Lily D. Poulikakos

Bio: Lily D. Poulikakos is an academic researcher from Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology. The author has contributed to research in topics: Asphalt & Dynamic shear rheometer. The author has an hindex of 26, co-authored 127 publications receiving 2648 citations.

Influence of Six Rejuvenators on the Performance Properties of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Binder and 100% Recycled Asphalt Mixtures

Abstract: 100% recycled hot mix asphalt lab samples were modified with five generic and one proprietary rejuvenators at 12% dose and tested for binder and mixture properties. Waste Vegetable Oil, Waste Vegetable Grease, Organic Oil, Distilled Tall Oil, and Aromatic Extract reduced the Superpave performance grade (PG) from 94–12 of extracted binder to PG 64-22 while waste engine oil required higher dose. All products ensured excellent rutting resistance while providing longer fatigue life when compared to virgin mixtures and most lowered critical cracking temperature. Rejuvenated samples required more compaction energy compared to virgin and some oils reduced moisture resistance slightly.

Harvesting the unexplored potential of European waste materials for road construction

Abstract: This paper demonstrates how a considerable amount of waste produced in the urban and peri-urban environment can be recycled in asphalt roads. The example presented is from Europe, however, the barriers and conclusions are universal. It was shown that various waste materials such as glass, asphalt, concrete, wood, plastics etc. have a potential for re-use in asphalt roads. The available quantities of the European target waste materials that would otherwise be incinerated or disposed in landfills were considered. It was shown that there is high potential in Europe for recycling in road construction, in particular, under the hypothetical scenario where 33% of new roads would be made of the target waste materials (excluding RAP which is already recycled), it is estimated that 16% of the available waste quantities could be recycled in roads. Four hypothetical roads were analysed showing a considerable savings in costs, CO2 and energy in comparison to conventional asphalt mixtures using all virgin components.

FTIR spectral analysis of bituminous binders: reproducibility and impact of ageing temperature

Abstract: This RILEM round robin study with nine participating laboratories investigated bitumen ageing, its effect on chemical properties and its reproducibility. The impact of temperature used for short-term (RTFOT) binder ageing on the combined short- and long-term (PAV) aged samples was investigated; thereby the effect of reduced mixing temperature such as those relevant for warm mix asphalt technologies on long term ageing was examined. Four 70/100 penetration graded bituminous binders from different sources were selected. In addition to the standard RTFOT temperature of 163 °C, two additional temperatures, 143 and 123 °C were used. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was carried out using an integration method which considers the area below the absorbance spectrum around a band maximum using baseline and tangential approaches. A statistical investigation into the reproducibility of FTIR spectra analysis based on the accumulated data was done. To assess the reproducibility, the coefficient of variation (CV) was taken as a benchmark parameter. Carbonyl and sulfoxide indices were calculated using different baseline correction methods and tangential and baseline integration, respectively. It was shown that the tangential method was not influenced by the applied baseline correction. However, in all considered cases, the tangential method led to significantly worse reproducibility (CVs ranging from 20 to 120%) compared to the baseline method. The sulfoxide indices calculated by both methods were not affected by the baseline correction method used. Impacts of changes in the short-term ageing temperature on short- or long-term aged samples could not be found whereas differences between different binder sources could be detected. RTFOT temperature and therefore mix production temperature had a stronger impact on the formation of sulfoxide structures than for carbonyl structures. The findings from this study show the most reproducible of all considered methods when more than one laboratory is providing FTIR data.