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Author

Luca Sterpone

Other affiliations: Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Bio: Luca Sterpone is an academic researcher from Polytechnic University of Turin. The author has contributed to research in topics: Fault injection & Field-programmable gate array. The author has an hindex of 24, co-authored 222 publications receiving 3125 citations. Previous affiliations of Luca Sterpone include Instituto Politécnico Nacional.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper proposes a novel transient error fault injection simulation methodology for the accurate simulation of GPGPUs applications during the occurrence of transient errors.

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A methodology to predict radiation-induced Single Event Transient phenomena within the silicon structure of Flash-based FPGA devices is proposed, based on a MonteCarlo analysis, which allows to effectively characterize the sensitivity of a circuit against the transient effect phenomenon.

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results demonstrate an evident reduction of the recovery time due to fast error detection time and selective partial reconfiguration of faulty domains, and the methodology drastically reduces Cross-Domain Errors in Look-Up Tables and routing resources.
Abstract: The rapid adoption of FPGA-based systems in space and avionics demands dependability rules from the design to the layout phases to protect against radiation effects. Triple Modular Redundancy is a widely used fault tolerance methodology to protect circuits against radiation-induced Single Event Upsets implemented on SRAM-based FPGAs. The accumulation of SEUs in the configuration memory can cause the TMR replicas to fail, requiring a periodic write-back of the configuration bit-stream. The associated system downtime due to scrubbing and the probability of simultaneous failures of two TMR domains are increasing with growing device densities. We propose a methodology to reduce the recovery time of TMR circuits with increased resilience to Cross-Domain Errors. Our methodology consists of an automated tool-flow for fine-grain error detection, error flags convergence and non-overlapping domain placement. The fine-grain error detection logic identifies the faulty domain using gate-level functions while the error flag convergence logic reduces the overwhelming number of flag signals. The non-overlapping placement enables selective domain reconfiguration and greatly reduces the number of Cross-Domain Errors. Our results demonstrate an evident reduction of the recovery time due to fast error detection time and selective partial reconfiguration of faulty domains. Moreover, the methodology drastically reduces Cross-Domain Errors in Look-Up Tables and routing resources. The improvements in recovery time and fault tolerance are achieved at an area overhead of a single LUT per majority voter in TMR circuits.

7 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effectiveness of the novel dual-core architecture is demonstrated by several analyses performed on original DNA microarray images, showing that the capability of detecting DNA spots increases by more than the 30% with respect to that of previously developed software techniques.
Abstract: A deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarray is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface, such as a glass, plastic, or silicon chip forming an array. DNA microarray technologies are an essential part of modern biomedical research. DNA microarray allows compressing hundreds of thousands of different DNA nucleotide sequences in a little microscope glass and permits having all this information on a single image. The analysis of DNA microarray images allows the identification of gene expressions to draw biological conclusions for applications ranging from genetic profiling to diagnosis of cancer. Unfortunately, DNA microarray technology has a high variation of data quality. Therefore, to obtain reliable results, complex and extensive image analysis algorithms should be applied before the actual DNA microarray information can be used for biomedical purposes. In this paper, we present a novel hardware architecture that is specifically designed to analyze DNA microarray images. The architecture is based on a dual-core system that implements several units working in a single-instruction/multiple-data fashion. A field-programmable-gate-array (FPGA)-based prototypal implementation of the proposed architecture is presented. The effectiveness of the novel dual-core architecture is demonstrated by several analyses performed on original DNA microarray images, showing that the capability of detecting DNA spots increases by more than the 30% with respect to that of previously developed software techniques.

7 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the propagation of single-event effects (SEEs) on a Xilinx Zynq-7000 system on chip (SoC) was investigated using heavy-ion microbeam radiation.

7 citations


Cited by
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the physiological roles of EVs is provided, drawing on the unique EV expertise of academia-based scientists, clinicians and industry based in 27 European countries, the United States and Australia.
Abstract: In the past decade, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been recognized as potent vehicles of intercellular communication, both in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. This is due to their capacity to transfer proteins, lipids and nucleic acids, thereby influencing various physiological and pathological functions of both recipient and parent cells. While intensive investigation has targeted the role of EVs in different pathological processes, for example, in cancer and autoimmune diseases, the EV-mediated maintenance of homeostasis and the regulation of physiological functions have remained less explored. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the physiological roles of EVs, which has been written by crowd-sourcing, drawing on the unique EV expertise of academia-based scientists, clinicians and industry based in 27 European countries, the United States and Australia. This review is intended to be of relevance to both researchers already working on EV biology and to newcomers who will encounter this universal cell biological system. Therefore, here we address the molecular contents and functions of EVs in various tissues and body fluids from cell systems to organs. We also review the physiological mechanisms of EVs in bacteria, lower eukaryotes and plants to highlight the functional uniformity of this emerging communication system.

3,690 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recent progress in understanding extracellular vesicle biology and the role of extrace cellular vesicles in disease is reviewed, emerging therapeutic opportunities are discussed and the associated challenges are considered.
Abstract: Within the past decade, extracellular vesicles have emerged as important mediators of intercellular communication, being involved in the transmission of biological signals between cells in both prokaryotes and higher eukaryotes to regulate a diverse range of biological processes. In addition, pathophysiological roles for extracellular vesicles are beginning to be recognized in diseases including cancer, infectious diseases and neurodegenerative disorders, highlighting potential novel targets for therapeutic intervention. Moreover, both unmodified and engineered extracellular vesicles are likely to have applications in macromolecular drug delivery. Here, we review recent progress in understanding extracellular vesicle biology and the role of extracellular vesicles in disease, discuss emerging therapeutic opportunities and consider the associated challenges.

2,507 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
16 Mar 2012-Cell
TL;DR: Emerging principles of miRNA regulation of stress signaling pathways are reviewed and applied to the authors' understanding of the roles of miRNAs in disease.

1,491 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results show that atheroprotective stimuli induce communication between endothelial cells and SMCs through an miRNA- and extracellular-vesicle-mediated mechanism and that this may comprise a promising strategy to combat atherosclerosis.
Abstract: The shear-responsive transcription factor Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) is a critical regulator of endothelial gene expression patterns induced by atheroprotective flow. As microRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptionally control gene expression in many pathogenic and physiological processes, we investigated the regulation of miRNAs by KLF2 in endothelial cells. KLF2 binds to the promoter and induces a significant upregulation of the miR-143/145 cluster. Interestingly, miR-143/145 has been shown to control smooth muscle cell (SMC) phenotypes; therefore, we investigated the possibility of transport of these miRNAs between endothelial cells and SMCs. Indeed, extracellular vesicles secreted by KLF2-transduced or shear-stress-stimulated HUVECs are enriched in miR-143/145 and control target gene expression in co-cultured SMCs. Extracellular vesicles derived from KLF2-expressing endothelial cells also reduced atherosclerotic lesion formation in the aorta of ApoE(-/-) mice. Combined, our results show that atheroprotective stimuli induce communication between endothelial cells and SMCs through an miRNA- and extracellular-vesicle-mediated mechanism and that this may comprise a promising strategy to combat atherosclerosis.

1,182 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The information synthesized is expected to open new avenues for a large scale use of insect products as animal feed, and the levels of Ca and fatty acids in insect meals can be enhanced by manipulation of the substrate on which insects are reared.

1,068 citations