Author
M.T. Blanco
Bio: M.T. Blanco is an academic researcher from Spanish National Research Council. The author has contributed to research in topics: Cement & Portland cement. The author has an hindex of 4, co-authored 9 publications receiving 1576 citations.
Topics: Cement, Portland cement, Clinker (cement), Mortar, Fly ash
Papers
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TL;DR: In this paper, the mechanism of activation of fly ash with highly alkaline solutions is described, and the product of the reaction is an amorphous aluminosilicate gel having a structure similar to that of zeolitic precursors.
1,779 citations
TL;DR: Workability and rheology of AAM and fly ash (AAFA) mortars have been studied in this article, showing that AAS and AAFA mortars are more sensitive to changes in the liquid/solid ratio than OPC mortars.
87 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a procedure has been set up to identify the type of binder used in historic hydraulic mortars, and a number of mortars has been sampled from historic buildings, on which analyses have been performed to verify the set up methodology and evaluate their deterioration due to environmental deposition.
Abstract: Little is known about the nature and durability of hydraulic mortars in ancient buildings. Furthermore, the characterisation of the type of binder is important in order to proceed to the design of conservation interventions. A procedure has been set up to identify the type of binder used in historic hydraulic mortars. A number of mortars has been sampled from historic buildings, on which analyses have been performed to verify the set up methodology and evaluate their deterioration due to environmental deposition. Being sulphation one of the most important mechanisms of degradation found on historical buildings, SCV exposure tests were performed on different replicas of hydraulic mortars. The formation of sulphur containing species, such as gypsum, ettringite and thaumasite, has been studied in controlled conditions. The results obtained prove that the sulphation occurs on hydraulic mortars, depending on the composition of the binder. Transactions on the Built Environment vol 39 © 1999 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3509
19 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an industrial cement obtained by milling together a new low energy clinker and gypsum, two blended cements containing 20% wt of fly ashes and 10% of limestone respectively, have been prepared.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the main diffraction Unes corresponding to the components of hydrated portland cement and high alumina cement, are given, and the most significative changes of the hydrated phases of both cements when heated are shown.
Abstract: Instrumental techniques are indicated and the most adequated methodologies for determining the nature of the binder in concretes are explained. These methods are:
a) Determination of the Silicic Moduli through chemical analysis of the sample. This test reveais very different values between cement portland based concrete and high alumina cement based concretes.
b) X-ray diffraction. It is considered as the best method. In the present paper the main diffraction Unes corresponding to the components of hydrated portland cement and high alumina cement, are given.
As complementary methods having as limited use, DTA and TG are studied. The most significative changes of the hydrated phases of both cements when heated are shown.
A valoration of the Oxine test is also done as well as a description of using the characteristic colour of the high alumina cement as a practical indicator for determining its presence in concretes. Finally, comments on the significance of the presence of different CaCO 3 polymorhisms in portland cement concrete and high alumina cement concretete are also done.
4 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the potential position of and drivers for inorganic polymers (“geopolymers”) as an element of the push for a sustainable concrete industry are discussed.
1,444 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of comprehensive carbon footprint estimates for both geopolymer and OPC concrete, including energy expending activities associated with mining and transport of raw materials, manufacturing and concrete construction.
1,274 citations
TL;DR: Aluminosilicate-based alkaline cements have been classified into five categories as discussed by the authors, and the key advances made in the understanding of synthetic gels are discussed, which ultimately finds hybrid cements to be technologically viable materials for contemporary construction.
1,104 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the work carried out on the chemical reaction, the source materials, and the factor affecting geopolymerization, and demonstrate that certain mix compositions and reaction conditions such as Al2O3/SiO2, alkali concentration, curing temperature with curing time, water/solid ratio and pH significantly influences the formation and properties of a geopolymers.
Abstract: Geopolymerization is a developing field of research for utilizing solid waste and by-products. It provides a mature and cost-effective solution to many problems where hazardous residue has to be treated and stored under critical environmental conditions. Geopolymer involves the silicates and aluminates of by-products to undergo process of geopolymerization. It is environmentally friendly and need moderate energy to produce. This review presents the work carried out on the chemical reaction, the source materials, and the factor affecting geopolymerization. Literature demonstrates that certain mix compositions and reaction conditions such as Al2O3/SiO2, alkali concentration, curing temperature with curing time, water/solid ratio and pH significantly influences the formation and properties of a geopolymer. It is utilized to manufacture precast structures and non-structural elements, concrete pavements, concrete products and immobilization of toxic metal bearing waste that are resistant to heat and aggressive environment. Geopolymers gain 70% of the final strength in first 3–4 h of curing.
1,078 citations
TL;DR: An overview of advances in geopolymers formed by the alkaline activation of aluminosilicates is presented along with opportunities for their use in building construction as mentioned in this paper, with respect to fresh and hardened states, interfacial transition zone between aggregate and geopolymer, bond with steel reinforcing bars and resistance to elevated temperature.
899 citations