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L.S. Wen

Bio: L.S. Wen is an academic researcher from Chinese Academy of Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Sputtering & Ion plating. The author has an hindex of 23, co-authored 39 publications receiving 2557 citations. Previous affiliations of L.S. Wen include Dalian University of Technology & Central South University.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the chemical state of oxygen, aluminum and zinc in Al-doped ZnO (ZAO) films was investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), as well as the transition zone of the film-to-substrate, by auger electron spectrography (AES), showing that zinc remains mostly in the formal valence states of Zn2+.

1,180 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Mumei Chen1, Zhiliang Pei1, Congting Sun1, L.S. Wen1, Xunying Wang1 
TL;DR: In this paper, high preferred (0, 0, 2) orientation Al-doped ZnO (ZAO) films were prepared by DC magnetron reactive sputtering from a Zn target mixed with Al of 2.0% and XPS analysis indicates Al-enrichment on the film surface.

226 citations

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TL;DR: In this article, different methods to reduce the sheet resistance of ZnO:Al (AZO) films on flexible substrates without degrading the optical transmittance in the visible range were reported.

108 citations

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TL;DR: In this article, the authors calculated the intrinsic limit of conductivity of TCO films regardless of precise details of the preparation procedure and showed that the effective mass of charge carriers has a strong dependence on carrier concentration.
Abstract: Contributions of acoustical deformation scattering, ion impurity scattering and grain boundary potential scattering to the conductivity of TCO films have been calculated in order to deduce the intrinsic limit of conductivity of TCO films regardless of precise details of the preparation procedure. The results indicate that the effective mass of charge carriers has a strong dependence on carrier concentration. Based on the effective mass correction, as well as the carrier concentration ionized impurity centre correction, scattering due to ion impurity has been developed to explain the upper limit of mobility or the lower limit of resistivity of TCO films. Two empirical expressions are introduced to depict the dependence of the upper limit of mobility and the lower limit of resistivity of TCO films on carrier concentration. The dependence of transparency on carrier concentration is also discussed.

104 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Hongtao Cao1, Zhiliang Pei1, Jun Gong1, C. Sun1, R.F. Huang1, L.S. Wen1 
TL;DR: In this paper, the electro-optical, chemical and structural properties of doped-ZnO films deposited by DC-reactive magnetron sputtering at room temperature using the bi-dopant Al and Mn have been obtained.

87 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: BHJ solar cells are typically fabricated with a transparent conductive anode, a low-work-function metal cathode, and an active layer sandwiched between the anode and cathode.
Abstract: BHJ solar cells are typically fabricated with a transparent conductive anode (e.g. indium tin oxide, ITO), a low-work-function metal cathode (e.g., Al, Ca), and an active layer (a mixture of conjugated polymer and fullerene derivative) sandwiched between the anode and cathode. The BHJ layer and cathode dramatically affect the stability. In particular, the cathode is susceptible to degradation by oxygen and water vapor. Poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) is often used as an anode buffer layer. Long-term stability is a problem because PEDOT:PSS is hygroscopic and acidic. [ 17–21 ]

1,449 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The ZnO with oxygen vacancies are found to be efficient for photodecomposition of 2,4-dichlorophenol under visible light irradiation and a narrowing bandgap can be confirmed by the enhancement of the photocurrent response when theZnO was irradiated with visible light.
Abstract: Oxygen vacancies in crystal have important impacts on the electronic properties of ZnO. With ZnO2 as precursors, we introduce a high concentration of oxygen vacancies into ZnO successfully. The obtained ZnO exhibits a yellow color, and the absorption edge shifts to longer wavelength. Raman and XPS spectra reveal that the concentration of oxygen vacancies in the ZnO decreased when the samples are annealed at higher temperature in air. It is consistent with the theory calculation. The increasing of oxygen vacancies results in a narrowing bandgap and increases the visible light absorption of the ZnO. The narrowing bandgap can be confirmed by the enhancement of the photocurrent response when the ZnO was irradiated with visible light. The ZnO with oxygen vacancies are found to be efficient for photodecomposition of 2,4-dichlorophenol under visible light irradiation.

1,213 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a review of the status quo of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy with a historical perspective, provide the technique's operating principles, resolve myths associated with C 1s referencing, and offer a comprehensive account of recent findings.

1,108 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The experiment demonstrated that the photo-degradation efficiency of ZnO:Mn(2+) was significantly higher than that of undoped ZnNO and might also be better than the conventional metal oxide semiconductor such as TiO(2) using MB as a contaminant.

736 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: UV-vis spectra and photocatalytic results indicate that oxygen vacancies on STO surface play an important role in influencing the light absorption and photoc atalytic performance, however, an excess amount of oxygen vacancies leads to a decrease of photocatallytic performance.
Abstract: A facile and general method has been developed to fabricate oxygen vacancies on perovskite SrTiO3 (STO) nanocrystals through a controllable solid-state reaction of NaBH4 and SrTiO3 nanocrystals. STO samples with tunable color, oxygen vacancy concentration on nanocrystal surface have been synthesized. TEM results reveal that these STO samples have a crystalline core/amorphous shell structure (SrTiO3@SrTiO3–x). XPS and EPR results disclose that the oxygen vacancy concentration increases with the increase of reaction time and temperature. The concentration of oxygen vacancies calculated from TGA data, could reach 5.07% (atom) in this study. UV–vis spectra and photocatalytic results indicate that oxygen vacancies on STO surface play an important role in influencing the light absorption and photocatalytic performance. However, an excess amount of oxygen vacancies leads to a decrease of photocatalytic performance. The optimal photocatalytic activity for H2 production under UV–vis irradiation is up to 2.2 mmol h...

566 citations