Author
Liyong Xie
Bio: Liyong Xie is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Agriculture & Food safety. The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 854 citations.
Topics: Agriculture, Food safety, Food security, Food systems, Food processing
Papers
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01 Jan 2014
TL;DR: The questions for this chapter are how far climate and its change affect current food production systems and food security and the extent to which they will do so in the future.
Abstract: Many definitions of food security exist, and these have been the subject of much debate. As early as 1992, Maxwell and Smith (1992) reviewed more than 180 items discussing concepts and definitions, and more definitions have been formulated since (DEFRA, 2006). Whereas many earlier definitions centered on food production, more recent definitions highlight access to food, in keeping with the 1996 World Food Summit definition (FAO, 1996) that food security is met when “all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food to meet their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life.” Worldwide attention on food access was given impetus by the food “price spike” in 2007–2008, triggered by a complex set of long- and short-term factors (FAO, 2009b; von Braun and Torero, 2009). FAO concluded, “provisional estimates show that, in 2007, 75 million more people were added to the total number of undernourished relative to 2003–05” (FAO, 2008); this is arguably a low-end estimate (Headey and Fan, 2010). More than enough food is currently produced per capita to feed the global population, yet about 870 million people remained hungry in the period from 2010 to 2012 (FAO et al., 2012). The questions for this chapter are how far climate and its change affect current food production systems and food security and the extent to which they will do so in the future (Figure 7-1).
960 citations
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TL;DR: A forum to review, analyze and stimulate the development, testing and implementation of mitigation and adaptation strategies at regional, national and global scales as mentioned in this paper, which contributes to real-time policy analysis and development as national and international policies and agreements are discussed.
Abstract: ▶ Addresses a wide range of timely environment, economic and energy topics ▶ A forum to review, analyze and stimulate the development, testing and implementation of mitigation and adaptation strategies at regional, national and global scales ▶ Contributes to real-time policy analysis and development as national and international policies and agreements are discussed and promulgated ▶ 94% of authors who answered a survey reported that they would definitely publish or probably publish in the journal again
2,587 citations
Goddard Institute for Space Studies1, University of Chicago2, Columbia University3, University of East Anglia4, Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research5, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology6, University of Florida7, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology8, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis9, Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency10, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna11
TL;DR: Uncertainties related to the representation of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and high temperature effects demonstrated here show that further research is urgently needed to better understand effects of climate change on agricultural production and to devise targeted adaptation strategies.
Abstract: Here we present the results from an intercomparison of multiple global gridded crop models (GGCMs) within the framework of the Agricultural Model Intercomparison and Improvement Project and the Inter-Sectoral Impacts Model Intercomparison Project. Results indicate strong negative effects of climate change, especially at higher levels of warming and at low latitudes; models that include explicit nitrogen stress project more severe impacts. Across seven GGCMs, five global climate models, and four representative concentration pathways, model agreement on direction of yield changes is found in many major agricultural regions at both low and high latitudes; however, reducing uncertainty in sign of response in mid-latitude regions remains a challenge. Uncertainties related to the representation of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and high temperature effects demonstrated here show that further research is urgently needed to better understand effects of climate change on agricultural production and to devise targeted adaptation strategies.
1,704 citations
Deakin University1, University of Auckland2, Virginia Tech3, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation4, Catholic University of Leuven5, Public Health Foundation of India6, Imperial College London7, Australian National University8, Brookings Institution9, Washington University in St. Louis10, University of Stirling11, University of London12, Harvard University13, University of Hertfordshire14, McGill University15, Drexel University16, Tehran University of Medical Sciences17, George Washington University18, Newcastle University19, Wellington Management Company20, Huazhong University of Science and Technology21, World Bank22, University of Cape Town23, University of Amsterdam24, University of Newcastle25
TL;DR: This work aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, which aims to provide real-time information about concrete mechanical properties such as E-modulus and compressive strength.
1,480 citations
TL;DR: The 2015 Lancet Commission on Health and Climate Change has been formed to map out the impacts of climate change, and the necessary policy responses, in order to ensure the highest attainable stand-alone position on climate change.
1,198 citations
University College London1, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis2, University of Reading3, Brighton and Sussex Medical School4, University of London5, Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences6, Umeå University7, Tsinghua University8, Cardiff University9, University of Geneva10, University of New England (United States)11, University of Birmingham12, Yale University13, University of Washington14, Northeastern University15, Virginia Tech16, University of York17, Cayetano Heredia University18, University of Sussex19, Nelson Marlborough Institute of Technology20, Emory University21, Columbia University22, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science23, Babson College24, Iran University of Medical Sciences25, University of Exeter26, Imperial College London27, University of Colorado Boulder28, Griffith University29, University of Aberdeen30, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control31, Universiti Teknologi MARA32, Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory33
TL;DR: The 2019 report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change : ensuring that the health of a child born today is not defined by a changing climate is ensured.
794 citations