Krishnamoorthy Anbalagan

Bio: Krishnamoorthy Anbalagan is an academic researcher from Pondicherry University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Cobalt & Adsorption. The author has an hindex of 12, co-authored 53 publications receiving 463 citations. Previous affiliations of Krishnamoorthy Anbalagan include Gandhigram Rural Institute & SRM University.

Adsorption dynamics and equilibrium studies of Zn (II) onto chitosan

Abstract: Batch equilibration studies are conducted to determine the nature of adsorption of zinc (II) over chitosan. The factors affecting the adsorption process like particle size, contact time, dosage, pH, effects of chloride and nitrate are identified. The influence of temperature and co-ions on the adsorption process is verified. The fraction of adsorption,Y t and the intraparticle diffusion rate constant,k p are calculated at different environments and the results are discussed. The nature of adsorption of the zinc (II)-chitosan system is explained using Freundlich, Langmuir isotherms and thermodynamic parameters

Adsorption studies of iron(III) on chitin

Abstract: Adsorption of ferric ions by chitin was studied by the batch equilibration method. The influence of particle size and dosage of the adsorbant, contact time, initial concentration of the adsorbate and temperature were experimentally verified. The effect of anions like chloride, nitrate and sulphate and also of cations like zinc, chromium and copper on the adsorption of iron(III) was determined. The time dependence of fraction of adsorption,Yt, at varying particle sizes and doses of chitin and the intraparticle diffusion rate constants,k p , of the adsorption process were calculated. Thermodynamic and equilibrium parameters of the reaction were determined to understand the sorption behaviour of chitin. The results revealed that the adsorption of iron(III) by chitin is spontaneous, endothermic and favourable.

Facile synthesis of iron oxide coupled and doped titania nanocomposites: tuning of physicochemical and photocatalytic properties

Abstract: A facile hydrothermal method was firstly employed to synthesize iron oxide coupled and doped titania nanocomposites using an aqueous solution of titanium nitrate. The present nanocomposites exhibit altered compositional, optical, electrical, magnetic and photocatalytic properties with respect to varying dosage of iron in the titania matrix. The architecture of characteristic iron oxide such as Fe2O3 coupled with titania was confirmed by 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy and X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopic measurements. The enhanced photocatalytic activity was demonstrated by comparing with that of pure hematite, anatase TiO2, rutile TiO2 and P25 in the degradation of methylene blue under visible light (λ > 480 nm) irradiation in an aqueous suspension. The strategy presented here gives a promising route towards the development of a metal oxide coupled and doped semiconductor material for applied photocatalysis and related applications.

Adsorption of toxic Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution by sulphuric acid modified Strychnos potatorum seeds in batch and column studies

Abstract: A new low-cost adsorbent such as sulphuric acid modified Strychnos potatorum seeds (SMSP) was employed for the removal of toxic Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solution in batch and column modes. Results showed that the removal of Cr(VI) ions could be effectively removed with the SMSP in batch operation. Adsorption of Cr(VI) ions onto SMSP followed the pseudo-first-order and Redlich–Peterson models in batch operation and Thomas model in column operation. Adsorption was more favourable at acidic pH of 2.0 with the maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 202.7 mg/g. NaOH was a better desorbing agent with the recovery of 93.245% of Cr(VI) ions. Column studies were optimized with various parameters such as bed height (2–10 cm), Cr(VI) ions concentration (50–250 mg/L) and flow rate (5–25 mL/min). According to the fact that SMSP-based adsorption process could be a promising technology for the removal of Cr(VI) ions from wastewaters.

Preparation and adsorption properties of monodisperse chitosan-bound Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles for removal of Cu(II) ions.

Abstract: Monodisperse chitosan-bound Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles were developed as a novel magnetic nano-adsorbent for the removal of heavy metal ions. Chitosan was first carboxymethylated and then covalently bound on the surface of Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles via carbodiimide activation. Transmission electron microscopy micrographs showed that the chitosan-bound Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles were monodisperse and had a mean diameter of 13.5 nm. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the magnetic nanoparticles were pure Fe(3)O(4) with a spinel structure, and the binding of chitosan did not result in a phase change. The binding of chitosan was also demonstrated by the measurement of zeta potential, and the weight percentage of chitosan bound to Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles was estimated to be about 4.92 wt%. The chitosan-bound Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles were shown to be quite efficient for the removal of Cu(II) ions at pH>2. In particular, the adsorption rate was so fast that the equilibrium was achieved within 1 min due to the absence of internal diffusion resistance. The adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir equation with a maximum adsorption capacity of 21.5 mg g(-1) and a Langmuir adsorption equilibrium constant of 0.0165 L mg(-1). The pH and temperature effects revealed that the adsorption capacity increased significantly with increasing pH at pH 2-5, and the adsorption process was exothermic in nature with an enthalpy change of -6.14 kJ mol(-1) at 300-330 K.

Elements Of Chemical Reaction Engineering

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Magnetic chitosan nanoparticles: Studies on chitosan binding and adsorption of Co(II) ions

Abstract: The magnetic chitosan nanoparticles of 13.5 nm were prepared as a magnetic nano-adsorbent by the carboxymethylation of chitosan and the followed binding on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles via carbodiimide activation. Their saturation magnetization, remanent magnetization, coercivity, and squareness were 62 emu/g, 1.8 emu/g, 6.0 Oe, and 0.029, respectively, reflecting their superparamagnetic property. The binding reaction of carboxymethyl chitosan on the surface of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles was much faster than the self-crosslinking of carboxymethyl chitosan, and the appropriate reaction time was 1 h. At low carboxymethyl chitosan concentrations, the binding efficiency could be as high as 100%. The maximum amount of chitosan bound on the Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles was 4.92 wt%. In addition, magnetic chitosan nano-adsorbent was shown to be quite efficient for the fast removal of Co(II) ions at pH 3–7 and 20–45 °C. The maximum adsorption capacity for Co(II) ions occurred at pH 5.5, and the adsorption process was exothermic in nature with an enthalpy change of −12.04 kJ/mol. The equilibrium was achieved within 1 min, and the adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir equation with a maximum adsorption capacity of 27.5 mg/g (557 mg/g based on the weight of chitosan) and a Langmuir adsorption equilibrium constant of 0.034 l/mg at 25 °C. Such fast adsorption rate and high adsorption capacity could be attributed to the absence of internal diffusion resistance and the high specific surface area.