M Heravi Karimooi

Bio: M Heravi Karimooi is an academic researcher from Shahed University. The author has contributed to research in topics: Qualitative research & Elder abuse. The author has an hindex of 5, co-authored 5 publications receiving 82 citations.

The relationship of Dentistry students’ spiritual intelligence to general health

Abstract: زمینه و هدف: دانشجویان دندانپزشکی به واسطه ارتباط مستقیم با بیماران نیازمند ارتقا سلامت عمومی و روان هستند. هوش معنویامروزه از مهمترین مباحثی است که در کلیه ابعاد سلامت انسان از جمله سلامت روحی و رو

The effects of empathy skills training on nursing students’ empathy and attitudes toward elderly people

Abstract: Nursing students’ empathy and positive attitudes toward elderly people could help provide improved elderly care in their future practice. This study aimed to investigate the effects of empathy skills training on nursing students’ empathy and attitudes toward elderly people. This quasi-experimental study was conducted in Yasuj, Iran in 2014. The sample consisted of 63 students at Hazrat Zeinab Nursing and Midwifery School who were randomly divided into a control (n = 31) and an intervention group (n = 32). The intervention group attended an eight-hour workshop on empathy skills that was presented through lectures, demonstration, group discussions, scenarios, and questioning. The data were collected using the Persian versions of Kogan’s Attitudes towards Old People Scale and Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy-Health Professionals Version. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS software, version 19 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, t-test, and repeated measures analysis of variance. The results showed that the empathy skills training program had a significant impact on the students’ mean scores of empathy and attitudes toward elderly people (p < 0.001). The intervention group’s mean score of empathy increased from 77.8 (SD = 10.7) before the intervention to 86 (SD = 7.3) immediately after that and 85.2 (SD = 8.9) 2 months later. Their mean score of attitude also increased from 110.8 (SD = 10.9) before the intervention to 155.2 (SD = 23.4) immediately after the intervention and 158.6 (SD = 23.2) 2 months later. Additionally, the empathy and attitude scores of the intervention group were significantly higher than those for control group immediately and 2 months after the intervention. Empathy skills training improved the nursing students’ empathy and attitudes towards elderly people. Therefore, empathy training is recommended to be incorporated into the undergraduate nursing curriculum.

Psychometric Properties of the Persian Language Version of Yang Internet Addiction Questionnaire: An Explanatory Factor Analysis

Abstract: Psychometric Properties of the Persian Language Version of Yang Internet Addiction Questionnaire: An Explanatory Factor Analysis. Mohammadsalehi N1, Mohammadbeigi A2, Jadidi R3, Anbari Z3, Ghaderi E4, Akbari M5. • 1Department of Research Vice Chancellor, Health Policy and Promotion Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran. • 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Policy and Promotion Research Center, School of Health, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, IR Iran. • 3Department of Education Development Center (EDC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, IR Iran. • 4Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, IR Iran. • 5School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran. Abstract BACKGROUND: Reliability and validity are the key concepts in measurement processes. Young internet addiction test (YIAT) is regarded as a valid and reliable questionnaire in English speaking countries for diagnosis of Internet-related behavior disorders. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed at validating the Persian version of YIAT in the Iranian society. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A pilot and a cross-sectional study were conducted on 28 and 254 students of Qom University of Medical Sciences, respectively, in order to validate the Persian version of YIAT. Forward and backward translations were conducted to develop a Persian version of the scale. Reliability was measured by test-retest, Cronbach's alpha and interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Face, content and construct validity were approved by the importance score index, content validity ratio (CVR), content validity index (CVI), correlation matrix and factor analysis. The SPSS software was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The Cronbach's alpha was 0.917 (CI 95%; 0.901 - 0.931). The average of scale-level CVI was calculated to be 0.74; the CVI index for each item was higher than 0.83 and the average of CVI index was equal to 0.89. Factor analysis extracted three factors including personal activities disorder (PAD), emotional and mood disorder (EMD) and social activities disorder (SAD), with more than 55.8% of total variances. The ICC for different factors of Persian version of Young Questionnaire including PAD, EMD and for SAD was r = 0.884; CI 95%; 0.861 - 0.904, r = 0.766; CI 95%; 0.718 - 0.808 and r = 0.745; CI 95%; 0.686 - 0.795, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that the Persian version of YIAT is good and usable on Iranian people. The reliability of the instrument was very good. Moreover, the validity of the Persian translated version of the scale was sufficient. In addition, the reliability and validity of the three extracted factors of YIAT were evaluated and were acceptable. KEYWORDS: Factor Analysis; Internet; Pychometrics; Reliability (Epidemiology)

Exploration of infertile couples' support requirements: a qualitative study.

Abstract: Background: Due to high prevalence of infertility, increasing demand for infertility treatment, and provision of high quality of fertility care, it is necessary for healthcare professionals to explore infertile couples' expectations and needs. Identification of these needs can be a prerequisite to plan the effective supportive interventions. The current study was, therefore, conducted in an attempt to explore and to understand infertile cou- ples' experiences and needs. Materials and Methods: This is a qualitative study based on a content analysis ap- proach. The participants included 26 infertile couples (17 men and 26 women) and 7 members of medical personnel (3 gynecologists and 4 midwives) as the key inform- ants. The infertile couples were selected from patients attending public and private infertility treatment centers and private offices of infertility specialists in Isfahan and Rasht, Iran, during 2012-2013. They were selected through purposive sampling method with maximum variation. In-depth unstructured interviews and field notes were used for data gathering among infertile couples. The data from medical per- sonnel was collected through semi-structured interviews. The interview data were analyzed using conventional content analysis method. Results: Data analysis revealed four main categories of infertile couples' needs, including: i. Infertility and social support, ii. Infertility and financial support, iii. Infertility and spiritual support and iv. Infertility and informational support. The main theme of all these categories was assistance and support. Conclusion: The study showed that in addition to treatment and medical needs, infertile couples encounter various challenges in different emotional, psychosocial, communica- tive, cognitive, spiritual, and economic aspects that can affect various areas of their life and lead to new concerns, problems, and demands. Thus, addressing infertile couples' needs and expectations alongside their medical treatments as well as provision of psycho- social services by development of patient-centered approaches and couple-based interven- tions can improve their quality of life and treatment results and also relieve their negative psychosocial consequences.

Iranian nursing students' perspectives regarding caring for elderly patients

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to explore Iranian nursing students' perspectives regarding caring for elderly patients. A qualitative design, based on the content analysis approach, was used to collect and analyze the perspectives of 25 senior nursing students who were providing care for elderly patients in the medical and surgical wards of two teaching hospitals in Tehran, Iran. After using purposeful sampling to select the participants, semistructured interviews were held in order to collect the data. During the data analysis, two main themes and six subthemes emerged. The first theme was "the barriers to caring for elderly patients", with the subthemes of "policies and rules of the organization", "a lack of educational preparation", and "an inappropriate physical environment", and the second theme was "the facilitators to caring for elderly patients", with the subthemes of "religion and cultural norms", "role modeling", and "previous exposure to elderly patients". This study informs international audiences of the factors that influence the quality of care of elderly patients so that strategies can be devised in order to prepare nursing students to meet the physical and psychological needs of elderly patients.