Kuem Sun Han

Bio: Kuem Sun Han is an academic researcher from Korea University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Coping (psychology) & Quality of life (healthcare). The author has an hindex of 17, co-authored 80 publications receiving 996 citations. Previous affiliations of Kuem Sun Han include Naver Corporation.

Stress and Sleep Disorder

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to review potential, physiological, hormonal and neuronal mechanisms that may mediate the sleep changes This paper investigates the literatures regarding the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, one of the main neuroendocrine stress systems during sleep in order to identify relations between stress and sleep disorder and the treatment of stress-induced insomnia Sleep and wakefulness are regulated by the aminergic, cholinergic brainstem and hypothalamic systems Activation of the HPA and/or the sympathetic nervous systems results in wakefulness and these hormones including corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol or corticosterone, noradrenaline, and adrenaline, are associated with attention and arousal Stress-related insomnia leads to a vicious circle by activating the HPA system An awareness of the close interaction between sleep and stress systems is emerging and the hypothalamus is now recognized as a key center for sleep regulation, with hypothalamic neurontransmitter systems providing the framework for therapeutic advances An updated understanding of these systems may allow researchers to elucidate neural mechanisms of sleep disorder and to develop effective intervention for sleep disorder

[Self efficacy, health promoting behaviors, and symptoms of stress among university students].

Abstract: PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between self efficacy (SE), health promoting behaviors (HPB) and symptoms of stress (SOS) among university students. METHOD Data was collected by questionnaires from 369 university students in Seoul, Korea. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS The mean score for SE was 3.42, the mean score for HPB was 2.48, and the mean score for SOS was 2.31. The score of SOS showed a significantly negative correlation with the score of SE (r=-.24, p=.00) and HPB (r=-.13, p=.00). Also, SOS showed a significantly negative correlation with diet HPB (r=-.15, p=.00), spiritual growth HPB (r=-.17, p=.00), interpersonal relationship HPB (r=-.17, p=.00), and stress management HPB (r=-.10, p=.04). The most powerful predictor of SOS was SE and the variance was 10%. A combination of SE, diet, problems related to drinking, and responsibility for health HPB account for 16% of the variance in SOS among university students. CONCLUSION This study suggests that SE and HPB are significant influencing factors on SOS among university students.

Blood Pressure Response to Meditation and Yoga: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract: Objectives: To introduce research that presents scientific evidence regarding the effects of mantra and mindfulness meditation techniques and yoga on decreasing blood pressure (BP) in patients who have hypertension. Methods: A literature search was performed to identify all studies published between 1946 and 2014 from periodicals indexed in Ovid Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, KoreaMed, and NDSL by using the following keywords: “hypertension,” “blood pressure,” “psychotherapy,” “relaxation therapy,” “meditation,” “yoga,” and “mind-body therapy.” The Cochrane's Risk of Bias was applied to assess the internal validity of the randomized controlled trial studies. Thirteen studies were analyzed in this meta-analysis by using Review Manager 5.3. Results: Among 510 possible studies, 13 met the selection criteria. Seven examined meditation, and six examined yoga. The meta-analysis indicated that meditation and yoga appeared to decrease both systolic and diastolic BP, which were within similar baseline...

A Review and Synthesis of Research Evidence for Self-Efficacy-Enhancing Interventions for Reducing Chronic Disability: Implications for Health Education Practice (Part I)

Abstract: Disability and poor quality of life attributable to chronic diseases such as arthritis, diabetes, and heart disease constitute challenging public health problems for American society. In the absence of any effective cure for these conditions, the secondary prevention of complications and improving quality of life and functional capacity through better disease self-management becomes critical and are key objectives of Healthy People 2010. The organizing focus of such disease self-management should be on improving coping, communication, and control by enhancing self-efficacy. Part I of this two-part article describes the common clinical features of chronic diseases and the diverse disease management strategies used for alleviating pain and preventing disability associated with these and reviews the role of self-efficacy as a theoretical framework for successful self-management interventions. Part II identifies and synthesizes the key research evidence for educational interventions designed to enhance individual self-efficacy perceptions and presents implications for practice in patient education.

The integrated motivational-volitional model of suicidal behaviour.

Abstract: Suicide is a major public health concern accounting for 800 000 deaths globally each year. Although there have been many advances in understanding suicide risk in recent decades, our ability to pre...

The Integrated Motivational-Volitional Model of Suicidal Behavior

Abstract: Suicide is a major public health concern accounting for 800 000 deaths globally each year. Although there have been many advances in understanding suicide risk in recent decades, our ability to predict suicide is no better now than it was 50 years ago. There are many potential explanations for this lack of progress, but the absence, until recently, of comprehensive theoretical models that predict the emergence of suicidal ideation distinct from the transition between suicidal ideation and suicide attempts/suicide is key to this lack of progress. The current article presents the integrated motivational–volitional (IMV) model of suicidal behaviour, one such theoretical model. We propose that defeat and entrapment drive the emergence of suicidal ideation and that a group of factors, entitled volitional moderators (VMs), govern the transition from suicidal ideation to suicidal behaviour. According to the IMV model, VMs include access to the means of suicide, exposure to suicidal behaviour, capability for suicide (fearlessness about death and increased physical pain tolerance), planning, impulsivity, mental imagery and past suicidal behaviour. In this article, we describe the theoretical origins of the IMV model, the key premises underpinning the model, empirical tests of the model and future research directions.

The role of defeat and entrapment in depression, anxiety, and suicide

Abstract: Defeat and entrapment are psychological constructs that have played a central role in evolutionary accounts of depression. These concepts have since been implicated in theoretical accounts of anxiety disorders and suicidality. The current article reports on a systematic review of the existing research investigating the links among defeat, entrapment, and psychopathology in the domains of depression, suicidality, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other anxiety syndromes. Fifty-one original research articles were identified and critically reviewed. There was strong convergent evidence for a link with depressive symptoms, across a variety of clinical and nonclinical samples. Preliminary support for an association with suicidality was also observed, with effects not readily explainable in terms of comorbid depression. There was strong evidence for an association between defeat and PTSD, although this may have been partly accounted for by comorbid depression. The findings for other anxiety disorders were less consistent. There was, however, evidence that social anxiety in individuals with psychosis may be related to perceptions of entrapment. Overall, there was evidence that perceptions of defeat and entrapment were closely associated with various forms of human psychopathology. These effects were often in the moderate to large range and superseded the impact of other environmental and psychological stressors on psychopathology. We provide a unified theoretical model of how defeat and entrapment may contribute to these different psychopathological conditions. Clinical implications and avenues for future research are discussed.