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Lisa D. Hawke

Bio: Lisa D. Hawke is an academic researcher from Centre for Addiction and Mental Health. The author has contributed to research in topics: Mental health & Medicine. The author has an hindex of 21, co-authored 65 publications receiving 1171 citations. Previous affiliations of Lisa D. Hawke include Laval University & Université de Saint-Boniface.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the literature applying schema theory to mood and anxiety disorders can be found in this article, where the authors suggest that people with depression and anxiety present high levels of early maladaptive schemas.
Abstract: Schema theory was developed for patients with chronic psychological problems who fail to make significant gains in cognitive therapy. Although the theory has been applied most frequently to personality disorders, mood and anxiety disorders may also be a relevant application. This article reviews the literature applying schema theory to mood and anxiety disorders. The literature suggests that people with mood and anxiety disorders present high levels of early maladaptive schemas, some of which would appear to reflect the characteristics of the individual disorders. Preliminary research suggests that schema therapy may be successfully extended to mood and anxiety disorders. Further research is necessary to examine the utility of schema therapy for these clienteles and to identify the individuals who stand to benefit most. Keywords: cognitive schemas; schema therapy; mood disorders; anxiety disorders; literature review Mood and anxiety disorders encompass a wide range of highly prevalent mental health problems. An estimated 20.8% of the population will experience a mood disorder at some point in their lives, whereas 28.8% will experience an anxiety disorder (Kessler et al., 2005). Among the risk factors for developing mood or anxiety disorders are a positive family history of a psychiatric disorder and childhood trauma (de Graaf, Bijl, Smit, Vollebergh, & Spijker, 2002). The cognitive vulnerability-stress theory has been advanced to explain mood and anxiety disorders (Alloy & Riskind, 2006). Based on Beck's (1987) cognitive theory, individuals who have negative cognitive schemas or core beliefs are at an increased risk for depression. When a stressful life event occurs, negative cognitive schemas are activated and affect the way the individual interprets the event, leading to depressive symptoms. A similar process has been proposed to explain the vulnerability to anxiety (e.g., Hankin & Abela, 2005). Considerable evidence supports the cognitive vulnerability-stress theory as applied to the mood and anxiety disorders (e.g., Hankin, Abramson, Miller, & Haeffel, 2004; Reardon & Williams, 2007). Based on Beck's cognitive model, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has evolved as a treatment of choice (Clark & Beck, 2010; Clark, Beck, & Alford, 1999; Newman, Leahy, Beck, Reilly-Harrington, & Gyulai, 2002). CBT employs techniques such as cognitive restructuring, behavioral activation, exposure, and relaxation training. For example, patients undergoing CBT are asked to track their automatic thoughts and the associated beliefs, emotions, and behaviors. They are then taught to challenge their maladaptive beliefs and test alternative behaviors. This form of psychotherapy has been demonstrated effective for a wide range of disorders (Nathan & Gorman, 2007). Although as a whole CBT is quite effective for the mood and anxiety disorders, some patients continue to show symptoms or experience relapses subsequent to treatment, particularly in chronic cases (Durham, Chambers, MacDonald, Power, & Major, 2003; Fournier et al., 2009). For these patients, a different approach would seem to be required. To this end, Jeffrey Young developed schema theory for patients with severe, chronic psychological problems who fail to make significant gains in traditional cognitive therapy (Young, 1990; Young, Klosko, & Weishaar, 2003). Young suggests that certain patients are a poor fit for cognitive therapy and require a more extensive treatment approach, in part because of their difficulty identifying, accessing, and changing their cognitions and emotions. Young's schema theory does not attempt to compete with traditional Beckian theory, but rather expands on it for a treatment-resistant clientele whose psychological problems are thought to be maintained by complex characterological underpinnings. It does so by placing greater emphasis on the developmental origins of severe psychopathology. …

140 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The current novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents a time-sensitive opportunity to rapidly enhance our knowledge about the impacts of public health crises on yout... as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Objectives:The current novel coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic presents a time-sensitive opportunity to rapidly enhance our knowledge about the impacts of public health crises on yout...

139 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Stigma reduction initiatives should target individuals living with bipolar disorder, their families, workplaces, and the healthcare industry, taking into account the experiences and impacts of BD stigma to improve social support, course of illness, and quality of life.

103 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the early stages of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic period, which included 29 transgender and gender-diverse youth and 593 cisgender youth.
Abstract: Objective: The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is raising concerns about mental health across the population Because transgender and gender-diverse youth have particular mental health vulnerabilities, this study examines their mental health challenges during the early stages of the pandemic Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the early COVID-19 pandemic period, which included 29 transgender and gender-diverse youth and 593 cisgender youth Descriptive statistics, Fisher's exact tests, and logistic regression analyses were conducted to understand the differential impact of COVID-19 on mental health and related constructs Results: Results show that transgender and gender diverse youth are more greatly affected by mental health challenges during the COVID-19 pandemic than cisgender youth (p = 001) They report more mental health and substance use service disruptions (p < 001) and less social support from their families (p = 007) compared with cisgender youth A large proportion (63 0%) report unmet needs for mental health and substance use during the early pandemic period, compared with 27 9% of cisgender youth (p = 008) Conclusions: Transgender and gender-diverse youth constitute a vulnerable population during the COVID-19 pandemic and are experiencing substantial mental health impacts, in conjunction with high levels of service disruption and less support from family members Researchers and service planners are encouraged to engage directly with transgender and gender diverse youth to understand how their support needs evolve over the course of the pandemic and how services can be adapted to meet their needs (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement Because the COVID-19 pandemic is raising concerns about mental health, especially among vulnerable populations, we examined mental health during COVID-19 among youth with cisgender versus transgender and gender-diverse identities Results show that transgender and gender-diverse youth are experiencing substantial negative mental health impacts from the pandemic, more so than cisgender youth They also report more mental health and substance use service disruptions and less social support from their families compared with cisgender youth Researchers and service planners are encouraged to work directly with transgender and gender-diverse youth to understand how services can be adapted to meet their needs (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

88 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Internationally, integrated youth service hubs were found to share common key principles, while providing comprehensive services to youth with mental health difficulties, with a great need for common language and measurement framework to facilitate replication, rigorous evaluation of outcomes, knowledge exchange, and dissemination of findings.
Abstract: Community-based, integrated youth service hubs have the potential to address some of the longstanding issues with mental health services for youth, including problems with access and system fragmentation. Better understanding of these approaches, particularly efforts to create a single point of entry to comprehensive, evidence-based services through youth service hubs, is needed to help guide future implementation and evaluation. This scoping review identifies the key principles and characteristics of these models of care, as well as the state of the literature, particularly with regard to implementation and replicability. Electronic databases and grey literature sources were searched for material from 2001 to 2019, with diverse search terms capturing the concept of “integrated” or “one-stop shop” youth mental health services. Title/abstract and full text review were conducted, as well as additional focused searching. After screening 4891 texts at the title/abstract level and 496 at the full-text level, 110 documents were included for data extraction. Several integrated care hub models for youth mental health services and related frameworks were identified internationally, largely in high-income countries. Common principles included an emphasis on rapid access to care and early intervention, youth and family engagement, youth-friendly settings and services, evidence-informed approaches, and partnerships and collaboration. Program characteristics also revealed similarities (e.g., providing evidence-informed or evidence-based services in youth-friendly spaces), with some differences (e.g., care coordination methods, types of service providers), potentially attributable to lack of available information about key ingredients. Outcome research was limited, with few rigorous evaluations of youth outcomes. Moreover, sufficient information for replication, community evaluation of feasibility or actual implementation was rarely provided. Internationally, integrated youth service hubs were found to share common key principles, while providing comprehensive services to youth with mental health difficulties. There is a great need for common language and measurement framework to facilitate replication, rigorous evaluation of outcomes, knowledge exchange, and dissemination of findings.

82 citations


Cited by
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01 Jan 2016
TL;DR: The using multivariate statistics is universally compatible with any devices to read, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of the authors' books like this one.
Abstract: Thank you for downloading using multivariate statistics. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this using multivariate statistics, but end up in infectious downloads. Rather than reading a good book with a cup of tea in the afternoon, instead they juggled with some harmful bugs inside their laptop. using multivariate statistics is available in our digital library an online access to it is set as public so you can download it instantly. Our books collection saves in multiple locations, allowing you to get the most less latency time to download any of our books like this one. Merely said, the using multivariate statistics is universally compatible with any devices to read.

14,604 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: Definition: To what extent does the study allow us to draw conclusions about a causal effect between two or more constructs?
Abstract: Definition: To what extent does the study allow us to draw conclusions about a causal effect between two or more constructs? Issues: Selection, maturation, history, mortality, testing, regression towrd the mean, selection by maturation, treatment by mortality, treatment by testing, measured treatment variables Increase: Eliminate the threats, above all do experimental manipulations, random assignment, and counterbalancing.

2,006 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments published guidelines for the management of bipolar disorder in 2005, with updates in 2007 and 2009, and this third update, in conjunction with the International Society for Bipolar Disorders, reviews new evidence and is designed to be used in conjunctionWith the previous publications.
Abstract: The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments published guidelines for the management of bipolar disorder in 2005, with updates in 2007 and 2009. This third update, in conjunction with the International Society for Bipolar Disorders, reviews new evidence and is designed to be used in conjunction with the previous publications.The recommendations for the management of acute mania remain largely unchanged. Lithium, valproate, and several atypical antipsychotic agents continue to be first-line treatments for acute mania. Monotherapy with asenapine, paliperidone extended release (ER), and divalproex ER, as well as adjunctive asenapine, have been added as first-line options.For the management of bipolar depression, lithium, lamotrigine, and quetiapine monotherapy, as well as olanzapine plus selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), and lithium or divalproex plus SSRI/bupropion remain first-line options. Lurasidone monotherapy and the combination of lurasidone or lamotrigine plus lithium or divalproex have been added as a second-line options. Ziprasidone alone or as adjunctive therapy, and adjunctive levetiracetam have been added as not-recommended options for the treatment of bipolar depression. Lithium, lamotrigine, valproate, olanzapine, quetiapine, aripiprazole, risperidone long-acting injection, and adjunctive ziprasidone continue to be first-line options for maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder. Asenapine alone or as adjunctive therapy have been added as third-line options.

1,369 citations

17 Oct 2011
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the evidence and the gaps in the published work in terms of prevalence, risk and protective factors, and interventions to prevent and treat childhood and adolescent mental health problems.
Abstract: This article suggests that while mental health problems affect 10—20% of children and adolescents worldwide, the mental health needs of children and adolescents are neglected, especially in low-income and middle-income countries. The authors review the evidence and the gaps in the published work in terms of prevalence, risk and protective factors, and interventions to prevent and treat childhood and adolescent mental health problems.

1,088 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These 2018 CANMAT and ISBD Bipolar Treatment Guidelines represent the significant advances in the field since the last full edition was published in 2005, including updates to diagnosis and management as well as new research into pharmacological and psychological treatments.
Abstract: The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) previously published treatment guidelines for bipolar disorder in 2005, along with international commentaries and subsequent updates in 2007, 2009, and 2013. The last two updates were published in collaboration with the International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD). These 2018 CANMAT and ISBD Bipolar Treatment Guidelines represent the significant advances in the field since the last full edition was published in 2005, including updates to diagnosis and management as well as new research into pharmacological and psychological treatments. These advances have been translated into clear and easy to use recommendations for first, second, and third- line treatments, with consideration given to levels of evidence for efficacy, clinical support based on experience, and consensus ratings of safety, tolerability, and treatment-emergent switch risk. New to these guidelines, hierarchical rankings were created for first and second- line treatments recommended for acute mania, acute depression, and maintenance treatment in bipolar I disorder. Created by considering the impact of each treatment across all phases of illness, this hierarchy will further assist clinicians in making evidence-based treatment decisions. Lithium, quetiapine, divalproex, asenapine, aripiprazole, paliperidone, risperidone, and cariprazine alone or in combination are recommended as first-line treatments for acute mania. First-line options for bipolar I depression include quetiapine, lurasidone plus lithium or divalproex, lithium, lamotrigine, lurasidone, or adjunctive lamotrigine. While medications that have been shown to be effective for the acute phase should generally be continued for the maintenance phase in bipolar I disorder, there are some exceptions (such as with antidepressants); and available data suggest that lithium, quetiapine, divalproex, lamotrigine, asenapine, and aripiprazole monotherapy or combination treatments should be considered first-line for those initiating or switching treatment during the maintenance phase. In addition to addressing issues in bipolar I disorder, these guidelines also provide an overview of, and recommendations for, clinical management of bipolar II disorder, as well as advice on specific populations, such as women at various stages of the reproductive cycle, children and adolescents, and older adults. There are also discussions on the impact of specific psychiatric and medical comorbidities such as substance use, anxiety, and metabolic disorders. Finally, an overview of issues related to safety and monitoring is provided. The CANMAT and ISBD groups hope that these guidelines become a valuable tool for practitioners across the globe.

950 citations