Copper, iron and zinc in Alzheimer's disease senile plaques

Neurocircuitry of Mood Disorders

There is a dynamic interplay between pro- and anti-oxidant substances in human ejaculate. Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation can overwhelm protective mechanism and initiate changes in lipid and/or protein layers of sperm plasma membranes. Additionally, changes in DNA can be induced. The essential steps of lipid peroxidation have been listed as well as antioxidant substances of semen. A variety of detection techniques of lipid peroxidation have been summarized together with the lipid components of sperm membranes that can be subjected to stress. It is unsolved, a threshold for ROS levels that may induce functional sperm ability or may lead to male infertility.

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Reactive oxygen species and sperm cells.

Articles 1278 An Inflammatory Biomarker as a Differential Predictor of Outcome of Depression Treatment With Escitalopram and Nortriptyline Rudolf Uher et. al 1287 Identification and Replication of a Combined Epigenetic and Genetic Biomarker Predicting Suicide and Suicidal Behaviors Jerry Guintivano et. al 1297 Clinical Outcomes and Genome-Wide Association for a Brain Methylation Site in an Antidepressant Pharmacogenetics Study in Mexican Americans Ma-Li Wong et. al

The american journal of psychiatry

Objective: The authors summarize current knowledge regarding the psychomotor symptoms of depression. Method: Findings from the objective quantification of psychomotor symptoms are reviewed, and methodological issues are considered. The contemporary empirical literature regarding the diagnostic, prognostic, and potential pathophysiologic significance of psychomotor symptoms is summarized. Results: It has been repeatedly shown that depressed patients differ from normal and psychiatric comparison groups with regard to objectively quantified gross motor activity, body movements, speech, and motor reaction time. Course of illness, diurnal variation, medication status, sex, and age are associated with agitation and retardation and should be controlled when one is studying psychomotor symptoms. Psychomotor symptoms in depression may have unique significance. They have high discriminative validity, may be the only symptoms of depression that distinguish depression subtypes, and are predictive of good response to tricyclic antidepressants. Results of brain imaging and biochemical studies link depression and motor symptoms to abnormalities in the basal ganglia and basal ganglia/thalamo-cortical circuits. Conclusions: The investigation of psychomotor disturbance in depression is specifically consistent with neo-Kraepelinian standards for the study of psychiatric disorders. Our current knowledge of psychomotor symptoms is conceptually obscure, yet a large body of evidence specifies their manifestation and supports their significance. Identifying the incidence of abnormal motor behaviors in depressed patients and assessing the component processes that accompany and determine their manifestation may be important advances in the study of psychomotor symptoms in depression. (Am J Psychiatry 1997; 154:4‐17)

Psychomotor Symptoms of Depression

CSF amine metabolites in depression

Calcium and phosphorus in dementia

Erythrocyte membrane Na+,K+-ATPase activity was studied in drug naive patients with bipolar (BP) mania (n=62) and unipolar (UP) depression (n=60) and normal controls (n=66). Compared to controls there was a significantly decreased Na+,K+-ATPase activity in UP depressives but no change in BP manics. However, lithium treatment caused a significant increase in Na+,K+-ATPase activity although there was no correlation between plasma lithium levels and enzyme activity. Plasma cortisol correlated inversely with Na+,K+-ATPase in UP depressives. Interestingly, the lithium responders [ 50% BRMS score). These observations indicate that monitoring of Na+,K+-ATPase activity during lithium therapy is useful to predict a therapeutic response.

M.N. Subhash

Papers

CSF amine metabolites in depression

Calcium and phosphorus in dementia

Erythrocyte membrane sodium — potassium adenosine triphosphatase activity in affective disorders

CSF zinc in Alzheimer's type dementia.

Calcium and phosphorus levels in serum and CSF in dementia