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L. Ray

Bio: L. Ray is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Substrate (chemistry) & Enterococcus faecalis. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 10 citations.

Papers
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Journal Article
TL;DR: A bacterial strain isolated from soil and identified as Enterococcus faecalis was found capable of producing alkaline thermostable lipase, and maximum activity of the enzyme obtained so far is 54.6 IU/ml.
Abstract: A bacterial strain isolated from soil and identified as Enterococcus faecalis was found capable of producing alkaline thermostable lipase. Optimum pH, temperature and time for enzyme substrate reaction were found to be 8.0, 60 degrees C and 10 min respectively. Phosphates and common surfactants have no or very little inhibitory effects on the activity of the enzyme, whereas bile salts are inhibitory to the enzyme activity. Maximum activity of the enzyme obtained so far is 54.6 IU/ml.

10 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Various industrial applications of microbial lipases in the detergent, food, flavour industry, biocatalytic resolution of pharmaceuticals, esters and amino acid derivatives, making of fine chemicals, agrochemicals, use as biosensor, bioremediation and cosmetics and perfumery are described.

1,753 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The latest trend in lipase research is the development of novel and improved lipases through molecular approaches such as directed evolution and exploring natural communities by the metagenomic approach.
Abstract: Lipases, triacylglycerol hydrolases, are an important group of biotechnologically relevant enzymes and they find immense applications in food, dairy, detergent and pharmaceutical industries. Lipases are by and large produced from microbes and specifically bacterial lipases play a vital role in commercial ventures. Some important lipase-producing bacterial genera include Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Burkholderia. Lipases are generally produced on lipidic carbon, such as oils, fatty acids, glycerol or tweens in the presence of an organic nitrogen source. Bacterial lipases are mostly extracellular and are produced by submerged fermentation. The enzyme is most commonly purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography, in addition to some modern approaches such as reverse micellar and aqueous two-phase systems. Most lipases can act in a wide range of pH and temperature, though alkaline bacterial lipases are more common. Lipases are serine hydrolases and have high stability in organic solvents. Besides these, some lipases exhibit chemo-, regio- and enantioselectivity. The latest trend in lipase research is the development of novel and improved lipases through molecular approaches such as directed evolution and exploring natural communities by the metagenomic approach.

1,077 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A thorough analysis of recent biotechnological progress is presented in the context of present technological challenges and future developmental opportunities aimed at bringing the enzyme costs down and improving the overall process economics towards large scale production of enzymatic biodiesel.

410 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A critical review of different strategies which have been employed for the detection, purification and characterization of microbial lipases is presented.

282 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The study showed that hemagglutinin and lipase may represent additional virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis but not Enterococus faecium, and the significance of these factors in the pathogenesis of enterococcal infection needs to be elucidated in further studies.
Abstract: Known and potential virulence factors of enterococcal blood culture isolates were studied using 89 Enterococcus faecalis and 24 Enterococcus faecium isolates. The prevalence of the respective factors was (Enterococcus faecalis vs. Enterococcus faecium): hemolysin 16% vs. 0%, gelatinase 55% vs. 0%, aggregation substance 63% vs. 13%, lipase 35% vs. 4%, hemagglutinin 97% vs. 0%. Deoxyribonuclease was not detected in any isolate. The study showed that hemagglutinin and lipase may represent additional virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis but not Enterococcus faecium. The significance of these factors in the pathogenesis of enterococcal infection needs to be elucidated in further studies.

160 citations