L. Benetazzo

Bio: L. Benetazzo is an academic researcher from University of Padua. The author has contributed to research in topics: Instrumentation (computer programming) & Network packet. The author has an hindex of 7, co-authored 28 publications receiving 469 citations.

A Web-based distributed virtual educational laboratory

Abstract: Evolution and cost of measurement equipment, continuous training, and distance learning make it difficult to provide a complete set of updated workbenches to every student. For a preliminary familiarization and experimentation with instrumentation and measurement procedures, the use of virtual equipment is often considered more than sufficient from the didactic point of view, while the hands-on approach with real instrumentation and measurement systems still remains necessary to complete and refine the student's practical expertise. Creation and distribution of workbenches in networked computer laboratories therefore becomes attractive and convenient. This paper describes specification and design of a geographically distributed system based on commercially standard components.

3D reconstruction of the crural and thoracolumbar fasciae.

Abstract: To create computerized three-dimensional models of the crural fascia and of the superficial layer of the thoracolumbar fascia. Serial sections of these two fasciae, stained with Azan-Mallory, van Gieson and anti-S100 antibody stains, were recorded. The resulting images were merged (Image Zone 5.0 software) and aligned (MatLab Image Processing Toolkit). Color thresholding was applied to identify the structures of interest. 3D models were obtained with Tcl/Tk scripts and Paraview 3.2.1 software. From these models, the morphometric features of these fasciae were evaluated with ImageJ. In the crural fascia, collagen fibers represent less than 20% of the total volume, arranged in three distinct sub-layers (mean thickness, 115 μm), separated by a layer of loose connective tissue (mean thickness, 43 μm). Inside a single sub-layer, all the fibers are parallel, whereas the angle between the fibers of adjacent layers is about 78°. Elastic fibers are less than 1%. Nervous fibers are mostly concentrated in the middle layer. The superficial layer of the thoracolumbar fascia is also formed of three thinner sub-layers, but only the superficial one is similar to the crural fascia sub-layers, the intermediate one is similar to a flat tendon, and the deep one is formed of loose connective tissue. Only the superficial sub-layer has rich innervation and a few elastic fibers. Computerized three-dimensional models provide a detailed representation of the fascial structure, for better understanding of the interactions among the different components. This is a fundamental step in understanding the mechanical behavior of the fasciae and their role in pathology.

A Web-based distributed virtual educational laboratory

Abstract: Evolution and cost of measurement equipment, continuous training, and distance learning make difficult to provide a complete set of updated workbenches to every student. For a preliminary familiarization and experimentation with instrumentation and measurement procedures the use of virtual equipment is often considered more than sufficient from the didactic point of view. Creation and distribution of workbenches in networked computer laboratories becomes therefore attractive and convenient. This paper describes specification and design of a geographically distributed system based on commercially standard components.

A/D converter performance analysis by a frequency-domain approach

Abstract: An analysis of the frequency domain approach in the test of analog-to-digital convertors (ADCs) is presented. Following the introduction of a spectral analysis algorithm based on the use of windows with minimum sidelobe energy, expressions are given to determine ADC performance parameters. Corrections are introduced to improve accuracy in practical cases, and simulation results are presented to support the discussion. The approach presented is sufficiently precise in the characterization of a device, even with data records of comparatively small size. Provided the appropriate correction factors are taken into account in some determinations, the accuracy is not dissimilar to that of other test methods, with the advantage that both data acquisition and data processing procedures are fairly simple. >

Analysis of Clock Tracking Performances for a Software-only IEEE 1588 Implementation

Abstract: The Ethernet network is increasingly used for the industrial communications which are strongly time-constrained. This paper presents some test regard the PTP-d software to evaluate the network architectures in term of maximum resolution of synchronization.

Gray's Anatomy

Abstract: MEDICAL LITERATURE has been deluged during the past few years with books and papers on penicillin; but a book which has been produced under the general editorship of Sir Alexander Fleming himself represents a complete and authoritative summary of penicillin therapy as it stands today.' The book contains a series of independent contributions by \"experienced and eminent men who have worked with penicillin in Great Britain\". Their opinions and practical methods differ slightly, and there is some overlapping; but these are not disadvantageous, comparison and contrast lending interest to the reading. In the first or general section of the book Fleming contributes two chapters, one on the history and development of penicillin, introducing some interesting sidelights in the romance of discovery, the other on the bacteriological control of penicillin therapy. In both chapters the information is set out in meticulous detail and with a clarity and simplicity which can be enjoyed by all readers. Fleming also gives the right perspective to the place of penicillin amongst the antibiotics and lays down the principles of treatment. Both chapters are well illustrated and are the most outstanding in the book. Included in this first section also are chapters on the chemistry and manufacture of penicillin and its pharmacy, pharmacology and methods of administration. The second section of the book is entirely clinical, giving each author's view on the use of penicillin therapy in a disease or an infection of some particular region of the body. The entire range of peniCillin-sensitive conditions is considered in twenty authoritative and clearly written chapters; these contain many references and illustrations. Dental and veterinary diseases are also given fairly full consideration. The final section is a condensed resume of much of the preceding chapters and is written for. the general practttioner. This chapter is superttuous: it does not contain enough detall to be of much practical value. The book as a Whole, however, will undoubtedly be considered a classical contribution to medical literature and is strongly recommended, not only because of the general interest of its topic, but as a reference book on penicillin therapy of hitherto unequalled excellence. The typography, although conforming to war economy standards, is clear and the paper is good. There is an excellent list of references and the index is satisfactory.

The thoracolumbar fascia: anatomy, function and clinical considerations

Abstract: In this overview, new and existent material on the organization and composition of the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) will be evaluated in respect to its anatomy, innervation biomechanics and clinical relevance. The integration of the passive connective tissues of the TLF and active muscular structures surrounding this structure are discussed, and the relevance of their mutual interactions in relation to low back and pelvic pain reviewed. The TLF is a girdling structure consisting of several aponeurotic and fascial layers that separates the paraspinal muscles from the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall. The superficial lamina of the posterior layer of the TLF (PLF) is dominated by the aponeuroses of the latissimus dorsi and the serratus posterior inferior. The deeper lamina of the PLF forms an encapsulating retinacular sheath around the paraspinal muscles. The middle layer of the TLF (MLF) appears to derive from an intermuscular septum that developmentally separates the epaxial from the hypaxial musculature. This septum forms during the fifth and sixth weeks of gestation. The paraspinal retinacular sheath (PRS) is in a key position to act as a ‘hydraulic amplifier’, assisting the paraspinal muscles in supporting the lumbosacral spine. This sheath forms a lumbar interfascial triangle (LIFT) with the MLF and PLF. Along the lateral border of the PRS, a raphe forms where the sheath meets the aponeurosis of the transversus abdominis. This lateral raphe is a thickened complex of dense connective tissue marked by the presence of the LIFT, and represents the junction of the hypaxial myofascial compartment (the abdominal muscles) with the paraspinal sheath of the epaxial muscles. The lateral raphe is in a position to distribute tension from the surrounding hypaxial and extremity muscles into the layers of the TLF. At the base of the lumbar spine all of the layers of the TLF fuse together into a thick composite that attaches firmly to the posterior superior iliac spine and the sacrotuberous ligament. This thoracolumbar composite (TLC) is in a position to assist in maintaining the integrity of the lower lumbar spine and the sacroiliac joint. The three-dimensional structure of the TLF and its caudally positioned composite will be analyzed in light of recent studies concerning the cellular organization of fascia, as well as its innervation. Finally, the concept of a TLC will be used to reassess biomechanical models of lumbopelvic stability, static posture and movement.

IEEE Standard for Terminology and Test Methods for Analog-to-Digital Converters

Abstract: The design process will be affected in several ways. Without careful attention, the ADC interfacing could produce substandard results. Additional devices such as terminators, attenuators, and delay lines may need to be added to match signal levels and to provide signal isolation. The standard will also help incorporate evaluation considerations and test methods into the design and implementation processes.

Quadratus Lumborum Block Versus Transversus Abdominis Plane Block for Postoperative Pain After Cesarean Delivery: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Abstract: Background and Objectives Effective postoperative analgesia after cesarean delivery enhances early recovery, ambulation, and breastfeeding. In a previous study, we established the effectiveness of the quadratus lumborum block in providing pain relief after cesarean delivery compared with patient-controlled analgesia (morphine). In the current study, we hypothesized that this method would be equal to or better than the transversus abdominis plane block with regard to pain relief and its duration of action after cesarean delivery. Methods Between April 2015 and August 2015, we randomized 76 patients scheduled for elective cesarean delivery under spinal anesthesia to receive the quadratus lumborum block or the transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative pain relief. This trial was registered prospectively (NCT 024489851). Results Patients in the quadratus lumborum block group used significantly less morphine than the transversus abdominis plane block group (P Conclusions The quadratus lumborum block was more effective in reducing morphine consumption and demands than transversus abdominis plane blocks after cesarean section. This effect was observed up to 48 hours postoperatively.

Sensory innervation of the thoracolumbar fascia in rats and humans.

Abstract: The available data on the innervation of the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) are inconsistent and partly contradictory. Therefore, the role of the fascia as a potential source of pain in the low back is difficult to assess. In the present study, a quantitative evaluation of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and substance P (SP)-containing free nerve endings was performed in the rat TLF. A preliminary non-quantitative evaluation was also performed in specimens of the human TLF. The data show that the TLF is a densely innervated tissue with marked differences in the distribution of the nerve endings over the fascial layers. In the rat, we distinguished three layers: (1) Outer layer (transversely oriented collagen fibers adjacent to the subcutaneous tissue), (2) middle layer (massive collagen fiber bundles oriented obliquely to the animal's long axis), and (3) inner layer (loose connective tissue covering the paraspinal muscles). The subcutaneous tissue and the outer layer showed a particularly dense innervation with sensory fibers. SP-positive free nerve endings—which are assumed to be nociceptive—were exclusively found in these layers. Because of its dense sensory innervation, including presumably nociceptive fibers, the TLF may play an important role in low back pain.