M. Al Aukidy

TL;DR: This analysis shows that the highest amounts discharged through secondary effluent pertain to one antihypertensive, and several beta-blockers and analgesics/anti-inflammatories, while the highest risk is posed by antibiotics and several psychiatric drugs and analgesic/ anti- inflammatories.

TL;DR: An environmental risk assessment revealed a high risk for 9 pharmaceuticals in hospital effluent and for 4 of the 9 substances in the treatment plant influent and effluent, with antibiotics being the most critical compounds in terms of contribution and potential environmental risk for the hospital.

TL;DR: The study shows that the potential toxicological effects of persistent micropollutants can be mitigated to some extent by a high dilution capacity, i.e. a high average flow rate in the receiving water body with respect to the effluent.

TL;DR: The need for further research to evaluate toxicity resulting from advanced oxidation processes as well as the need to develop an accurate feasibility study to identify the best available treatment in the different situations from a global view point is discussed.

TL;DR: The results show that the concentrations were accurately predicted for ciprofloxacin in wastewaters, and for azithromycin, trimethoprim and carbamazepine in surface water, and the difference between the measured and the predicted concentrations was very high.