This article attempts to give a historical account and review of technological developments and innovations in radio frequency (RF) systems for particle accelerators. The evolution from electrostatic field to the use of RF voltage suggested by R. Wideroe made it possible to overcome the shortcomings of electrostatic accelerators, which limited the maximum achievable electric field due to voltage breakdown. After an introduction, we will provide reviews of technological developments of RF systems for particle accelerators.

History and Technology Developments of Radio Frequency (RF) Systems for Particle Accelerators

https://epaper.kek.jp/p65/pdf/pac1965_0213.pdf

Some New Radio Frequency Accelerating Structures

Preliminary rf system design for the accelerator portion of the Fusion Materials Irradiation Test (FMIT) Facility is in progress. The 35-MeV, 100-mA, cw deuteron beam will require 6.3 MW rf power at 80 MHz. Initial testing indicates the EIMAC 8973 tetrode is the most suitable final amplifier tube for each of a series of 15 amplifier chains operating at 0.5-MW output. To satisfy the beam dynamics requirements for particle acceleration and to minimize beam spill, each amplifier output must be controlled to ±1° in phase and the field amplitude in the tanks must be held within a 1% tolerance. These tolerances put stringent demands on the rf phase and amplitude control system.

/pdf/a-proposed-rf-system-for-the-fusion-materials-irradiation-43n3n0lblx.pdf

A Proposed RF System for the Fusion Materials Irradiation Test Facility

The elements of microwave linear accelerators are introduced starting with the principles of acceleration and accelerating structures. Considerations for microwave structure modelling and design are developed from an elementary point of view. Basic elements of microwave electronics are described for application to the accelerator circuit and instrumentation. Concepts of beam physics are explored together with examples of common beamline instruments. Charged particle optics and lattice diagnostics are introduced. Considerations for fixed-target and colliding-beam experimentation are summarized.

/pdf/introduction-to-microwave-linacs-15bo3uf5dd.pdf

Introduction to Microwave Linacs

The proton linear accelerator for the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility will require 45 one-megawatt, 800-MHz rf power sources. The minimum duty factor requirement is 6% (500 ?s pulse 120 c/s); eventually, a 12% duty factor (1000 ?s pulse 120 c/s) will be needed. The accelerator structure which is the load for the amplifier has a high Q (typically between 20,000 and 30,000); the amplifier loading is further complicated by a variable beam load which may absorb as much as 30% of the amplifier output. Triodes, klystrons, and crossedfield amplifiers all show promise for this service. The Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory is testing and comparatively evaluating these three rf systems. The systems are described in this paper and a discussion of the evaluation program is given.

L.N. Engel

Papers

Accelerating structure research at los alamos.