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Lu-Lu Hao

Bio: Lu-Lu Hao is an academic researcher from Chinese Academy of Sciences. The author has contributed to research in topics: Subduction & Magmatism. The author has an hindex of 8, co-authored 19 publications receiving 176 citations. Previous affiliations of Lu-Lu Hao include Center for Excellence in Education & University of Science and Technology of China.

Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the ca. 110-104 Ma Gerze lavas (basalts, basaltic andesites, andesite, dacites and rhyolites) in southern Qiangtang.
Abstract: Identification of arc magmatic rock associations in a subduction zone has important implications for specifically revealing the geodynamic evolution of the subduction system. The closure time of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean and the detailed subduction processes have been hotly debated, hindering our understanding of the tectonic evolution of central Tibet. Here, we investigated the ca. 110-104 Ma Gerze lavas (basalts, basaltic andesites, andesites, dacites, and rhyolites) in southern Qiangtang. Fusion of slab fluid-metasomatized mantle wedge could yield the basalts, and such basaltic magmas, if contaminated with ancient basement orthogneisses, could have formed the andesites. The basaltic andesites with high Nb and Nb/La are similar to the Nb-enriched arc basalts and probably originated from slab melt-metasomatized mantle. The dacites were generated by fractional crystallization of the subducted melange-derived intermediate magmas. The rhyolites have geochemical characteristics (high SiO2 and La/Yb; low MgO and Sr/Y) similar to those of Jamaican-type adakites and were possibly sourced from the subducted oceanic plateau at low pressures. The Gerze Jamaican-type adakites and Nb-enriched basalt association could imply intense slab-mantle interactions. The Gerze lava suites show clear arc affinities, indicating that oceanic subduction may have lasted until 100 Ma. Based on previous studies and a noticeable ca. 145-125 Ma magmatic lull in southern Qiangtang, we suggest that the Bangong-Nujiang oceanic subduction geodynamics involved normal subduction (170-145 Ma), flat subduction (145-125 Ma), and slab roll-back (125-101 Ma). Moreover, the flat subduction was most likely caused by subduction of the oceanic plateau. Therefore, we propose, for the first time, that Tethyan oceanic plateau subduction during the Early Cretaceous could explain the tectonic evolution of the Bangong-Nujiang Ocean and distinctive magmatism in southern Qiangtang, central Tibet.

77 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported new SIMS zircon U-Pb dates along with ZIRcon O isotope and trace element analyses, to constrain the origin of these zircons and the interpretation of Zircon dates.

49 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that partial melting of mafic rocks can generate adakitic magmas under pressure, temperature, and hydrous conditions of 1.2-3.0 GPa, 800-1000°C, and 1.5-6.0 wt.% H2O.
Abstract: Adakitic rocks are intermediate-acid magmatic rocks characterized by enrichment in light rare-earth elements, depletion in heavy rare-earth elements, positive to negligible Eu and Sr anomalies, and high La/Yb and Sr/Y ratios. Cenozoic adakitic rocks generated by partial melting of subducted oceanic crust (slab) under eclogite-facies conditions (i.e., the original definition of “adakite”) occur mainly in Pacific Rim volcanic arcs (intra-oceanic, continental, and continental-margin island arcs), whereas those generated by partial melting of thickened lower crust occur mainly in Tethyan Tibetan collisional orogens. In volcanic arcs, adakitic melts derived from the melting of subducted oceanic crust metasomatize the mantle wedge to form a unique rock suite comprising adakite-adakite-type high-Mg andesite-Piip-type high-Mg andesite-Nb-rich basalt-boninite. This suite differs from the basalt-andesite-dacite-rhyolite suite formed from mantle wedge metasomatized by fluids derived from subducted oceanic crust. Previously published data indicate that partial melting of mafic rocks can generate adakitic magmas under pressure, temperature, and hydrous conditions of 1.2–3.0 GPa, 800–1000°C, and 1.5–6.0 wt.% H2O, respectively, leaving residual minerals of garnet and rutile with little or no plagioclase. Cenozoic Au and Cu deposits occur proximally to adakitic rocks, with host rocks of some deposits actually being adakitic rocks. Adakitic rocks thus have important implications for both deep-Earth dynamics and Cu-Au mineralization/exploration. Although studies of Cenozoic adakitic rocks have made many important advances, there remain weaknesses in some important areas such as their tectonic settings, petrogenesis, magma sources, melt-mantle interactions of pre-Cenozoic adakitic rocks, and their relationship with the onset of plate tectonics and crustal growth. Future research directions are likely to involve (1) the generation of adakitic magmas by experimental simulations of partial melting of different types of rock (including intermediate-acid rocks) and magma fractional crystallization at different temperatures and pressures, (2) the relationship between magma reservoir evolution and the formation of adakitic rocks, (3) the tectonic setting and petrogenesis of pre-Cenozoic adakitic rocks and related geodynamic processes, (4) interactions between slab melts and the mantle wedge, (5) the formation of Archean adakitic tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite and its link to the onset of plate tectonics and crustal growth, and (6) the relationship between the formation of adakitic rocks and metal mineralization in different tectonic settings.

29 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Aseismic ridge subduction is a common geodynamic process in modern oceanic plate tectonics and plays an important role in the generation of arc magmatism, material recycling, the growth and evolution of continental crust, deformation and modification of the overlying plates, and metallogenesis at convergent plate boundaries.
Abstract: Modern oceans contain large bathymetric highs (spreading oceanic ridges, aseismic ridges or oceanic plateaus and inactive arc ridges) that, in total, constitute more than 20–30% of the total area of the world’s ocean floor. These bathymetric highs may be subducted, and such processes are commonly referred to as ridge subduction. Such ridge subduction events are not only very common and important geodynamic processes in modern oceanic plate tectonics, they also play an important role in the generation of arc magmatism, material recycling, the growth and evolution of continental crust, the deformation and modification of the overlying plates, and metallogenesis at convergent plate boundaries. Therefore, these events have attracted widespread attention. The perpendicular or high-angle subduction of mid-ocean spreading ridges is commonly characterized by the occurrence of a slab window, and the formation of a distinctive adakite–high-Mg andesite–Nb-enriched basalt-oceanic island basalt (OIB) or a mid-oceanic ridge basalt (MORB)-type rock suite, and is closely associated with Au mineralization. Aseismic ridges or oceanic plateaus are traditionally considered to be difficult to subduct, to typically collide with arcs or continents or to induce flat subduction (low angle of less than 10°) due to the thickness of their underlying normal oceanic crust (> 6–7 km) and high topography. However, the subduction of aseismic ridges and oceanic plateaus occurred on both the western and eastern sides of the Pacific Ocean during the Cenozoic. On the eastern side of the Pacific Ocean, aseismic ridges or oceanic plateaus are being subducted flatly or at low angles beneath South and Central American continents, which may cause a magmatic gap. But slab melting can occur and adakites, or an adakite–high-Mg andesite–adakitic andesite–Nb-enriched basalt suite may be formed during the slab rollback or tearing. Cu-Au mineralization is commonly associated with such flat subduction events. On the western side of the Pacific Ocean, however, aseismic ridges and oceanic plateaus are subducted at relatively high angles (>30°). These subduction processes can generate large scale eruptions of basalts, basaltic andesites and andesites, which may be derived from fractional crystallization of magmas originating from the subduction zone fluid-metasomatized mantle wedge. In addition, some inactive arc ridges are subducted beneath Southwest Japan, and these subduction processes are commonly associated with the production of basalts, high-Mg andesites and adakites and Au mineralization. Besides magmatism and Cu-Au mineralization, ridge subduction may also trigger subduction erosion in subduction zones. Future frontiers of research will include characterizing the spatial and temporal patterns of ridge subduction events, clarifying the associated geodynamic mechanisms, quantifying subduction zone material recycling, establishing the associated deep crustal and mantle events that generate or influence magmatism and Cu-Au mineralization, establishing criteria to recognize pre-Cenozoic ridge subduction, the onset of modern-style plate tectonics and the growth mechanisms for Archean continental crust.

24 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reported on zircon U-Pb and mineral Ar-40-Ar-39 age, Zircon Hf-O isotope, mineral composition, whole-rock major and trace element composition, and Nd-Sr isotope data for the postcollisional K-rich lavas in the Gemuchaka area of the central Qiangtang Block (central Tibet).
Abstract: Postcollisional potassium (K)-rich magmatic rocks have important implications for unveiling the deep geodynamic processes active during the evolution of orogenic belts and the surface uplift of plateaus. However, their petrogenesis remains highly controversial. Here we report on zircon U-Pb and mineral Ar-40-Ar-39 age, zircon Hf-O isotope, mineral composition, whole-rock major and trace element composition, and Nd-Sr isotope data for the postcollisional K-rich lavas in the Gemuchaka area of the central Qiangtang Block (central Tibet). Age dating suggests that these lavas were generated in the late Early Oligocene (ca. 30 Ma). Two series of rocks were recognized: silica-undersaturated and -saturated lavas. Both series are geochemically characterized by continuous variation trends. All rocks are enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs) relative to heavy REEs (HREEs) and depleted in Ta-Nb-Ti, with negligible Sr and Eu and obviously positive Pb anomalies. The rocks have higher Th/ La (0.2-0.8) and Nb/Ta (18.6-19.8) values than asthenospheric mantle-derived rocks but slightly variable values of epsilon(Nd) (t) (-6.0 to -4.6), (Sr-87/Sr-86)(i) (0.7076-0.7083), and zircon epsilon(HF)(t) (-7.2 to +0.8) and delta O-18 (7.1-8.5 parts per thousand). We suggest that the parental magmas of these K-rich lavas were likely derived by variable partial melting of lithospheric mantle metaso-matized by subducting continental sediment-derived melts with the addition of minor asthenospheric components. Element modeling results suggest that the basic end members were likely generated by fractionation processes dominated by olivine and minor clinopyroxene from parental magmas, and some other evolved rocks were generated by crystal (olivine, clinopyroxene, Fe-Ti oxides) fractionation from basic magmas. Combining geological and Cenozoic magmatic rock data in the Qiangtang Block, we propose that the Gemuchaka magmatism was most likely triggered by the delamination of lithospheric mantle thickened by early (Paleocene- Eocene) intracontinental subduction and subsequent asthenospheric upwelling.

23 citations


Cited by
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01 Dec 2010
TL;DR: Using zircon in situ U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic and bulk-rock geochemical data of Mesozoic-Early Tertiary magmatic rocks sampled along four north-south traverses across the Lhasa Terrane, Wang et al. as discussed by the authors showed that the Lhaasa terrane has ancient basement rocks of Proterozoic and Archean ages (up to 2870 Ma) in its centre with younger and juvenile crust (Phanerozoic) accreted towards its both northern and southern edges.
Abstract: article i nfo The Lhasa Terrane in southern Tibet has long been accepted as the last geological block accreted to Eurasia before its collision with the northward drifting Indian continent in the Cenozoic, but its lithospheric architecture, drift and growth histories and the nature of its northern suture with Eurasia via the Qiangtang Terrane remain enigmatic. Using zircon in situ U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopic and bulk-rock geochemical data of Mesozoic-Early Tertiary magmatic rocks sampled along four north-south traverses across the Lhasa Terrane, we show that the Lhasa Terrane has ancient basement rocks of Proterozoic and Archean ages (up to 2870 Ma) in its centre with younger and juvenile crust (Phanerozoic) accreted towards its both northern and southern edges. This finding proves that the central Lhasa subterrane was once a microcontinent. This continent has survived from its long journey across the Paleo-Tethyan Ocean basins and has grown at the edges through magmatism resulting from oceanic lithosphere subduction towards beneath it during its journey and subsequent collisions with the Qiangtang Terrane to the north and with the Indian continent to the south. Zircon Hf isotope data indicate significant mantle source contributions to the generation of these granitoid rocks (e.g., ~50-90%, 0-70%, and 30-100% to the Mesozoic magmatism in the southern, central, and northern Lhasa subterranes, respectively). We suggest that much of the Mesozoic magmatism in the Lhasa Terrane may be associated with the southward Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan seafloor subduction beneath the Lhasa Terrane, which likely began in the Middle Permian (or earlier) and ceased in the late Early Cretaceous, and that the significant changes of zircon eHf(t) at ~113 and ~52 Ma record tectonomagmatic activities as a result of slab break-off and related mantle melting events following the Qiangtang-Lhasa amalgamation and India-Lhasa amalgamation, respectively. These results manifest the efficacy of zircons as a chronometer (U-Pb dating) and a geochemical tracer (Hf isotopes) in understanding the origin and histories of lithospheric plates and in revealing the tectonic evolution of old orogenies in the context of plate tectonics.

730 citations

01 Dec 2008
TL;DR: The Qiangtang metamorphic belt (QMB) in central Tibet is one of the largest and most recently documented high pressure to near-ultra-high pressure (near-UHP) belts on Earth.
Abstract: The Qiangtang metamorphic belt (QMB) in central Tibet is one of the largest and most recently documented high-pressure (HP) to near-ultrahigh-pressure (near-UHP) belts on Earth. Lu-Hf ages of eclogite- and blueschist-facies rocks within the QMB are 244–223 Ma, indistinguishable from the age of UHP metamorphism in the Qinling-Dabie orogen. Results of a U-Pb detrital zircon study suggest that protoliths of the QMB include upper Paleozoic Qiangtang continental margin strata and sandstones that were derived from a Paleozoic arc terrane that developed within the Paleo-Tethys Ocean to the north. We attribute QMB HP metamorphism to continental collision between the Qiangtang terrane and a Paleo-Tethys arc terrane. This collision, and the coeval South China–North China collision, may have slowed convergence between Laurasia and Gondwana-derived terranes and initiated Mediterranean-style rollback and backarc basin development within much of the remnant Paleo-Tethys Ocean realm.

386 citations

Journal Article
TL;DR: In this paper, glass inclusions in mantle minerals in xenoliths from Philippine arc lavas were found to indicate the importance of slab-mantle interactions in the genesis of island-arc magmas.
Abstract: Hydrous, silica-rich melts migrating through the mantle are preserved as glass inclusions in mantle minerals in xenoliths from Philippine arc lavas. These melts, with chemistries that indicate an origin by very low degrees of melting of the subducted ocean crust, have altered their host peridotites, yielding a metasomatized mantle. This 'fertilized' mantle is the source region of the arc magmas, which share continuous chemical trends with the melt inclusions, reflecting mixing and/or varying degrees of melting. These observations provide direct evidence for the importance of slab–mantle interactions in the genesis of island-arc magmas.

321 citations

01 Apr 2017
TL;DR: Johnson et al. as discussed by the authors performed phase equilibria modelling of the Coucal basalts from Western Australia and confirmed their suitability as parent rocks of the early continental crust of the Earth's first continents.
Abstract: Phase equilibria modelling of rocks from Western Australia confirms that the ancient continental crust could have formed by multistage melting of basaltic ‘parents’ along high geothermal gradients—a process incompatible with modern-style subduction Tim Johnson et al perform phase equilibria modelling of the Coucal basalts from Western Australia and confirm their suitability as parent rocks of the Archaean continental crust The authors suggest that these early crustal rocks were produced by 20–30 per cent melting along high geothermal gradients They conclude that the production and stabilization of the first continents required a protracted, multistage process When coupled with the high geothermal gradients, this suggests that the continents did not form by subduction Instead it favours a 'stagnant lid' regime in the early Archaean eon in which a single, rigid plate lay over the mantle The geodynamic environment in which Earth’s first continents formed and were stabilized remains controversial1 Most exposed continental crust that can be dated back to the Archaean eon (4 billion to 25 billion years ago) comprises tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite rocks (TTGs) that were formed through partial melting of hydrated low-magnesium basaltic rocks2; notably, these TTGs have ‘arc-like’ signatures of trace elements and thus resemble the continental crust produced in modern subduction settings3 In the East Pilbara Terrane, Western Australia, low-magnesium basalts of the Coucal Formation at the base of the Pilbara Supergroup have trace-element compositions that are consistent with these being source rocks for TTGs These basalts may be the remnants of a thick (more than 35 kilometres thick), ancient (more than 35 billion years old) basaltic crust4,5 that is predicted to have existed if Archaean mantle temperatures were much hotter than today’s6,7,8 Here, using phase equilibria modelling of the Coucal basalts, we confirm their suitability as TTG ‘parents’, and suggest that TTGs were produced by around 20 per cent to 30 per cent melting of the Coucal basalts along high geothermal gradients (of more than 700 degrees Celsius per gigapascal) We also analyse the trace-element composition of the Coucal basalts, and propose that these rocks were themselves derived from an earlier generation of high-magnesium basaltic rocks, suggesting that the arc-like signature in Archaean TTGs was inherited from an ancestral source lineage This protracted, multistage process for the production and stabilization of the first continents—coupled with the high geothermal gradients—is incompatible with modern-style plate tectonics, and favours instead the formation of TTGs near the base of thick, plateau-like basaltic crust9 Thus subduction was not required to produce TTGs in the early Archaean eon

229 citations

01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this article, a marked bend in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain supposedly resulted from a recent major reorganization of the plate-mantle system there 50 million years ago.
Abstract: A marked bend in the Hawaiian-Emperor seamount chain supposedly resulted from a recent major reorganization of the plate-mantle system there 50 million years ago. Although alternative mantle-driven and plate-shifting hypotheses have been proposed, no contemporaneous circum-Pacific plate events have been identified. We report reconstructions for Australia and Antarctica that reveal a major plate reorganization between 50 and 53 million years ago. Revised Pacific Ocean sea-floor reconstructions suggest that subduction of the Pacific-Izanagi spreading ridge and subsequent Marianas/Tonga-Kermadec subduction initiation may have been the ultimate causes of these events. Thus, these plate reconstructions solve long-standing continental fit problems and improve constraints on the motion between East and West Antarctica and global plate circuit closure.

197 citations