Léopold Fezeu

Bio: Léopold Fezeu is an academic researcher from University of Paris. The author has contributed to research in topics: Population & Prospective cohort study. The author has an hindex of 42, co-authored 136 publications receiving 6329 citations. Previous affiliations of Léopold Fezeu include Sorbonne & Institut national de la recherche agronomique.

BMI in relation to sperm count: an updated systematic review and collaborative meta-analysis

Abstract: BACKGROUND The global obesity epidemic has paralleled a decrease in semen quality. Yet, the association between obesity and sperm parameters remains controversial. The purpose of this report was to update the evidence on the association between BMI and sperm count through a systematic review with meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic review of available literature (with no language restriction) was performed to investigate the impact of BMI on sperm count. Relevant studies published until June 2012 were identified from a Pubmed and EMBASE search. We also included unpublished data (n = 717 men) obtained from the Infertility Center of Bondy, France. Abstracts of relevant articles were examined and studies that could be included in this review were retrieved. Authors of relevant studies for the meta-analysis were contacted by email and asked to provide standardized data. RESULTS A total of 21 studies were included in the meta-analysis, resulting in a sample of 13 077 men from the general population and attending fertility clinics. Data were stratified according to the total sperm count as normozoospermia, oligozoospermia and azoospermia. Standardized weighted mean differences in sperm concentration did not differ significantly across BMI categories. There was a J-shaped relationship between BMI categories and risk of oligozoospermia or azoospermia. Compared with men of normal weight, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for oligozoospermia or azoospermia was 1.15 (0.93-1.43) for underweight, 1.11 (1.01-1.21) for overweight, 1.28 (1.06-1.55) for obese and 2.04 (1.59-2.62) for morbidly obese men. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased prevalence of azoospermia or oligozoospermia. The main limitation of this report is that studied populations varied, with men recruited from both the general population and infertile couples. Whether weight normalization could improve sperm parameters should be evaluated further.

Ultra-processed food intake and risk of cardiovascular disease: prospective cohort study (NutriNet-Santé)

Abstract: Objective To assess the prospective associations between consumption of ultra-processed foods and risk of cardiovascular diseases. Design Population based cohort study. Setting NutriNet-Sante cohort, France 2009-18. Participants 105 159 participants aged at least 18 years. Dietary intakes were collected using repeated 24 hour dietary records (5.7 for each participant on average), designed to register participants’ usual consumption of 3300 food items. These foods were categorised using the NOVA classification according to degree of processing. Main outcome measures Associations between intake of ultra-processed food and overall risk of cardiovascular, coronary heart, and cerebrovascular diseases assessed by multivariable Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for known risk factors. Results During a median follow-up of 5.2 years, intake of ultra-processed food was associated with a higher risk of overall cardiovascular disease (1409 cases; hazard ratio for an absolute increment of 10 in the percentage of ultra-processed foods in the diet 1.12 (95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.20); P Conclusions In this large observational prospective study, higher consumption of ultra-processed foods was associated with higher risks of cardiovascular, coronary heart, and cerebrovascular diseases. These results need to be confirmed in other populations and settings, and causality remains to be established. Various factors in processing, such as nutritional composition of the final product, additives, contact materials, and neoformed contaminants might play a role in these associations, and further studies are needed to understand better the relative contributions. Meanwhile, public health authorities in several countries have recently started to promote unprocessed or minimally processed foods and to recommend limiting the consumption of ultra-processed foods. Study registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03335644.

Physical activity and its relationship with obesity, hypertension and diabetes in urban and rural Cameroon

Abstract: Objectives: To evaluate and compare physical activity patterns of urban and rural dwellers in Cameroon, and study their relationship with obesity, diabetes and hypertension Methods: We studied 2465 subjects aged ≥15 y, recruited on the basis of a random sampling of households, of whom 1183 were urban dwellers from Yaounde, the capital city of Cameroon and 1282 rural subjects from Bafut, a village of western Cameroon They all had an interviewer-administered questionnaire for the assessment of their physical activity and anthropometric measurements, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose determination The procedure was satisfactorily completed in 2325 (943%) subjects Prevalences were age-adjusted and subjects compared according to their region, sex and age group Results: Obesity was diagnosed in 171 and 30% urban and rural women, respectively (P<0001), and in 54 vs 12% urban and rural men, respectively (P<0001) The prevalence of hypertension was significantly higher in urban vs rural dwellers (114 vs 66% and 176 vs 91% in women and men, respectively; P<0001) Diabetes was more prevalent in urban compared to rural women (P<005), but not men Urban subjects were characterized by lower physical activity (P<0001), light occupation, high prevalence of multiple occupations, and reduced walking and cycling time compared to rural subjects Univariate analysis showed significant associations between both physical inactivity and obesity and high blood pressure The relationship of physical inactivity with hypertension and obesity were independent in both urban and rural men, but not in women Body mass index, blood pressure and glycaemia were higher in the first compared with the fourth quartiles of energy expenditure Conclusion: Obesity, diabetes and hypertension prevalence is higher in urban compared to rural dwellers in the populations studied Physical activity is significantly lower and differs in pattern in urban subjects compared to rural Physical inactivity is associated with these diseases, although not always significant in women

Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys

Abstract: 25. Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys. By D. B. Rubin. ISBN 0 471 08705 X. Wiley, Chichester, 1987. 258 pp. £30.25.

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Abstract: Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascul...