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L. Canals Casals

Bio: L. Canals Casals is an academic researcher from Adria Airways. The author has contributed to research in topics: Electric vehicle & Battery (electricity). The author has an hindex of 2, co-authored 2 publications receiving 48 citations. Previous affiliations of L. Canals Casals include Polytechnic University of Catalonia.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the feasibility of a stationary energy storage system (SESS) installation, considering battery ageing from an economic perspective in two different real scenarios in Spain.

59 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents a review of the state of art of Li-Sulphur battery on EVs compared to Li-ion ones, considering technical, modelling, environmental and economic aspects with the aim of depicting the challenges this technology has to overcome to substituteLi-ion in the near future.

55 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An overview of the energy storage devices from conventional capacitors to supercapacitors to hybrid systems and ultimately to batteries is provided, although the focus is kept on capacitive and hybrid energy storage systems.
Abstract: Over the past decade, electrochemical energy storage (EES) devices have greatly improved, as a wide variety of advanced electrode active materials and new device architectures have been developed. These new materials and devices should be evaluated against clear and rigorous metrics, primarily based on the evidence of real performances. A series of criteria are commonly used to characterize and report performance of EES systems in the literature. However, as advanced EES systems are becoming more and more sophisticated, the methodologies to reliably evaluate the performance of the electrode active materials and EES devices need to be refined to realize the true promise as well as the limitations of these fast-moving technologies, and target areas for further development. In the absence of a commonly accepted core group of metrics, inconsistencies may arise between the values attributed to the materials or devices and their real performances. Herein, we provide an overview of the energy storage devices from conventional capacitors to supercapacitors to hybrid systems and ultimately to batteries. The metrics for evaluation of energy storage systems are described, although the focus is kept on capacitive and hybrid energy storage systems. In addition, we discuss the challenges that still need to be addressed for establishing more sophisticated criteria for evaluating EES systems. We hope this effort will foster ongoing dialog and promote greater understanding of these metrics to develop an international protocol for accurate assessment of EES systems.

695 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of the electrolyte/sulfur ratio on the actual energy density and the economic cost of Li-S batteries is addressed, and challenges and recent progress are presented in terms of the sulfur electrochemical processes: the dissolution-precipitation conversion and the solid-solid multi-phasic transition.
Abstract: The development of energy-storage devices has received increasing attention as a transformative technology to realize a low-carbon economy and sustainable energy supply. Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are considered to be one of the most promising next-generation energy-storage devices due to their ultrahigh energy density. Despite the extraordinary progress in the last few years, the actual energy density of Li-S batteries is still far from satisfactory to meet the demand for practical applications. Considering the sulfur electrochemistry is highly dependent on solid-liquid-solid multi-phase conversion, the electrolyte amount plays a primary role in the practical performances of Li-S cells. Therefore, a lean electrolyte volume with low electrolyte/sulfur ratio is essential for practical Li-S batteries, yet under these conditions it is highly challenging to achieve acceptable electrochemical performances regarding sulfur kinetics, discharge capacity, Coulombic efficiency, and cycling stability especially for high-sulfur-loading cathodes. In this Review, the impact of the electrolyte/sulfur ratio on the actual energy density and the economic cost of Li-S batteries is addressed. Challenges and recent progress are presented in terms of the sulfur electrochemical processes: the dissolution-precipitation conversion and the solid-solid multi-phasic transition. Finally, prospects of future lean-electrolyte Li-S battery design and engineering are discussed.

395 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
09 Dec 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantify the future demand for key battery materials, considering potential electric vehicle fleet and battery chemistry developments as well as second-use and recycling of electric vehicle batteries.
Abstract: The world is shifting to electric vehicles to mitigate climate change. Here, we quantify the future demand for key battery materials, considering potential electric vehicle fleet and battery chemistry developments as well as second-use and recycling of electric vehicle batteries. We find that in a lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide dominated battery scenario, demand is estimated to increase by factors of 18–20 for lithium, 17–19 for cobalt, 28–31 for nickel, and 15–20 for most other materials from 2020 to 2050, requiring a drastic expansion of lithium, cobalt, and nickel supply chains and likely additional resource discovery. However, uncertainties are large. Key factors are the development of the electric vehicles fleet and battery capacity requirements per vehicle. If other battery chemistries were used at large scale, e.g. lithium iron phosphate or novel lithium-sulphur or lithium-air batteries, the demand for cobalt and nickel would be substantially smaller. Closed-loop recycling plays a minor, but increasingly important role for reducing primary material demand until 2050, however, advances in recycling are necessary to economically recover battery-grade materials from end-of-life batteries. Second-use of electric vehicles batteries further delays recycling potentials.

244 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: 2nd life battery lifespan clearly depends on its use, going from about 30 years in fast electric vehicle charge support applications to around 6 years in area regulation grid services, and this study states that grid oriented energy storage applications will hardly offer environmental benefits in the nearby future.

183 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of energy systems for light-duty vehicles and highlights the main characteristics of electric and hybrid vehicles based on power train structure, environmental perspective, and cost is presented in this paper.
Abstract: Reduction in fossil fuel dependency has been an issue worldwide for several years. One of the solutions in the transportation sector to reduce the GHG, is the replacement of combustion engine vehicles with electric and hybrid vehicles. Furthermore, to make EVs competitive with ICEV, it is imperative to reduce the relatively high manufacturing cost, increase the range of those vehicles and find solutions to drastically reduce recharge times to a comparable ICEV refuelling time. Battery, Fuel Cell, and Super Capacitor are energy storage solutions implemented in electric vehicles, which possess different advantages and disadvantages. The combination of these Energy Storage Systems, rather than the sole use of one solution, has the potential to meet the required performance results, with regards to high energy density, lower energy consumption and a longer driving range of EVs, to replace ICEVs permanently. However, challenges such as energy management, size and cost of the energy storage systems, are essential concerns and need to be focused on for the production and adoption of EVs. Furthermore, limitations and requirements for changing power train configurations of conventional vehicles stimulate a market for biofuels and synthetic fuels, which also show potential to reduce greenhouse gas emission. This paper provides a review of energy systems for light-duty vehicles and highlights the main characteristics of electric and hybrid vehicles based on power train structure, environmental perspective, and cost. The review provides an overview of different solutions possible, which have the potential to significantly reduce GHG emissions in the transportation sector.

106 citations