Lei Wang

Bio: Lei Wang is an academic researcher from Chinese Academy of Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Precipitation & Medicine. The author has an hindex of 50, co-authored 429 publications receiving 9543 citations. Previous affiliations of Lei Wang include Taizhou University & Peking University.

Adjusting precipitation measurements from the TRwS204 automatic weighing gauge in the Qilian Mountains, China

Abstract: With the popularity of the automatic precipitation gauges in national weather stations, testing their performance and adjusting their measurements are top priorities. Additionally, because different climatic conditions may have different effects on the performance of the precipitation gauges, it is also necessary to test the gauges in different areas. This study mainly analyzed precipitation measurements from the single-Alter-shielded TRwS204 automatic weighing gauge (TRwSSA) relative to the adjusted manual measurements (reference precipitation) from the Chinese standard precipitation gauge in a double-fence wind shield (CSPGDF) in the Hulu watershed in the Qilian Mountains, China. The measurements were compared over the period from August 2014 to July 2017, and the transfer function derived from the work by Kochendorfer et al. (2017a) for correcting wind-induced losses was applied to the TRwSSA measurements. The results show that the average loss of TRwSSA measurements relative to the reference precipitation decreased from 0.55 mm (10.7%) to 0.51 mm (9.9%) for rainfall events, from 0.35 mm (8.5%) to 0.22 mm (5.3%) for sleet events, and from 0.49 mm (18.9%) to 0.33 mm (12.7%) for snowfall events after adjustment. The uncorrected large biases of TRwSSA measurements are considered to be mainly caused by specific errors of TRwSSA, different gauge orifice area and random errors. These types of errors must be considered when comparing precipitation measurements for different gauge types, especially in the mountains.

The ‘warm’ side of coldness: Cold promotes interpersonal warmth in negative contexts

Abstract: The concrete experience of physical warmth has been demonstrated to promote interpersonal warmth. This well-documented link, however, tells only half of the story. In the current study, we thus examined whether physical coldness can also increase interpersonal warmth under certain circumstances. We conducted three experiments to demonstrate that the relationship between the experience of physical temperature and interpersonal outcomes is context dependent. Experiment 1 showed that participants touching cold (vs. warm) objects were more willing to forgive a peer's dishonest behaviour. Experiment 2 demonstrated the fully interactive effect of temperature and context on interpersonal warmth: Participants touching cold (vs. warm) objects were less likely to assist an individual who had provided them with good service (positive social context), but more likely to assist an individual who had provided them with poor service (negative social context). Experiment 3 replicated the results of Experiment 2 using the likelihood to complain, a hostility-related indicator, as the dependent variable: In a pleasant queue (positive social context), participants touching cold objects were more likely to complain and those touching warm objects were less likely to complain compared with the control group. This pattern was reversed in an annoying queue (negative social context).

Improvement of Breakdown Characteristics of a GaN HEMT with AlGaN Buffer Layer

Abstract: High-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) with a highly resistive two-layer buffer layer (AlGaN/GaN) were grown on 6H-SiC substrates by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. The characteristics were compared with those of conventional HEMTs utilizing GaN as the high-resistivity buffer. The results of x-ray diffraction and atomic force microscopy indicate that the crystal quality of the HEMT heterostructure is not deteriorated by the AlGaN buffer layer. The direct-current (DC) characteristics of the HEMTs with the two different structures are similar, while the off-state breakdown voltage is enhanced and the mobility of the two-dimensional electron gas is improved by the AlGaN buffer layer. The reasons for the effects of the AlGaN buffer layer are discussed systematically.

Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis.

Abstract: Cause, conseguenze e strategie di mitigazione Proponiamo il primo di una serie di articoli in cui affronteremo l’attuale problema dei mutamenti climatici. Presentiamo il documento redatto, votato e pubblicato dall’Ipcc - Comitato intergovernativo sui cambiamenti climatici - che illustra la sintesi delle ricerche svolte su questo tema rilevante.

Numerical study of convection observed during the Winter Monsoon Experiment using a mesoscale two-dimensional model [presentation]

Abstract: Abstract A two-dimensional version of the Pennsylvania State University mesoscale model has been applied to Winter Monsoon Experiment data in order to simulate the diurnally occurring convection observed over the South China Sea. The domain includes a representation of part of Borneo as well as the sea so that the model can simulate the initiation of convection. Also included in the model are parameterizations of mesoscale ice phase and moisture processes and longwave and shortwave radiation with a diurnal cycle. This allows use of the model to test the relative importance of various heating mechanisms to the stratiform cloud deck, which typically occupies several hundred kilometers of the domain. Frank and Cohen's cumulus parameterization scheme is employed to represent vital unresolved vertical transports in the convective area. The major conclusions are: Ice phase processes are important in determining the level of maximum large-scale heating and vertical motion because there is a strong anvil componen...

Carbon quantum dots and their applications

Abstract: Fluorescent carbon nanoparticles or carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a new class of carbon nanomaterials that have emerged recently and have garnered much interest as potential competitors to conventional semiconductor quantum dots. In addition to their comparable optical properties, CQDs have the desired advantages of low toxicity, environmental friendliness low cost and simple synthetic routes. Moreover, surface passivation and functionalization of CQDs allow for the control of their physicochemical properties. Since their discovery, CQDs have found many applications in the fields of chemical sensing, biosensing, bioimaging, nanomedicine, photocatalysis and electrocatalysis. This article reviews the progress in the research and development of CQDs with an emphasis on their synthesis, functionalization and technical applications along with some discussion on challenges and perspectives in this exciting and promising field.