Probability Distributions.- Linear Models for Regression.- Linear Models for Classification.- Neural Networks.- Kernel Methods.- Sparse Kernel Machines.- Graphical Models.- Mixture Models and EM.- Approximate Inference.- Sampling Methods.- Continuous Latent Variables.- Sequential Data.- Combining Models.

Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning

Vibration based condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of wind turbine planetary gearbox: A review

Latest developments in gear defect diagnosis and prognosis: A review

The objective of this paper is to present a comprehensive review of the contemporary techniques for fault detection, diagnosis, and prognosis of rolling element bearings (REBs). Data-driven approaches, as opposed to model-based approaches, are gaining in popularity due to the availability of low-cost sensors and big data. This paper first reviews the fundamentals of prognostics and health management (PHM) techniques for REBs. A brief description of the different bearing-failure modes is given, then, the paper presents a comprehensive representation of the different health features (indexes, criteria) used for REB fault diagnostics and prognostics. Thus, the paper provides an overall platform for researchers, system engineers, and experts to select and adopt the best fit for their applications. Second, the paper provides overviews of contemporary REB PHM techniques with a specific focus on modern artificial intelligence (AI) techniques (i.e., shallow learning algorithms). Finally, deep-learning approaches for fault detection, diagnosis, and prognosis for REB are comprehensively reviewed.

A comprehensive review of artificial intelligence-based approaches for rolling element bearing PHM: shallow and deep learning

Meshing frequency modulation assisted empirical wavelet transform for fault diagnosis of wind turbine planetary ring gear

Phase-based time domain averaging (PTDA) for fault detection of a gearbox in an industrial robot using vibration signals

A positive energy residual (PER) based planetary gear fault detection method under variable speed conditions

Vibration-based fault diagnosis of a planetary gearbox is challenging due to the revolving planet gears inducing modulation of vibration signals. For accurate fault diagnosis, researchers have suggested that vibration signals should be extracted by window function when the planet gears are positioned under the sensor. However, vibration modulation characteristics can be affected by operational and geometrical uncertainties. Thus, fault-related features can be inadvertently discarded when the window function is employed. Alternatively, periodicity analysis of anomalies can be employed with the entire vibration signal without the use of window function. However, it is challenging in a planetary gearbox because the fault-related features are also modulated. This paper proposes a health data map for toothwise fault identification in a planetary gearbox. In the proposed approach, samplewise health data are aligned in the domains of a pair of gear teeth of the planetary gearbox. The proposed approach represents the health state of every pair of gear teeth, while making it possible to isolate the location of any faulty teeth in the gears. For demonstration of the proposed method, two case studies are presented: an analytical model and a 2-kW testbed. The results suggest that the proposed method performs well even under unexpected vibration modulation characteristics.

Kyumin Na

Papers

Phase-based time domain averaging (PTDA) for fault detection of a gearbox in an industrial robot using vibration signals

A positive energy residual (PER) based planetary gear fault detection method under variable speed conditions

Toothwise Fault Identification for a Planetary Gearbox Based on a Health Data Map

Variance of energy residual (VER): An efficient method for planetary gear fault detection under variable-speed conditions

A health-adaptive time-scale representation (HTSR) embedded convolutional neural network for gearbox fault diagnostics