign and magnitude of the numerical error itself and the uncertainty in that error estimate. The approach for estimating errors and uncertainties includes (1) the option of treating the numerical error as deterministic or stochastic, (2) the use of generalized Richardson extrapolation for J input parameters, and (3) the concept of correction factors based on analytical benchmarks, which provides a quantitative metric to determine proximity of the solutions to the asymptotic range, accounts for the effects of higher-order terms, and are used for defining and estimating errors and uncertainties

Comprehensive Approach to Verification and Validation of CFD Simulations—Part 1: Methodology and Procedures

A professional problem exists in the computational fluid dynamics community and also in the broader area of com­ putational physics. Namely, there is a need for higher stan­ dards on the control of numerical accuracy. The numerical fluid dynamics community is aware of this problem but, although individual researchers strive to control accuracy, the issue has not to our knowledge been addressed

Kirti N. Ghia

Papers

Editorial Policy Statement on the Control of Numerical Accuracy