Author
KuZilati KuShaari
Other affiliations: Petronas
Bio: KuZilati KuShaari is an academic researcher from Universiti Teknologi Petronas. The author has contributed to research in topics: Controlled release & Fluidized bed. The author has an hindex of 9, co-authored 27 publications receiving 664 citations. Previous affiliations of KuZilati KuShaari include Petronas.
Topics: Controlled release, Fluidized bed, Coating, Coated urea, Urea
Papers
More filters
TL;DR: The development of CRCU is a green technology that not only reduces nitrogen loss caused by volatilization and leaching, but also alters the kinetics of nitrogen release, which provides nutrients to plants at a pace that is more compatible with their metabolic needs.
643 citations
TL;DR: Urea coated by modified-starch was double coated by a geopolymer to enhance the controlled release characteristics that produced promising results with respect to the longevity of nitrogen release from the final product.
Abstract: Synthetic polymers-based controlled release urea (CRU) leaves non-biodegradable coating shells when applied in soil. Several alternative green materials are used to produce CRU, but most of these studies have issues pertaining to nitrogen release longevity, process viability, and the ease of application of the finished product. In this study, we utilized tapioca starch, modified by polyvinyl alcohol and citric acid, as coating material to produce controlled release coated urea granules in a rotary fluidized bed equipment. Response surface methodology is employed for studying the interactive effect of process parameters on urea release characteristics. Statistical analysis indicates that the fluidizing air temperature and spray rate are the most influential among all five process parameters studied. The optimum values of fluidizing air temperature (80 °C), spray rate (0.13 mL/s), atomizing pressure (3.98 bar), process time (110 min), and spray temperature (70 °C) were evaluated by multi-objective optimization while using genetic algorithms in MATLAB®. Urea coated by modified-starch was double coated by a geopolymer to enhance the controlled release characteristics that produced promising results with respect to the longevity of nitrogen release from the final product. This study provides leads for the design of a fluidized bed for the scaled-up production of CRU.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a multi-diffusion model that simulates nitrogen release from coated urea particles for both the constant and decay release stages of urea is proposed, which is developed for multilayer included the coating and water zone, and integrates a Finite Element Method (FEM) with 2D geometry to enhance the accuracy of simulation by introducing urea diffusivity in water domain as a function of its concentration.
50 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of coating thickness on release time and diffusion coefficient of urea release in distilled water was investigated and it was concluded that a significant coating thickness in addition to good uniformity of thickness and film integrity can produce promising controlled release characteristics.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a porous model that couples the interfacial area ratio (IAR) equation for the diffusion of nitrogen with mass transport equation in porous medium (soil).
Abstract: Urea is vulnerable to losses from volatilization or leaching when applied to soils. This study proposes a porous model that couples the interfacial area ratio (IAR) equation for the diffusion of nitrogen with mass transport equation in porous medium (soil). The model presents the release of a single granule with an imperfect coating thickness in different environments. The model is validated with experiments in water and soil environments. In addition, it is compared to our previous model and shows an enhancement in its predictive ability because the imperfection of the coating layer has been integrated in the model. On the basis of the proposed model, the influence of coating variation and soil types also are investigated. In general, simulation results suggest that the coating layer imperfection leads to earlier and faster nitrogen release than an ideal one. Also, nitrogen release in soil depends on soil characteristics such as surface area, particle size, and density. The comparison with experimental o...
20 citations
Cited by
More filters
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the synthesis, characterization and application of superabsorbent hydrogels in agriculture, mainly those based on polysaccharides, as soil conditioners and as polymer carriers for nutrient release, is presented.
480 citations
TL;DR: The aim of the current review is to develop technical understanding of the conventional and non-conventional coating materials and associated spray coating mechanism for slow release urea production and the potential of starch as the coating material in relation to the coatings tested previously for controlled release fertilizers.
329 citations
TL;DR: The application of degradable natural materials as a coating when amending soils is the focus of EFF research and recent studies on materials used in EFFs and their effects on the environment are reviewed.
295 citations
TL;DR: The potential of this new slow-release fertilizer system for improving the effectiveness of fertilizers is demonstrated, and in particular, those with potato starch-SAP coating exhibited a steady release behavior for a period longer than 96h.
265 citations
01 Oct 2012
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to highlight mechanistic, mathematical models for drug release from PLGA microspheres that specifically address interactions between phenomena generally attributed to autocatalytic hydrolysis and mass transfer limitation effects.
Abstract: PLGA microspheres are widely studied for controlled release drug delivery applications, and many models have been proposed to describe PLGA degradation and erosion and drug release from the bulk polymer. Autocatalysis is known to have a complex role in the dynamics of PLGA erosion and drug transport and can lead to size-dependent heterogeneities in otherwise uniformly bulk-eroding polymer microspheres. The aim of this review is to highlight mechanistic, mathematical models for drug release from PLGA microspheres that specifically address interactions between phenomena generally attributed to autocatalytic hydrolysis and mass transfer limitation effects. Predictions of drug release profiles by mechanistic models are useful for understanding mechanisms and designing drug release particles.
239 citations