Author
Lidia Morawska
Other affiliations: University of Surrey, Jinan University, Thomas Jefferson University ...read more
Bio: Lidia Morawska is an academic researcher from Queensland University of Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Particle number & Ultrafine particle. The author has an hindex of 100, co-authored 746 publications receiving 95412 citations. Previous affiliations of Lidia Morawska include University of Surrey & Jinan University.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung1, Hebrew University of Jerusalem2, National Physical Laboratory3, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology4, Paris Diderot University5, Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire6, Queensland University of Technology7, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science8, University of Genoa9, National Measurement Institute10
TL;DR: In this article, an interlaboratory comparison on size characterization of SiO2 airborne nanoparticles using on-line and off-line measurement techniques is discussed, and the results of the main size distribution parameters (mean and mode diameters), obtained from several laboratories, were compared based on metrological approaches.
Abstract: Results of an interlaboratory comparison on size characterization of SiO2 airborne nanoparticles using on-line and off-line measurement techniques are discussed. This study was performed in the framework of Technical Working Area (TWA) 34—“Properties of Nanoparticle Populations” of the Versailles Project on Advanced Materials and Standards (VAMAS) in the project no. 3 “Techniques for characterizing size distribution of airborne nanoparticles”. Two types of nano-aerosols, consisting of (1) one population of nanoparticles with a mean diameter between 30.3 and 39.0 nm and (2) two populations of non-agglomerated nanoparticles with mean diameters between, respectively, 36.2–46.6 nm and 80.2–89.8 nm, were generated for characterization measurements. Scanning mobility particle size spectrometers (SMPS) were used for on-line measurements of size distributions of the produced nano-aerosols. Transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy were used as off-line measurement techniques for nanoparticles characterization. Samples were deposited on appropriate supports such as grids, filters, and mica plates by electrostatic precipitation and a filtration technique using SMPS controlled generation upstream. The results of the main size distribution parameters (mean and mode diameters), obtained from several laboratories, were compared based on metrological approaches including metrological traceability, calibration, and evaluation of the measurement uncertainty. Internationally harmonized measurement procedures for airborne SiO2 nanoparticles characterization are proposed.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a technique for capturing and analyzing plumes from unmodified aircraft or other combustion sources under real world conditions is described and applied to the task of characterizing plume from commercial aircraft during the taxiing phase of the landing/take-off (LTO) cycle.
Abstract: A technique for capturing and analyzing plumes from unmodified aircraft or other combustion sources under real world conditions is described and applied to the task of characterizing plumes from commercial aircraft during the taxiing phase of the Landing/Take-Off (LTO) cycle. The method utilizes a Plume Capture and Analysis System (PCAS) mounted in a four-wheel drive vehicle which is positioned in the airfield 60 to 180 meters downwind of aircraft operations. The approach offers low test turnaround times with the ability to complete careful measurements of particle and gaseous emission factors and sequentially scanned particle size distributions without distortion due to plume concentration fluctuations. These measurements can be performed for individual aircraft movements at five minute intervals. A Plume Capture Device (PCD) collected samples of the naturally diluted plume in a 200 L conductive membrane conforming to a defined shape. Samples from over 60 aircraft movements were collected and analyzed in-situ for particulate and gaseous concentrations and for particle size distribution using a Scanning Particle Mobility Sizer (SMPS). Emission factors are derived for particle number, NOx and PM2.5 for a widely used commercial aircraft type; Boeing 737 airframes with predominantly CFM56 class engines, during taxiing. The practical advantages of the PCAS, include the capacity to perform well targeted and controlled emission factor and size distribution measurements using instrumentation with varying response times within an airport facility, in close proximity to aircraft during their normal operations.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of coagulation, surface deposition, and ventilation on the submicrometer particle concentration indoors were assessed using measured particle loss rate and deposition velocity parameters.
Abstract: Exposure to airborne particles indoors depends on particle concentration, which is affected by air filtration, ventilation, and particle dynamics. The aim of this work was quantitative assessment of the effects of coagulation, surface deposition, and ventilation on the submicrometer particle concentration indoors. The assessment was obtained from measured particle loss rate and deposition velocity parameters. The experiments were conducted in an experimental chamber for three different types of aerosols: environmental tobacco smoke, petrol smoke, and ambient air aerosols. Particle number concentration and size distribution were measured in the size range between 0.017 and 0.898 w m by SMPS. The average values for the overall deposition loss rates varied from 4.3 2 10 m 5 s m 1 (0.16 h m 1 ) to 1.1 2 10 m 4 s m 1 (0.39 h m 1 ). The overall deposition velocities associated with surface deposition and coagulation ranged from 9.6 2 10 m 4 cm s m 1 to 2.4 2 10 m 3 cm s m 1 , and for surface deposition only fro...
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a novel land use regression model for predicting daily average NO 2 and NO x concentration, which was based on a forward regression method which incorporated monitoring data and predictor variables.
Abstract: Highlights - This study developed a novel land use regression model for predicting daily average NO 2 and NO x concentration. - Model development was based on a forward regression method which incorporated monitoring data and predictor variables. - Distance to major road, open area, residential area, and industrial were major predictor variables in the final model. - Model showed reliable predictive ability and its performance was comparable to much more data demanding models. Abstract Land use regression models are an established method for estimating spatial variability in gaseous pollutant levels across urban areas. Existing LUR models have been developed to predict annual average concentrations of airborne pollutants. None of those models have been developed to predict daily average concentrations, which are useful in health studies focused on the acute impacts of air pollution. In this study, we developed LUR models to predict daily NO 2 and NO x concentrations during 2009−2012 in the Brisbane Metropolitan Area (BMA), Australia’s third-largest city. The final models explained 64% and 70% of spatial variability in NO 2 and NO x , respectively, with leave-one-out-cross-validation R2 of 3−49% and 2−51%. Distance to major road and industrial area were the common predictor variables for both NO 2 and NO x , suggesting an important role for road traffic and industrial emissions. The novel modeling approach adopted here can be applied in other urban locations in epidemiological studies.
31 citations
01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a general exposure assessment model for indoor aerosol emission source assessment, which is applicable for private, public, and occupational indoor exposure assessment, making it a valuable tool for public health professionals, product safety designers, industrial hygienists, building scientists and environmental consultants working in the field of IAQ and health.
Abstract: Poor air quality is a leading contributor to the global disease burden and total number of deaths worldwide. Humans spend most of their time in built environments where the majority of the inhalation exposure occurs. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) is challenged by outdoor air pollution entering indoors through ventilation and infiltration and by indoor emission sources. The aim of this study was to understand the current knowledge level and gaps regarding effective approaches to improve IAQ. Emission regulations currently focus on outdoor emissions, whereas quantitative understanding of emissions from indoor sources is generally lacking. Therefore, specific indoor sources need to be identified, characterized, and quantified according to their environmental and human health impact. The emission sources should be stored in terms of relevant metrics and statistics in an easily accessible format that is applicable for source specific exposure assessment by using mathematical mass balance modelings. This forms a foundation for comprehensive risk assessment and efficient interventions. For such a general exposure assessment model we need 1) systematic methods for indoor aerosol emission source assessment, 2) source emission documentation in terms of relevant a) aerosol metrics and b) biological metrics, 3) default model parameterization for predictive exposure modeling, 4) other needs related to aerosol characterization techniques and modeling methods. Such a general exposure assessment model can be applicable for private, public, and occupational indoor exposure assessment, making it a valuable tool for public health professionals, product safety designers, industrial hygienists, building scientists, and environmental consultants working in the field of IAQ and health.
31 citations
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TL;DR: Authors/Task Force Members: Piotr Ponikowski* (Chairperson) (Poland), Adriaan A. Voors* (Co-Chair person) (The Netherlands), Stefan D. Anker (Germany), Héctor Bueno (Spain), John G. F. Cleland (UK), Andrew J. S. Coats (UK)
13,400 citations
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 aimed to estimate annual deaths for the world and 21 regions between 1980 and 2010 for 235 causes, with uncertainty intervals (UIs), separately by age and sex, using the Cause of Death Ensemble model.
11,809 citations
Theo Vos1, Amanuel Alemu Abajobir, Kalkidan Hassen Abate2, Cristiana Abbafati3 +775 more•Institutions (305)
TL;DR: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016.
10,401 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs; sum of years lived with disability [YLD] and years of life lost [YLL]) attributable to the independent effects of 67 risk factors and clusters of risk factors for 21 regions in 1990 and 2010.
9,324 citations
University of Washington1, Sapienza University of Rome2, Mekelle University3, University of Texas at San Antonio4, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences5, Debre markos University6, Emory University7, University of Oxford8, University of Cartagena9, United Nations Population Fund10, University of Birmingham11, Stanford University12, Aga Khan University13, University of Melbourne14, National Taiwan University15, University of Cambridge16, University of California, San Diego17, Public Health Foundation of India18, Public Health England19, University of Peradeniya20, Harvard University21, National Institutes of Health22, Tehran University of Medical Sciences23, Auckland University of Technology24, University of Sheffield25, University of Western Australia26, Karolinska Institutet27, Birzeit University28, Brandeis University29, American Cancer Society30, Ochsner Medical Center31, Yonsei University32, University of Bristol33, Heidelberg University34, Vanderbilt University35, South African Medical Research Council36, Jordan University of Science and Technology37, New Generation University College38, Northeastern University39, Simmons College40, Norwegian Institute of Public Health41, Boston University42, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention43, University of Bari44, University of São Paulo45, University of Otago46, University of Crete47, International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh48, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center49, Teikyo University50, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre51, University of Tokyo52, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health53, Heriot-Watt University54, University of Alabama at Birmingham55, Griffith University56, National Center for Disease Control and Public Health57, University of California, Irvine58, Johns Hopkins University59, New York University60, University of Queensland61, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais62, National Research University – Higher School of Economics63, University of Bergen64, Columbia University65, Shandong University66, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill67, Fujita Health University68, Korea University69, Chongqing Medical University70, Zhejiang University71
TL;DR: The global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013 is estimated using a spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression model to estimate prevalence with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs).
9,180 citations