Pulmonary hypertension is associated with diverse cardiac, pulmonary, and systemic diseases in neonates, infants, and older children and contributes to significant morbidity and mortality. However, current approaches to caring for pediatric patients with pulmonary hypertension have been limited by the lack of consensus guidelines from experts in the field. In a joint effort from the American Heart Association and American Thoracic Society, a panel of experienced clinicians and clinician-scientists was assembled to review the current literature and to make recommendations on the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of pediatric pulmonary hypertension. This publication presents the results of extensive literature reviews, discussions, and formal scoring of recommendations for the care of children with pulmonary hypertension.

Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension: Guidelines From the American Heart Association and American Thoracic Society

Alexis A. Topjian, MD, MSCE, Chair; Tia T. Raymond, MD, Vice-Chair; Dianne Atkins, MD; Melissa Chan, MD; Jonathan P. Duff, MD, Med; Benny L. Joyner Jr, MD, MPH; Javier J. Lasa, MD; Eric J. Lavonas, MD, MS; Arielle Levy, MD, Med; Melissa Mahgoub, PhD; Garth D. Meckler, MD, MSHS; Kathryn E. Roberts, MSN, RN; Robert M. Sutton, MD, MSCE; Stephen M. Schexnayder, MD; On behalf of the Pediatric Basic and Advanced Life Support Collaborators

https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000916

Part 4: Pediatric Basic and Advanced Life Support: 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is associated with high mortality and morbidity. To date, there are no standardized protocols for the treatment of infants with this anomaly. However, protocols based on the literature and expert opinion might improve outcome. This paper is a consensus statement from the CDH EURO Consortium prepared with the aim of achieving standardized postnatal treatment in European countries. During a consensus meeting between high-volume centers with expertise in the treatment of CDH in Europe (CDH EURO Consortium), the most recent literature on CDH was discussed. Thereafter, 5 experts graded the studies according to the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) Criteria. Differences in opinion were discussed until full consensus was reached. The final consensus statement, therefore, represents the opinion of all consortium members. Multicenter randomized controlled trials on CDH are lacking. Use of a standardized protocol, however, may contribute to more valid comparisons of patient data in multicenter studies and identification of areas for further research.

/pdf/standardized-postnatal-management-of-infants-with-congenital-2ihhmz0glx.pdf

Standardized Postnatal Management of Infants with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia in Europe: The CDH EURO Consortium Consensus - 2015 Update

Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension

https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000918

Part 1: Executive Summary: 2020 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care

Inhaled prostacyclin for term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension refractory to inhaled nitric oxide.

The use of exogenous nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to alter the regulation of other endothelially derived mediators of vascular tone, such as endothelin-1 (ET-1). However, the interaction betwee...

https://www.physiology.org/doi/pdf/10.1152/ajplung.00224.2003

Lisa K. Kelly

Papers

Inhaled prostacyclin for term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension refractory to inhaled nitric oxide.

Nitric oxide decreases endothelin-1 secretion through the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase