Author
M. Griggs
Bio: M. Griggs is an academic researcher. The author has contributed to research in topics: Ultraviolet & Absorption (electromagnetic radiation). The author has an hindex of 1, co-authored 1 publications receiving 381 citations.
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, the absorption coefficients of ozone have been measured in the ultraviolet and visible regions using essentially 100% pure ozone, and the results confirm those of Inn and Tanaka in ultraviolet, and those of Vigroux in the visible region.
Abstract: The absorption coefficients of ozone have been measured in the ultraviolet and visible regions using essentially 100% pure ozone. The results confirm those of Inn and Tanaka in the ultraviolet, and those of Vigroux in the visible region.
391 citations
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TL;DR: A model for the photochemistry of the global troposphere constrained by observed concentrations of H2O, O3, CO, CH4, NO, NO2, and HNO3 is presented in this paper.
Abstract: A model for the photochemistry of the global troposphere constrained by observed concentrations of H2O, O3, CO, CH4, NO, NO2, and HNO3 is presented. Data for NO and NO2 are insufficient to define the global distribution of these gases but are nonetheless useful in limiting several of the more uncertain parameters of the model. Concentrations of OH, HO2, H2O2, NO, NO2, NO3, N2O5, HNO2, HO2NO2, CH3O2, CH3OOH, CH2O, and CH3CCl3 are calculated as functions of altitude, latitude, and season. Results imply that the source for nitrogen oxides in the remote troposphere is geographically dispersed and surprisingly small, less than 107 tons N yr−1. Global sources for CO and CH4 are 1.5 × 109 tons C yr−1 and 4.5 × 108 tons C yr−1, respectively. Carbon monoxide is derived from combustion of fossil fuel (15%) and oxidation of atmospheric CH4 (25%), with the balance from burning of vegetation and oxidation of biospheric hydrocarbons. Production of CO in the northern hemisphere exceeds that in the southern hemisphere by about a factor of 2. Industrial and agricultural activities provide approximately half the global source of CO. Oxidation of CO and CH4 provides sources of tropospheric O3 similar in magnitude to loss by in situ photochemistry. Observations of CH3CCl3 could offer an important check of the tropospheric model and results shown here suggest that computed concentrations of OH should be reliable within a factor of 2. A more definitive test requires better definition of release rates for CH3CCl3 and improved measurements for its distribution in the atmosphere.
1,762 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the absorption cross sections of ozone have been measured in the wavelength range 185-350 nm and in the temperature range 225-298 K. The absolute ozone concentrations were established by measuring the pressure of pure gaseous samples in the 0.08to 300-torr range, and the UV spectra were recorded under conditions where less than 1 percent of the sample decomposed.
Abstract: The absorption cross sections of ozone have been measured in the wavelength range 185-350 nm and in the temperature range 225-298 K. The absolute ozone concentrations were established by measuring the pressure of pure gaseous samples in the 0.08to 300-torr range, and the UV spectra were recorded under conditions where less than 1 percent of the sample decomposed. The temperature dependence is significant for wavelengths longer than about 280 nm. The absorption cross-section values around 210 nm were found to be about 10 percent larger than the previously accepted values.
651 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the rate coefficients and excess energies for dissociation, ionization, and dissociative ionization are presented for atomic and molecular species that have been identified or are suspected to exist in the atmospheres of planets, satellites (moons), comets, or as pollutants in the Earth atmosphere.
Abstract: Unattenuated solar photo rate coefficients and excess energies for dissociation, ionization, and dissociative ionization are presented for atomic and molecular species that have been identified or are suspected to exist in the atmospheres of planets, satellites (moons), comets, or as pollutants in the Earth atmosphere. The branching ratios and cross sections with resonances have been tabulated to the greatest detail possible and the rate coefficients and excess energies have been calculated from them on a grid of small wavelength bins for the quiet and the active Sun at 1 AU heliocentric distance.
603 citations
TL;DR: A method is presented that permits the determination of atmospheric aerosol extinction profiles from measured Raman lidar signals, no critical input parameters are needed, which could cause large uncertainties of the solution.
Abstract: A method is presented that permits the determination of atmospheric aerosol extinction profiles from measured Raman lidar signals. No critical input parameters are needed, which could cause large uncertainties of the solution, as is the case in the Klett method for the inversion of elastic lidar returns.
496 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a photochemical theory for tropospheric ozone was presented, in which the methane oxidation chain constitutes a large local source, and this source produces about one trillion odd oxygen molecules per square centimeter per second.
Abstract: We present a photochemical theory for tropospheric ozone in which the methane oxidation chain constitutes a large local source. This source produces about one trillion odd oxygen molecules per square centimeter per second and implies a photochemical lifetime for ozone of about 1 day, much shorter than characteristic mixing times. The photochemical model reproduces the altitude and seasonal dependence of ozone at 30 deg N. It also gives qualitative agreement with observed day-to-day variations of the ozone density.
409 citations